Strokovna terminologija v angle

111 Pages·2011·5.44 MB·English

STROKOVNA TERMINOLOGIJA V
ANGLEŠČINI

ŽIVA TRSTENJAK

Višješolski strokovni program: Varstvo okolja in komunala
Učbenik: Strokovna terminologija v angleščini
Gradivo za 1. letnik

Avtorica:
Živa Trstenjak, prof. ang. in nem.
PROMETNA ŠOLA MARIBOR
Višja prometna šola

Strokovni recenzentki:
mag. Marija Beras Slana
Danijela Kačinari, prof. ang. in slov.

Lektorica:
Danijela Kačinari, prof. ang. in slov.

CIP – Kataložni zapis o publikaciji
(za vas ga pridobi projekt Impletum)

Izdajatelj: Konzorcij višjih strokovnih šol za izvedbo projekta IMPLETUM
Založnik: Zavod IRC, Ljubljana.
Ljubljana, 2011

Strokovni svet RS za poklicno in strokovno izobraževanje je na svoji 120. seji dne 10. 12. 2009 na podlagi 26.
člena Zakona o organizaciji in financiranju vzgoje in izobraževanja (Ur. l. RS, št. 16/07-ZOFVI-UPB5, 36/08
in 58/09) sprejel sklep št. 01301-6/2009/11-3 o potrditvi tega učbenika za uporabo v višješolskem
izobraževanju.

© Avtorske pravice ima Ministrstvo za šolstvo in šport Republike Slovenije.
Gradivo je sofinancirano iz sredstev projekta Impletum Uvajanje novih izobraževalnih programov na področju višjega strokovnega
izobraževanja v obdobju 2008–11.
Projekt oz. operacijo delno financira Evropska unija iz Evropskega socialnega sklada ter Ministrstvo RS za šolstvo in šport. Operacija se
izvaja v okviru Operativnega programa razvoja človeških virov za obdobje 2007–2013, razvojne prioritete Razvoj človeških virov in
vseživljenjskega učenja ter prednostne usmeritve Izboljšanje kakovosti in učinkovitosti sistemov izobraževanja in usposabljanja.

Vsebina tega dokumenta v nobenem primeru ne odraža mnenja Evropske unije. Odgovornost za vsebino dokumenta nosi avtor.

CONTENTS

1 ENGLISH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING ......................................................................... 5

1.1 ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING ...................................................................... 5

1.2 COLLOCATIONS .................................................................................................................................... 5

1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES ............................................................................................................... 8

1.4 A PROFILE............................................................................................................................................. 11

2 ENTERPRISE ............................................................................................................................................ 13

2.1 ECONOMIC SECTORS ......................................................................................................................... 13

2.2 COMPANY ORGANISATION .............................................................................................................. 16

2.3 PROFESSIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 19

2.4 WRITING LETTERS ............................................................................................................................. 24

3 ECOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................. 29

3.1 GLOBAL WARMING ............................................................................................................................ 30

3.2 WORDFORMATION ............................................................................................................................. 31

3.3 ALTERNATIVE FUELS ........................................................................................................................ 33

3.4 MEETING AT THE AIRPORT .............................................................................................................. 35

4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 38

4.1 COMPUTERS ......................................................................................................................................... 38

4.2 AUTOMATED WASTE TREATMENT ................................................................................................ 39

4.3 WRITING A BUSINESS E-MAIL ......................................................................................................... 42

5 SAFETY ...................................................................................................................................................... 45

5.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ....................................................................................... 45

5.2 DANGEROUS GOODS ......................................................................................................................... 47

5.3 PRESENTATIONS ................................................................................................................................. 49

6 WATER ...................................................................................................................................................... 51

6.1 THE WATER CYCLE ............................................................................................................................ 51

6.2 WATER SUPPLY ................................................................................................................................... 52

6.3 WASTEWATER TREATMENT ............................................................................................................ 57

7 ENERGY .................................................................................................................................................... 62

7.1 WHAT IS ENERGY? ............................................................................................................................. 63

7.2 ELECTRICAL POWER ......................................................................................................................... 67

7.3 PLACING AN ORDER .......................................................................................................................... 69

8 WASTE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................................ 72

8.1 WASTE CONTAINERS ......................................................................................................................... 74

8.2 WASTE COLLECTION VEHICLES ..................................................................................................... 77

8.3 METHODS OF WASTE DISPOSAL ..................................................................................................... 79

8.4 HOW TO READ A GRAPH ................................................................................................................... 81

9 MUNICIPALITY ....................................................................................................................................... 84

9.1 TOWN PLANNING ............................................................................................................................... 84

9.2 URBAN TRAFFIC ................................................................................................................................. 89

9.3 GREEN SPACES IN THE CITY ............................................................................................................ 92

9.4 WINTER SERVICE................................................................................................................................ 94

9.5 SUMMARIZING AUTHENTIC TEXTS ............................................................................................... 96

10 LITERATURA ........................................................................................................................................... 99

