Storia universale. Roma. Dalle origini all’età repubblicana

490 Pages·2004·15.375 MB·Italian

by  Robert M. Ogilvie, Michael H. Crawford

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ROMA
DALLOER IGINAIL L'ERTEÀP UBBLICANA
ROBERMT. 0 GILVIE
LEO RIGIDNIIR OMA
MICHAEHL.C RAWFORD
ROMAN EL'ELTÀR EPUBBLICANA
PRESENTAZIONE
diE VA
CANTARELIA
Neip irmsie cdoellsilu ava i tRao,m fauu ncai ttàm-osntcaahrtio­
caU.n ' orngiazizoacnziet tasdumlio ndaede llllpoeo legriesc vhaeale,
dierg,o vneartdaau nm agsitratoev iuitnzaiiilcroloe, xS .uf li nei drel
VI secaoC.l.(oa l dtartaaid oinzèai l5l1e0 a C..)u llt'rieml,eo' t rusco
TarquiPnrisicavo e,n cnaec ceiR aotmoa ndniuevn eraep ubblIiglco a­.
verno veanfdnfaeit aod u mea gistarnantui(a cilo in is)co,hla elt er­
mindee llloacro a rriipscoan dedvealino oar to Ntiac.q ruone uoavse­
sembploepleoa rei q,au evsetnern oae titbruaintcpiho et eriu ncvaho el ­
tas ptetavaaimn aogs itriapltot ie:dr ice o ndaarnaenm ortaed,e sem­
pios,i naqo u emlo mepnrteor toigdvaearl e xv,e nanteit bruail'tlaos ­
sembclehai amcaotmaic zeinoit autSroeè. e ccievpsoas lrardeid emo­
cartizz,aè p zeiroanvleetcrrohoc e o,ln ar p eubibcliar ,mo ansie ntirono
dia vecro nquilsalt iabteiord teifàni,tc actolanac ittaandzCiain.vi s
romanus ssouncmoi, t tramodain:neo or qau elsaft oar mcuolcnau i
esvsain talvala onaroppo a rtenaue nn' zoarn gizazazipoonlei tica che
davlao drior eip trteirt oigdvaice i tt,a dnsionunid dLiart peiu.b blica
garnatiqvuae ssttaso.Mt au giaàp aret idIIraIsl e caoC.l. o i lset itu­
ziorpneuib bleincatarornneio nc riiL.se ntammeain ntees ortaeb,i lmen
Romsaai vòv idai vteaenur np rinpcai·tep o ouin i mp.e ro
Sonqou eism toim ednetlsilt aor roimaa tnraaggi tattneie diu tee sti
-orma,si piu bòe dnie r,d u«elc ais»csi inm atercihase,o ntou tttorraa
ip idùi ufsmfia nuida isl torrmoiaan aad otntealutlniei s vieatrnàg lo­
sasnsi-o fimratdiaR obMe.rO tgil iveM iec hHa.Ce rla fwrodI.pl ri mo
soic cudpeal lrg'eieamt,aà nroanc conta plarate i srdtafonlor­liaa a
dazio,tn reaidoinmzaelnfitses anteal5 3 a 7C. . C ominccoiinral ge no
diTa ruqinPirisac iol, pdriermieoe turscPheiOr.g l iviien,f aRtotmia,
divneeun nac itgrtaàza igeEl ritu s(cphleiur ci o,n tiorind uealctlia­
vilvtiàl lan)o.v iana
VIII Presentazione
InflitrataRi osmiaa p artdiarlel ad eVflIi sIne ec gollEiot ,rc uhsi -
ubraniegrs atnidi igne gerin idurlai-ctirfo arsmoanruon i nsideim e
comuniteàar,s tqasutiaanal qo u emlo mento iRnuo nma«a an,z io­
ne», Osgiclrviiedev i,ee dveiratuo an a nsuoocvciaoe stmào pmoil­ita,
litaromgreannitzeze ra itcanc ealq,lu aas liietn ergvaanico a rattedrie l­
lac omponiengndnetiaee q uedlellcilo pamo neenttrceua s.
