strategic human resource management

432 Pages·2017·7.89 MB·English

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Human Resource
Management in
Australia
STRATEGY, PEOPLE, PERFORMANCE
Fifth Edition
ROBIN KRAMAR
Macquarie Graduate School of Management
TIMOTHY BARTRAM
La Trobe University
HELEN DE CIERI
Monash University
RAYMOND A. NOE
Ohio State University
JOHN R. HOLLENBECK
Michigan State University
BARRY GERHART
University of Wisconsin
PATRICK M. WRIGHT
University of South Carolina
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CONTENTS IN FULL
cover
title
title
copyright
foreword
About the original authors
About the Australian authors
About the contributing authors
Acknowledgments
About this book
Highlights of this edition
Text at a glance
E-student
E-instructor
PART 1 Managing the human resource environment
CHAPTER 1 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIA
CHAPTER 2 STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 3 THE LEGAL CONTEXT FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
CHAPTER 5 EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS
PART 2 Building human resource management systems
CHAPTER 6 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WORK
CHAPTER 7 HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING AND HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 8 RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION
PART 3 Developing people
CHAPTER 9 MANAGING DIVERSITY AND WORK–LIFE BALANCE
CHAPTER 10 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 11 LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 12 EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT AND CAREER MANAGEMENT
PART 4 Rewarding people
CHAPTER 13 MANAGING COMPENSATION
CHAPTER 14 PERFORMANCE-RELATED PAY
PART 5 Contemporary issues for human resource management
CHAPTER 15 ETHICS AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 16 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 17 MANAGING EMPLOYEE TURNOVER AND RETENTION
CHAPTER 18 EVALUATING AND IMPROVING THE HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTION
Glossary
Index
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FOREWORD
I am delighted to write the foreword for the fifth edition of this leading-edge textbook in human resource management. The text is underpinned by a strategic
approach to HRM, focusing on the three-way linkage between strategy, people and performance. As the authors explain, the HRM function can be developed to
help the organisation create value and sustain competitive advantage in business. The HR function also plays a major role in initiatives that promote employee
wellbeing. Each chapter highlights the strategic achievements that have occurred within each HR topic and addresses four key challenges central to the effective
management of people: managing for globalisation, managing for innovation, attracting and retaining talent, and managing for sustainability.
Featuring an Australian and Asia–Pacific regional focus, the book examines important new areas of HR practice in depth, such as managing workplace
relations in the context of a challenging global economic and geopolitical environment, recent legislative changes, outsourcing, offshoring, work–life balance
issues, ethics and HRM, managing employee turnover and retention, and evaluating the contribution of the HR function to both individual and enterprise
effectiveness. The book opens with an analysis of the environment for HRM in Australia and then expands upon the intra-organisational aspects of HRM, such as
building HRM systems, developing and rewarding people, and identifying new directions for HRM.
This text continues to appeal to a wide audience. The analysis of current academic knowledge and major areas of HRM practice provides an informed
handbook for students, academics and practitioners. The text could easily be used in an undergraduate or graduate HR unit, or as a comprehensive HR handbook
for managers. For instructors, the text includes numerous pedagogical features such as extensively updated case study material that provides a sound basis for
teaching; and for students, it successfully reinforces the link between theory, practice and critical thinking. All users will be engaged by the highly relevant cases
that appear throughout the book, by the web-based case studies contained in every chapter and by the rigorous intellectual approach that the authors have taken
to the subject, linking key HRM concepts and theories to the outcomes of empirical research.
Peter J. Dowling
Life Fellow AHRI, Fellow ANZAM
Professor of International Management and Strategy
La Trobe University
Melbourne
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Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd
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Enquiries should be made to the publisher via www.mcgraw-hill.com.au or marked for the attention of the permissions editor at the address below.
National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Title: Human resource management: strategy, people, performance/Robin Kramar … [et al.].
Edition: 5th ed.
ISBN: 9781743070536 (pbk.)
Notes: Includes index.
