Stress and Heart Disease: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Stress and Heart Disease, June 26–29, 1984 Winnipeg, Canada

457 Pages·1985·23.04 MB·English

by  Stewart G. Wolf (auth.)

STRESS AND HEART DISEASE
DEVELOPMENTS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
Lancee, C.T., ed.: Echocardiology, 1979. ISBN 90-247-2209-8.
Baan, 1., Arntzenius, A.C., Yellin, E.L., eds.: Cardiac dynamics. 1980. ISBN 90-247-2212-8.
Thalen, H.l. T., Meere, C.C., eds.: Fundamentals of cardiac pacing. 1970. ISBN 90-247-2245-4.
Kulbertus, H.E., Wellens, H.1.1., eds.: Sudden death. 1980. ISBN 90-247-2290-X.
Dreifus, L.S., Brest, A.N., eds.: Clinical applications of cardiovascular drugs. 1980. ISBN 90-247-2295-0.
Spencer, M.P., Reid, 1 .M., eds.: Cerebrovascular evaluation with Doppler ultrasound. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2348-1.
Zipes, D.P., Bailey. 1.C., Elharrar, V., eds.: The slow inward current and cardiac arrhythmias. 1980.
ISBN 90-247-2380-9.
Kesteloot, H., 100ssens, 1.V., eds.: Epidemiology of arterial blood pressure. 1980. ISBN 90-247-2386-8.
Wackers, F.1.T., ed.: Thallium-201 and technetium-99m-pyrophosphate myocardial imaging in the coronary care unit.
1980. ISBN 90-247-2396-5.
Maseri, A., Marchesi, c., Chierchia, S., Trivella, M.O., eds.: Coronary care units. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2456-2.
Morganroth, 1., Moore, E.N., Dreifus, L.S., Michelson, E.L., eds.: The evaluation of new antiarrhythmic drugs. 1981.
ISBN 90-247-2474-0.
Alboni, P.: Intraventricular conduction disturbances. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2483-X.
Rijsterborgh, H., ed.: Echocardiology. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2491-0.
Wagner, O.S., ed.: Myocardial infarction. Measurement and intervention. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2513-5.
Meltzer, R.S., Roelandt, 1., eds.: Contrast echocardiography. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2531-3.
Amery, A., Fagard, R., Lijnen, R., Staessen, 1., eds.: Hypertensive cardiovascular disease; pathophysiology and
treatment. 1982. ISBN 907·247-2534-8.
Bouman, L.N., 10ngsma, H.l., eds.> Cardiac rate and rhythm. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2626-3.
Morganroth, 1., Moore, E.M., eds.: The evaluation of beta blocker and calcium antagonist drugs. 1982.
ISBN 90-247-2642-5.
Rosenbaum, M.B., ed.: Frontiers of cardiac electrophysiology. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2663-8.
Roelandt, 1., Hugenholtz, P.O., eds.: Long-term ambulatory electrocardiography. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2664-8.
Adgey, A.l., ed.: Acute phase of ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2675-1.
Hanrath, P., Bleifeld, W., Souquet, eds.: Cardiovascular diagnosis by ultrasound. Transesophageal, computerized.
contrast, Doppler echocardiography. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2692-1.
Roelandt, 1., ed.: The practice ofM-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2745-6.
Meyer, 1., Schweizer, P., Erbel, R., eds.: Advances in noninvasive cardiology. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-576-8.
Morganroth, 10el, Moore. E.N., eds.: Sudden cardiac death and congestive heart failure: Diagnosis and treatment. 1983.
ISBN 0-89838-580-6.
Perry, H.M., ed.: Lifelong management of hypertension. ISBN 0-89838-582-2.
laffe, E.A., ed.: Biology of endothelial cells. ISBN 0-89838-587-3.
Surawicz, B., Reddy, c.P., Prystowsky, E.N., eds.: Tachycardiac. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-588-1.
Spencer, M.P., ed.: Cardiac Doppler diagnosis. ISBN 0-89838-591-1.