PICTURES

Picture 1: Economic Sectors .................................................................................................................................. 13
Picture 2: Organigram of a Company .................................................................................................................... 17
I
Picture 3: Organigram of Nalco ............................................................................................................................. 19
Picture 4: Automatic Sorting of Waste for Recycling ........................................................................................... 41
Picture 5: Water Cycle ........................................................................................................................................... 51
Picture 6: Periodic Table of Elements ................................................................................................................... 52
Picture 7: Water Supply System ............................................................................................................................ 53
Picture 8: Wastewater Treatment ........................................................................................................................... 60
Picture 9: Sources of Energy ................................................................................................................................. 65
Picture 10: Electrical Power Grid .......................................................................................................................... 68
Picture 11: What is Waste? .................................................................................................................................... 72
Picture 12: How to Read a Graph .......................................................................................................................... 81
Picture 13: A Graph to Words ............................................................................................................................... 83
Picture 14: Settlement Hierarchy ........................................................................................................................... 88

TABLES

Table 1: Request Information ................................................................................................................................ 12
Table 2: Excerpt from Waste List Decision 2000/532/EC ..................................................................................... 74
Table 3: European Green City Index ..................................................................................................................... 85

II
Strokovna terminologija v angleščini
PREDGOVOR

Whatever is good to know is difficult to learn.
Greek proverb

Pred vami je učbenik za predmet Strokovna terminologija v tujem jeziku – angleščina v
višješolskem strokovnem študijskem programu Varstvo okolja in komunala.

Cilj angleškega jezika stroke (ang. English for Specific Purposes) je pripraviti študenta za
resnično in stvarno delovno okolje, zato izhaja iz uporabe avtentičnih angleških besedil, z
namenom spodbuditi študente, da bi pogosto posegali po tuji literaturi ter znali tuje vire
uspešno uporabljati pri svojem delu.

Vaje in naloge so sestavljene tako, da simulirajo vsakdanje situacije na delovnem mestu, npr.
poslovne pogovore, opise delovanja naprav in delovnih procesov, izpolnjevanje obrazcev in
pisanje poslovnih pisem ter združujejo štiri jezikovne spretnosti: poslušanje, govor, branje in
pisanje.

Učno gradivo zajema strokovno terminologijo različnih tematskih področij. Ta so: varstvo
okolja, urejanje prostora, varstvo zraka, prostorsko planiranje, urbanistično načrtovanje,
gospodarske javne službe, komunalne dejavnosti, oskrbovalni sistemi, oskrba z vodo in
čiščenje odpadnih voda, gospodarjenje z odpadki, komunalna energetika, raba energije
obnovljivih virov ter promet in gospodarjenje z javnimi površinami.

V upanju, da bo gradivo pripomoglo k bolj samozavestni uporabi angleščine v poslovnih
situacijah in pri delu, vam želim veliko uspeha pri študiju.

Avtorica

3
Strokovna terminologija v angleščini

4
Strokovna terminologija v angleščini
1 ENGLISH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

After this unit you will be able to:
• speak about the importance of learning English for Specific Purposes;
• find specific information in an authentic English professional text;
• look for and use internet sources;
• compare English and Slovenian education of environmental engineering;
• fill in a form in English.

1.1 ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING

The subject of this learning material is called English for Specific Purposes. Read the
text Bottled Water Isn't Healthier Than Tap and discuss the following:
• Which environmental issues does it address?
• Which are the specific expressions of environmental science?

Bottled Water Isn't Healthier Than Tap

A bottle of spring or mineral water has become the lifestyle accessory
of the health-conscious. No longer a luxury item the beverage has
become a common sight worldwide. But according to campaigners, the
planet's health may be suffering as a result.

A new report warns that people's thirst for bottled water is producing
unnecessary garbage and consuming vast quantities of energy, even in
areas where perfectly good drinking water is available on tap.

The report, released by the Earth Policy Institute, says global consumption of bottled water
doubled between 1999 and 2004, reaching 154 billion liters annually. (Adapted from:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/02/0224_060224_bottled_water.html,
21 May, 2010)

Read the text again and find the Slovenian expressions for the following:
- beverage
- gallon
- global consumption
- health-conscious

1.2 COLLOCATIONS

A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just
sound right to native English speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other
combinations may be unnatural and just sound wrong.

5
Strokovna terminologija v angleščini
Look at these examples:

natural English unnatural English
the fast train the quick train
fast food quick food
a quick meal a fast meal
a quick shower a fast shower

There are a lot of reasons why it is a good idea to learn collocations. Here are some:
• Your language will be more natural and more easily understood.
• You will have alternative and richer ways of expressing yourself.
• It is easier for our brains to remember and use language in chunks or blocks rather than as
single words.

There are some different types of collocations. One of them is verb + noun. For example, an
English speaker would say: “I’d like to have a drink,” and not “I’d like to take a drink.”

Another type is noun + verb. For example, the noun money, collocates with a lot of verbs:

invest

earn make

money

save
waste

spend

(Adapted from: http://blog.cellep.com/collocations-%E2%80%93-why-learn-them/,
2 April, 2011)

Read the text Bottled Water Isn't Healthier Than Tap on page 5 again and find the
adjective + noun collocations with the noun water.

tap

water

6