Strangers in Blood: Fur Trade Company Families in Indian Country PDF
Preview Strangers in Blood: Fur Trade Company Families in Indian Country
STRANGERS IN BLOOD This page intentionally left blank STRANGERS IN BLOOD FUR TRADE COMPANY FAMILIES IN INDIAN COUNTRY JENNIFER S.H. BROWN UBC PRESS / VANCOUVER © UBC Press 1980 Reprinted 1985, 1990, 1996 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in Canada on acid-free paper °° ISBN 0-7748-0251-0 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Brown, Jennifer S.H., 1940- Strangers in blood Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-7748-0251-0 1. Northwest, Canadian—Social life and customs. 2. Fur traders—Northwest, Canadian. 3. Frontier and pioneer life— Northwest, Canadian. 4. Hudson's Bay Company. 5. North West Company. I. Title. FC3207.B76 971.03 C80-091104-0 F1060.7.B76 UBC Press University of British Columbia 6344 Memorial Road Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2 (604) 822-3259 Fax: 1-800-668-0821 E-mail: [email protected] This book has been published with the help of a gift to scholarly publishing made in honour of Dr. Harold S. Foley for his distinguished services to the University of British Columbia and with the assistance of the Canada Council. This page intentionally left blank Contents Illustrations ix Preface xi 1. The Backgrounds and Antecedents of the British Traders 1 2. Company Men with a Difference: The London and Montreal Britishers 23 3. Company Men and Native Women in Hudson Bay 51 4. North West Company Men and Native Women 81 5. Gentlemen of 1821: New Directions in Fur Trade Social Life 111 6. Different Loyalties: Sexual and Marital Relationships of Company Officers after 1821 131 7. Fur Trade Parents and Children before 1821 153 8. Patterns and Problems of "Placing": Company Offspring in Britain and Canada after 1821 177 9. Fur Trade Sons and Daughters in a New Company Context 199 References 221 Index 239 Photographic Credits Plate 7 is reproduced by courtesy of the Rare Book Room of the Northern Illinois University Library, DeKalb, and is from Louis Armand de Lorn d'Arce, baron de Lahontan, Nouveaux voyages de Mr. le baron de Lahontan dans I'Amerique Septentrionale, vol. 2 (The Hague, 1703). Plate 8 was fur- nished by Edgar S. Oerichbauer, Archaeologist, the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Madison. Plates 9, 14, and 18 are from the iconographic collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Plate 10 is from Charles Bert Reed, Masters of the Wilderness, Chicago Historical Society, Fort Dearborn Series (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1914), opp. page 58. Plates 11, 12, 19, 22, and 23 are from the privately owned lantern slide collection of the Rev. Egerton R. Young, courtesy of the Rev. H. Egerton Young, as are the cover illustration and plates 1-6. Plate 13 is from a steel engraving in the J. M. Longyear Research Library of the Marquette County (Michigan) Historical Society; the original oil painting is in the Glenbow- Alberta Institute Museum, Calgary. Plates 15, 17, and 21 are from the Provincial Archives of Manitoba. Plate 20 is from Beckles Willson, The Life of Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal (London: Cassell, 1915), opp. page 272. Plate 16 is from Sketchbook 44 in the Frank B. Mayer Papers, Ayer Collec- tion, the Newberry Library, Chicago. Illustrations Map p.x following page xvi Plate 1. Norway House in the late nineteenth century 2. Meeting of fur traders during winter travel 3. Indians arriving at Rossville mission 4. Bull Bear and squaw 5. Winter camp: shoeing the dogs 6. Children at mission school following page 152 Plate 7. Lahontan's map of northeastern North America, 1703 8. Floor plan of NW Co. cabin 9. HBC brass tokens 10. Meeting place of the Beaver Club, Montreal 11. Portaging a brigade of York boats 12. Evans family en route to Norway House 13. Canots de maitre on Lake Superior 14. Voyageurs in canoe in front of Fort William 15. Page from Fidler's notebook 16. "Winter dress of Red River half-breeds" 17. James Bird, Jr. (Jemmy Jock) 18. Augustin Grignon 19. Chief Jacob Berens and his wife 20. Isabella Sophia Smith (nee Hardisty), Lady Strathcona 21. Alexander Kennedy Isbister 22. Winter travellers with sleds 23. Late nineteenth century Indian dwelling
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