Villareal, H.V., Sambhi, M.P., eds.: Topics in pathophysiology of hypertension. ISBN 0-89838-595-4.
Messerli, F.H., ed.: Cardiovascular disease in the elderly. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-596-2.
Simoons, M.L., Reiber, 1.H.C., eds.: Nuclear imaging in clinical cardiology. ISBN 0-89838-599-7.
Ter Keurs, H.E.D.l., Schipperheym, 1.1., eds.: Cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy. ISBN 0-89838-612-8.
Sperelakis, N., ed.: Physiology and pathophysiology of the heart. ISBN 0-89838-615-2.
Messerli, F.H., ed.: Kidney in essential hypertension. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-616-0.
Sambhi, M.P., ed.: Fundamental fault in hypertension. ISBN 0-89838-638-1.
Marchesi, D., ed.: Ambulatory monitoring: Cardiovascular system and allied applications. ISBN 0-89838-642-X.
Kupper, W., Macalpin, R.N., Bleifeld, W., eds.: Coronary tone in ischemic heart disease. ISBN 0-89838-646-2.
Sperelakis, N., Caulfield, J. B., eds.: Calcium antagonists: Mechanisms of action on cardiac muscle and vascular smooth
muscle. ISBN 0-89838-655-1.
Oodfraind, T., Herman. A.S., Wellens, D., eds.: Entry blockers in cardiovascular and cerebral dysfunctions.
ISBN 0-89838-658-6.
Morganroth, 1., Moore, E.N., eds.: Interventions in the acute phase of myocardial infarction. ISBN 0-89838-659-4.
Abel, F.L., Newman, W.H., eds.: Functional aspects of the normal. hypertrophied, and failing heart.
ISBN 0-89838-665-9.
Sideman, S., and Beyar, R., eds.: Simulation and imaging of the cardiac system. ISBN 0-89838-687-X.
van de Wall, E., Lie, K.I., eds.: Recent views on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. ISBN 0-89838-694-2.
STRESS AND HEART DISEASE
Proceedings of the International Symposium on
Stress and Heart Disease
June 26-29, 1984
Winnipeg, Canada
edited by
Robert E. Beamish
Pawan K. Singal
Naranjan S. Dhalla
University ofM anitoba
u
"
Martinus Nijhoff Publishing
a member of the Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
Boston/DordrechtiLancaster
Distributors for North America:
Kluwer Academic Publishers
190 Old Derby Street
Hingham, MA 02043
for all other countries:
Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
Distribution Centre
P.O. Box 322
3300 AH Dordrecht
THE NETHERLANDS
This book is based on the proceedings oft he International Symposium on Stress and Heart Disease, June
26-29,1984, Winnipeg, Canada, which was sponsored by: International Society and Federation of
Cardiology-Council of Cardiac Metabolism, Manitoba Heart Foundation, and International Academy of
Cardiovascular Sciences.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
International Symposium on Stress and Heart Disease
(1984: Winnipeg, Man.)
Stress and heart disease.
(Developments in cardiovascular medicine)
Companion v. to: Pathogenesis of stress-induced heart disease.
Includes bibliographies.
1. Heart - Diseases-Psychosomatic aspects-Congresses.
2. Stress (Psychology)-Congresses. I. Beamish, Robert E. II. Singal,
Pawan K. III. Dhalla, Naranjan S. IV. International Symposium on
Stress and Heart Disease (1984 : Winnipeg, Man.) Pathogenesis of stress
induced heart disease. V. Title. VI. Series. [DNLM: 1. Heart
Diseases-etiology-congresses. 2. Stress-physiopathology
congresses. 3. Stress, Psychological-physiopathology-congresses.
WI DE997VME I WG 200 1619s 1984]
RC681.A2158 1984 616.1 '2071 85-293
ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-9622-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2587-1
DOT: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2587-1
Copyright© 1985 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1985
All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permis
sion of the publisher, Martinus NijhoffPublishing, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, Massachusetts 02043.