Crawfordc,lo lengdaocsorin oogiclameanltfleia n dee lsltou ddii o
Ogilv(hicese ci o ncclouindrl ea ccdoenslta ocd ciRo o maad o pedreai
Galnle3il9, 0aC . .c)ci,o ncdeau,t trrsaisov e ecdoellriple uab ibclsai,­
no al mioncm u,eci notAnou gustpoup,rer manefnordmoal meinnt e
viltieas titrupezuibobnlii cacniedò,fi a t tcl'oo i mmip.ner o
Sonio ,s edeclorllepuaib blsieccao,l diia dvevennsiiem d eigu nret­i
reS.u pli ainnot erensovs,ei d osnidona ll'lie'psnliozsidioeo lnolpe­a
posiztiraipo anrtei- zgliai r icsrttaiocchide fi,at teoar,n ios ovleiri cit­
tad-inei i epcslelbudesaiil,v l iapt oal ictuivice an,i vnageantoai n ­
chfeon damentaplriiv adNteiliri 5.4t0 a t C..i u n'p aposciotmam issio­
ned id ieucoim ,i nDieic empvuibribicll,òce e lDeobdriiTac vioe l,c he
avrerbodb oevuctoon cei dliuio eadr rinfaic,e nadloc cunocenei sosanii
plebmeani pe:pu rael laoq ruae vsetnicn oen cdeisspo ssoau rnae p apr­
tene(nuotn 'e ap partteena)el' nlalotdrrionI ecl. o nubi(aulc mpa acità
dic otnrarrei utsaneu ptviaal,ade i lreetg tiimmaot rimvoenninoe)
concseosnlseo4ol 4 5 ,d oploac accdieadite ace mdvapilril ,e biCsac­ito
nuleUina ot.dt pioa cificiapmzoirottneace,nh p ee raltirmop eindloì n
rigseoerpr, itùa rddii ,riu orlcito eniftlti.
Supli adein roa oppretsriit, le raep ubbfluis gcenaa dtaua n s usseguirsi
incesdsgiauer nret,ae lt e mrindee lqleu ali saRiffo emrmacò o mpeot enza
chdeo minnaovsnao llt1oa lmiaai ,Mle ditaenrero.su iaLrre ais stibile
asecs(aiv trtisoauL ia tinne4il97,4- 9p6er sislloa gRegoi lqluoi,sn udii
Vieenvtein)in tneeo rrtnte3al9 0d au ne evnttroua mtaiicG oa:l claaitl,i
daNlo dra clo manBdreon ndsaia, cgg cihaeRnoom Sau.p teraail cuni an­
ni gradvice ri si, riluasp ceacìrli ttarrt ioràp e dnersieri, c ominpcoilòi ­la
tidciac oniqtsuat:ra le a lretg ureerp,a rticoilpmaormretnqatuneet lel a
cotnrioS anncihtei3 ,1n 8en,lep ier sdseilc lee leFborrhcieC audiinne­,
flsisoea riR omalan pii cùo centelo ordc eolnfitletM ea.a lfilnaeR oma
pigeòa nclhare ei tssendeiz fiaer ic apmanIinv.a ,ni onsomlemp aop,o la­
ziointia lcieccrahreod niopo po rsRio:me aar p ifùor te.
Giusteaa,mq eunetsotpoo spCirrawtforo,dp arldai« m ipre>oe>« mi­
perialrimosamnoRo»o. m a unnoifinc lat1 alliaca o,n quliase gtea- e
Presentazione
IX
monziza. Ii tpaoplpedioroclnilio al oirdoe nptairtnlàota, u tltali i n­
guad evii ntcoiirv,e ongnion ogblantemilo ndeno e lclual tduiRo­r a
maS.o neoeg moniznzosanot mtie,ts oqsueil:cl uoai ps iranèl oac itta­
dinarnmozaan a, vcatonanggi p isi coelm oagitceiric ahnleedi e vria­
noe, poqiucehnséot vnai elnoecr oon cpeesarst atr elmnaue ovgounero­
ra Rao m(a09 a C..)
Inarrteaseb,Ri olmsapi nglese u mei efr uoird elplean isleoc liat:t à
gerchCea,r taSgionleil.te adctaolc liatd tiTàa ra ntoP,i rrredo e,'El pil­
ros,ab rcianI a tliDaop.oa verprie tutasmcfieotnnttiReo o mamnuio ­
ve vleaSr iscoii lsliu oaob: i eètq tuiedvliobl aott eirC ea rgitnaeesf oin ­
daruen am onareclhiliseant Miacn ae.2l 57 v iesncefo intatB oe ne­
venOtrmoa.i Rèop morai etvtearltsacao o nqudieMslet dai atneerro.