Subjects: Personnel management—Australia.
Career development—Australia.
Human capital—Management.
Performance.
Other Authors/Contributors:
Kramar, Robin.
Dewey Number: 658.300994
Published in Australia by
McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd
Level 2, 82 Waterloo Road, North Ryde NSW 2113
Publisher: Kate Aylett-Graham
Development editors: Ailsa Brackley du Bois, Melina Deliyannis
Senior production editor: Yani Silvana
Production editor: Tamiko Rex
Permissions editor: Haidi Bernhardt
Copyeditor: Rosemary Moore
Proofreader: Jess Ní Chuinn
Indexer: Russell Brooks
Design coordinator: Dominic Giustarini
Cover design: Anne Hayes
Internal design: Lauren Statham
Cover image: Oregan Macro Photography
Typeset in AGaramond Pro-Regular 10/14pt by diacriTech, India
Printed in China on 70 gsm matt art by CTPS
Photo credits:
pages 4 , 112 , 145 , 174 , 488 , 524 , 553 , 577 , 614 , istockphoto.com
pages 53 , 91 , 208 , 242 , 284 , 370 , 411 , 450 , Shutterstock.com
page 320 © Sergey Nivens—Fotolia.com
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ABOUT THE ORIGINAL AUTHORS
Each member of the US Human Resource Management author team has extensive experience both in the teaching and in the practice of human resources, and their
expertise has earned them the respect and acclaim of their peers. Collectively the authors have published scores of articles and books, and served on the editorial
boards of leading publications, including the Academy of Management Journal , the Journal of Applied Psychology , the Journal of Management, Personnel
Psychology , and Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes .
RAYMOND A. NOE is the Robert and Anne Hoyt Professor of Management at Ohio State University. He is a Fellow of the Society for Industrial and
Organizational Psychology, and winner of the 2000 American Society for Training and Development Research Award.
JOHN R. HOLLENBECK is Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Business Administration at Michigan State University, East
Lansing. He was the first recipient of the Ernest J. McCormick Award for Distinguished Early Career Contributions to the field of Industrial and Organizational
Psychology.
BARRY GERHART holds the Bruce R. Ellig Distinguished Chair in Pay and Organizational Effectiveness, is Director of the Strategic Human Resources Program
at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and has worked for organisations including TRW, Corning and Bausch and Lomb.
PATRICK M. WRIGHT is Professor Thomas C. Vandiver Bicentennial Chair, Darla Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, and has consulted
for such companies as Whirlpool, Amoco and the government of the state of North Carolina.
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ABOUT THE AUSTRALIAN AUTHORS
ROBIN KRAMAR (PhD, University of Sydney) has been keenly interested in issues associated with people in the workplace for more than 30 years. She was
recently Deputy Dean and Professor of Management at the Australian Catholic University. She has held academic positions at a number of universities, including
the University of Rennes 1, the University of New South Wales and University of Sydney. Her current role includes lecturing to postgraduate students and
coordinating the Human Resource Management discipline. Robin's research and consultancy specialities currently focus on strategic human resource
management, diversity management and sustainable human resource management. She has been part of the Cranet network on International Strategic Human
Resource Management since 1995. This Network conducts research on human resource management practices in more than 40 countries.
TIMOTHY BARTRAM (PhD, La Trobe University) is Professor of Human Resource Management in the La Trobe Business School at La Trobe University.
Timothy teaches undergraduate and graduate students strategic HRM, employment relations and high performance work systems. His consulting experience
includes projects with the Commonwealth Government, industry and professional associations, non-government organisations, trade unions and public sector
health services. Timothy's research activities have culminated in the publication of more than 50 articles in refereed journals and over 50 refereed conference
papers. Timothy's research has appeared in leading international academic journals such as the Journal of Management Studies, Journal of Advanced Nursing,
British Journal of Industrial Relations, Human Resource Management Journal, International Journal of Human Resource Management and Relations
Industrielles. Timothy is currently the co-editor of the Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources and associate editor of Management Research Review .