To our wives
Mary Beamish, Roop Singal, and Ranjit Dhalla
for their inspiration and support
CONTENTS
Contributors ix
Preface
Xlll
Acknowledgements xv
A. PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND SUDDEN DEATH
1. History of the Study of Stress and Heart Disease 3
S.G. Wolf
2. The Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Death: Incidence
Clinical Features, Biomedical and Psychosocial Risk
Factors 17
C.D. Jenk ins
3. Psychosocial Stress and Sudden Cardiac Death: Brain
Mechanisms 44
J.E. Skinner
4. Socioenvironmental Factors in Heart Disease 60
S.L. Syme
5. Stress, Social Habits and Heart Disease 71
R.J. Bing
6. Myocardial Ischemia Induced by Emotion in Patients
with Angina Pectoris 81
A. L'Abbate, C. Carpeggiani, M.G. Trivella, I. Simonetti
and A. Biagini
7. Life Stress and Relapse in Smoking Cessation 93
P.M. Carnic and H. dewit
8. Nucleus Tractus Solitarii (NTS): Does it mask the
Interaction of Blood Pressure and Thermal Energetics? 99
J.R. Wilson and D.M. Fyda
9. Utilization of a new Objective, Non-Physical Stress Test
R.S. Eliot and J.C. Buell 116
B. CORONARY SPASM AND ARRHYTHMIAS
-----
10. Involvement of Catecholamines in Coronary Spasm Under
Stressful Conditions 129
R.E. Beamish and N.S. Dhalla
11. A New Animal Model for Coronary Spasm: Provocation and
Prevention 142
M. Nakamura
vi
vii
12. Electrocardiographic Manifestations of Neurological
Disease: A Unifying Hypothesis 154
M.A. Samuels
13. Some Psychological Features of Cardiac Arrhythmia 167
R.D. Martin and K.D. Chadda
14. The Genesis and Control of Reperfusion Arrhythmias 173
D.J. Hearse and A.S. Manning
15. Antioxidant Protection Against Epinephrine-Induced
Arrhythmias 190
P.K. Singal, N. Kapur, R.E. Beamish, P.K. Das and
N.S. Dhalla
C. CARDIOMYOPATHIES AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS
16. Clinical Observations on Stress and Cardiomyopathy 205
J.F. Goodwin
17. Morphological Aspects of Myocardial Lesions Associated
with stress 211
V.J. Ferrans and J.F. van Vleet
18. Clinical and Biochemical Aspects of Stress and
Cardiomyopathy 228
M.L. Hess and H.P. Mauck
19. Effects of Trifluoperazine and Chlorpromazine on Calcium
Paradox in Isolated Ventr icle Str ips 239
K. Okumura, K. Ogawa and T. Satake
20. Psychosocial Phenomena and Female "Protection" from
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Cynomolgus
Macaques (Macaca Fascicularisl 250
J.R. Kaplan, M.R. Adams, T.E. Hamm, Jr., T.B. Clarkson
21. Psychosocial Stress and Atherosclerosis in Cynomolgus
Macaques 262
J.R. Kaplan, S.B. Manuck and T.B. Clarkson
D. STRESS MODELS AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS
22. Effects of Starvation on Myocardial Glycogen in Normal
and Hypertrophic Hearts 279
C. Wittnich and R. C-J Chiu
23. Myocardial Changes in the Fetal Rat Heart Due To Stress
During Prolonged Gestation 288
J.A. Thliveris and J. Myers-Shrom
viii
24. Characteristics of Stress Induced by Methionine
Enkephalin in Intact Rabbits 298
H.M. Rhee and P.J. Eulie
25. Role of Diabetes in the Production of Stress Related
Heart Disease 312
J.H. McNeill and S. Bhimji
26. Cardiac Oedema and Physical Stress 327
P. Harris
27. The Contribution of Platelets to stress-Related
Cardiovascular Disease 331
J.M. Gerrard and D.A. Peterson
28. Hemorheological Factors and Treatment in Myocardial
Ischemia 347
G.P. Biro
29. Role of Cardioplegia in Cardiac Stress During Surgery
J.S. Juggi 364
E. MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION OF STRESS
30. The Role of Stress Management in Comprehensive
Cardiovascular Rehabilitation 389
L.H. Peterson and l>l.P. Anderson
31. Regular Endurance Exercise Decreases Susceptibility to
Ventricular Fibrillation during Acute Ischemic Events
P.D. Verdouw and M.G. Scheffer 399
32. Effect of Tai Chi on the Response to Treadmill Exercise
L. Hsu, S. Wang and C. T. Kappagoda 414
33. Stress-Limiting Systems of the Organism and Their Role
in Prevention of Ischemic Damages of the Heart 422
F.Z. Meerson and E.B. Manukhina
34. Past Present and Future Directions in the Treatment of
Stress-Related Cardiovascular Disorders 436
S.G. Wolf
CONTRIBUTORS
M.R. ADAMS, Arteriosclerosis Research Center, Bowman-Gray
School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 277103, U.S.A.