Timothy's current research interests include strategic HRM, employment relations and high performance work systems in multinational enterprises and public
sector health organisations.
HELEN DE CIERI (PhD, University of Tasmania) is a Professor in the Department of Management at Monash University. From 2004 to 2011 she was Director of
the Australian Centre for Research in Employment and Work (ACREW). Her teaching experience includes appointments in China, Hong Kong, Malaysia and the
US. Helen teaches undergraduate and graduate students in HRM, strategic HRM and international HRM. Her research and consulting experience includes projects
with private and public sector organisations in Australia and overseas. Helen's research has appeared in leading international academic journals such as the
Journal of Management, Human Resource Management, International Journal of Human Resource Management and Management International Review . Helen
is an associate editor of Human Resource Management and she serves on the editorial boards of several international academic journals. Helen's current research
interests include strategic HRM in multinational enterprises, employee wellbeing and workplace health and safety.
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ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS
Mark Bray (PhD, University of New South Wales) has been Professor of Employment Studies at the University of Newcastle since 1997. He has taught
Australian and comparative employment relations, research methods and human resource management. His research has ranged from micro studies of employment
relations and human resource management in industries like road and air transport and hospitality industries to more macro studies of national public policy and
international comparisons of public policy and employment relations practices. He is co-author of Employment Relations: Theory and Practice (McGraw-Hill,
2011, 2nd edn).
Jillian Cavanagh (PhD, University of Newcastle) joined the Department of Management at La Trobe University in February 2010. She has had extensive
experience teaching in the vocational education and training, and higher education sectors. Jillian's experience as a subject co-ordinator (course convenor) and
lecturer has resulted in teaching assignments in China, Singapore, Vietnam and France. Her subject teaching areas are predominantly in organisational change and
human resource management. Current research interests are focused on the management of Men's Sheds and student retention in higher education. Jillian spent
many years as a legal practice manager and legal practice consultant.
Peter J. Dowling (Ph.D, The Flinders University of South Australia) is Professor of International Management & Strategy at La Trobe University, Melbourne,
Australia. He has held visiting appointments in the United States at Cornell University and Michigan State University and in Germany at the University of
Paderborn and the University of Bayreuth. He has co-authored a number of books including Dowling, Festing & Engle, International Human Resource
Management (6th edn., 2013), Cengage, UK.
Michelle Greenwood (MA, Boston; PhD, Monash University) is a senior lecturer in Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in the Department of
Management at Monash University, Australia. Her research focuses on ethical issues in HRM, CSR and HRM, stakeholder theory, corporate social accounting
and visual design of corporate reports, and has been published in business ethics, HRM and general management journals. She currently serves as Associate
Editor of Business & Society and on the editorial board of both Journal of Business Ethics and Business and Professional Ethics Journal .
Peter Holland (PhD, University of Tasmania) is an Associate Professor in Human Resource Management and Employee Relations, Director of the Human
Resource Management Program and Deputy Head of the Human Resource and Employee Relations Discipline in the Department of Management at Monash
University Melbourne and visiting Associate Professor at the University of Tasmania. Peter has worked in the Australian Finance industry and consulted to the
private and public sector in a variety of areas related to human resource management and employee relations. His current research interests include talent
management, employee voice, and monitoring and surveillance in the workplace. He has co-authored nine books and more than 60 journal articles, monographs
and book chapters on a variety of human resource management and employee relations issues.
Suzanne Jamieson (Doctor of Juridical Studies, University of Sydney) has taught at the University of Sydney since 1990 after a career as a senior public
servant and a trade union official. For many years she represented the National Pay Equity Coalition in national wage cases before the former Australian Industrial
Relations Commission and in the extensive litigation around equal pay for women in the New South Wales industrial jurisdiction. Her other principal research
interest is in occupational health and safety, particularly as it affects women. Dr Jamieson was a staff-elected Fellow of the University of Sydney Senate from 1999
to 2005, sat on the Operations Review Committee of the Independent Commission against Corruption until 2006, was a member of the New South Wales Anti-
Discrimination Board for 10 years and is the Director of the University's Celtic Studies Foundation. She currently holds a large Australian research grant with two
colleagues investigating the efficacy of occupational health and safety prosecutions in New South Wales and Victoria.
Nicola McNeil (PhD, Deakin University) is a lecturer in the Department of Management, La Trobe University. Nicola teaches human resource management,
organisation theory and research methods. Her research interests include the management of third sector organisations, high performance work systems and
teaching and learning. She has published in such international journals as the International Journal of Human Resource Management and has co-authored
several book chapters. Nicola is currently an Associate Editor of the Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources.
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Cec Pedersen FAIM (MBus, Queensland University of Technology) is a Senior Lecturer in Management in the Faculty of Business at the University of
Southern Queensland in Toowoomba. His main teaching areas are HRD and international management and his research interests are distributed leadership,
international tertiary teaching, and performance management. Prior to moving into academia he worked as a general manager in the public and private sectors and
has had considerable experience on boards and senior management committees.
Amanda Pyman (PhD, Monash University) has contributed to Chapter 13 : Managing compensation, from the international edition on which this book is based.
Amanda is an Associate Professor and the MBA Director in the Department of Management at Monash University. Her current research interests include
strategic human resource management, employee voice and representation, trade unions in retail, and monitoring and surveillance in the workplace. Amanda has
co-authored two HRM books and has had more than 20 journal articles published in a wide range of leading academic journals, including Human Resource
Management , the British Journal of Industrial Relations and Economic and Industrial Democracy .
Andrew Smith (PhD, University of Tasmania) is Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Schools and Programs) and Professor of Management at the University of Ballarat. He
was formerly Head of the School of Business at UB and Head of the School of Commerce at Charles Sturt University and from 1999–2002, General Manager,
Research and Evaluation at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research. Andy has a PhD in the area of enterprise training, which is his particular field
of expertise. Andy has led a number of projects in the area of workplace training and organisational innovation and change. Andy is the author of numerous
articles on aspects of employment and training and of the text, Training and Development in Australia.
Elsa Underhill (MCom, University of Melbourne; PhD, University of New South Wales) is a Senior Lecturer in Human Resource Management and Director of
the Personal Injury Management Programs at Deakin University. Before joining Deakin, she taught industrial relations and occupational health and safety at
Victoria University. Until recently, she coordinated the nationally renowned advocacy training program conducted by the Industrial Relations Society of Victoria
with the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. Her current research interests and publications encompass the occupational health and safety and return-to-
work post-injury implications of labour hire employment, including being an expert witness in prosecutions conducted by WorkSafe Victoria; building-industry
industrial relations; and changing labour markets.
Peter Waring (PhD, University of Newcastle) has qualifications in commerce, law and management and is the Deputy Chief Executive Officer and Associate
Professor at UON Singapore. He has previously held the positions of Lecturer and Research Fellow at the University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, and
Assistant Professor at the University of New South Wales Asia Singapore. Peter has co-authored three books including the best-selling Employment Relations
published by McGraw-Hill, Australia. He has also published more than 50 refereed book chapters and academic articles in leading international journals including
the Journal of Business Ethics, Corporate Governance: An International Review, Employee Relations, Corporate Governance and Personnel Review . His
research and teaching interests span the business and law fields of employment relations and human resource management, corporate governance, strategy and
organisational behaviour, and employment and labour law. He has lived and worked in Malaysia and Singapore for the past eight years.
Mingqiong Zhang (PhD in Sociology, Nanjing University; PhD in International Business, Monash University) is a lecturer in human resource management at La
Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. He has held a visiting appointment at Melbourne University. His research and teaching interests include human resource
management, international business and cross-cultural studies. He has obtained several national competitive research grants and co-authored a number of
academic articles in leading international journals including the International Journal of Human Resource Management, International Journal of Urban and
Regional Research and Urban studies .