M.P. ANDERSON, Houston Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Center,
Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
R.E. BEAMISH, Experimental Cardiology Section, Department of
Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3
S. BHIMJI, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
A. BIAGINI, CNR, Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Pisa and
Istituto de Patologia Medica, Universita di Pisa, Italy
R.J. BING, Huntington Memorial Hospital, 100 Congress
Street, Pasadena, CA. 91105, U.S.A.
G.P.BIRO, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario KIN 8M5
J.C. BUELL, The National Center of Preventive and Stress
Medicine, 1800 E. Van Buren, Suite 1, Phoenix, Arizona
85006 U.S.A.
P.M. CAMIC, Behavioral Medicine Clinic, University of
Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, II. 60637, U.S.A.
C. CARPEGGIANI, CNR, Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Pisa
and Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Pisa, Italy
K.D. CHADDA, Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, The
Long Island Jewish-Hillside Medical Center, New Hyde Park,
NY. 11042 U.S.A.
R.C.-J. CHIU, Montreal General Hospital, University Surgical
Clinic, Montreal, Quebec, H3G lA4
T.B. CLARKSON, Arteriosclerosis Research Center, Bowman Gray
School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC. 27103, U.S.A.
P.K. DAS, Department of Pharmacology, Banaras Hindu
University, Varanasi, India
H. DEWIT, Behavioral Medicine Clinic, university of Chicago
Medical Center, Chicago, II. 60637 U.S.A.
N.S. DHALLA, Experimental Cardiology Section, Department of
Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3
ix
x
R.S. ELIOT, The National Center of Preventive and Stress
Medicine, 1800 E. Van Buren, Suite 1, Phoenix, Arizona
85006 U.S.A.
P.J. EULIE, Department of Pharmacology, Oral Roberts
University School of Medicine, Tulsa, OK. 74171, U.S.A.
V.J. FERRANS, Pathology Branch, National Heart, Lung and
Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,
Maryland, U.S.A.
D.M. FYDA, Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Manitoba
J.M. • GERRARD, Department of Pediatrics, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E OV9
J.F. GOODWIN, Professor of Clinical Cardiology, ConSUltant
Physician, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith
Hospital, London, U.K.
T.E. HAMM, JR., Toxicology Department, Chemical Industry,
Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, N.C.
27709 U.S.A.
P. HARRIS, Department of Cardiac Medicine, Cardiothoracic
Institute, 2 Beaumont Street, London, England, WIN 2DX, U.K.
D.J. HEARSE, The Heart Research Unit, The Rayne Institute,
st. Thomas' Hospital, London, SEI 7EH, U.K.
M.L. HESS, Department of Medicine, Medical College of
Virginia, Richmond, VA. 23298, U.S.A.
L. HSU, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta,
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
C.D. JENKINS, Department of Preventive Medicine and
Community Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch,
Galveston, Texas 77550, U.S.A.
J.S. JUGGI, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine,
Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, Kuwait
J.R. KAPLAN, Arteriosclerosis Research Center, Bowman Gray
School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC. 27103, U.S.A.
C.T. KAPPAGODA, Department of Medicine, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
N. KAPUR, Experimental Cardiology Section, Department of
Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3
A. L'ABBATE, CNR, Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Pisa and
Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Pisa, Italy