Alt ermdienlgelur ere ep unhienc,eè l ap adornaM.al e'noremset en­
siodneteie trriocrio nquèiu sntdoae ftiati t cohrcieo nutirsicbaom neot ­
teirnec rilsari epu bblDiifficcai.cl oenl cieial res truept otluircthiec he
avrebdboervouc toont seiel rnpaa rptaezciipoopnoaelr aegl ov erno( ela s­
semleebc)o unn n umeorc oessìt deics iot tdaidesimsniini antt eriri tori
lontPaennrio .n lpaadrreepi or bledmoiv auidti is adcicc heoerrn aov e­
nuti tceomnap oi ctlora pnpoerra is enatoerquii (tgroelisingi aria­
men«tacev iael,rid »ivepnouuitn si o rdti«a on ibltdair» i ccchhaeiv­ ,e
vanaoc quisltoparaotit omr oign riia ez caomlme cripoor,i baiist eon a­
toreai l',pla padletlor liasi coodnseesl ilem ptoe.Fs) uq uedsitcsoca ordo,
dicCrea owrfdc,ha ep rlìas traadC ae aser eu nta i dpiog overnoc he
supaevrlaei stitruepuzbibonlneiia,c pr eandloas traad aud nip soti­
smos,ip au irul mlino,ac tomfuep oqiu edliAl uog usto.
Ma veniaalmol a qudeifso ntdioCo.on mese pi engoaO gilivee
Crwafordc,hv iu oslc rievl era sdtiRo ormimaao ancrhiecr epau bblica­
nad evaeff ronutnpa orrbele mbae:n ppoecnrho deni, pr oec hi,ts rsai me
lef ontdii dcipusoin isaomncooo v eea galvi venicmhpeeen rtaial itur­o
tanaro i cosPterruq iuraenr.ti og ualerop derase ti ocrhipe r,i mo roma­
nic hsec rios sserlat odreillalo acr ioft urtnoào Q .F abiPoi tet,ao lrfila­
ned eIIls ecaoC.l,. o u en gae neiroapnzietù a rCdait oinVelec c hiMoa.
quetie-s tapi rceisnddearllelo aar tot eintdàisb-oinalon dpaetdriut i,
cocsoìm lead ocumenutffaizciicoaonlese t idtaulrileest gtaizra iodein i
princeievpnabtleiil dleinico imd,ief iun zioannanriui ea,d lfien omeni
natluciro ansaitidipme orrtaannctdhiaep l u ndtivo i srtegialo isepo o ­
lit(eile ccol pieserss ipe,im .oC )hiamAantnea lMeasx imqiu,e rsetgei ­
stirazoannin uifia,n loa1 l30a .Cv.e,n ifvatatndeoap lo nitfemxa xi-
Presentazione
x
musc,a pdoe l ocs oalcdleoertgdaielepi o ntifeiderc aneoesp s,o satl'ele ­
sterndoe ldlai modriqa u esstut ia,v iomleb ia(natcbautldeae ea l­ba
ta)ep, e ers esp eorcio nrsveanteega lcrih iEv iua.n c erptuono vt ennero
riaeblàoetr peu bblMiac caotmegei. deà t tsoo naon daptederu tAel.le
scanrnoet cihzeeis eds aiv aantnots iepreor aglltir osle t ocopriuecirci ei
sonpoer veniuvtcieop ,mr eTstioLo i vMiaoL .i vsitoeer sas oc onsapevo­
led id isepdo firron tciot nrtaas,na tpliu ndtagio u ngesrpee aslsloa con­
cliuosnepesl,i citdaimcehnitcaehrl eoa' stcau,cr hietc àoc nidriaf avtat i
antiecrthaa ile dcao nnsogenlnd itir i ircosctorcnuet irezzral.i
Lefo ntleit terianriseo vmamnaun toi lciozcnzaa tuteelv aa,n ancoc o­
staeit tnee agtrdea lfonlet air cheoMlaos giluclphaeo .s sidbici olnieot­sàc
rae ttrrsaqovu eesutlet iif amtetc ihri es gaonloa leplo'cpai aùn tiqcuaa,n ­
doa nrcano oenr daif ufsas criltuatr as,o nsota avtain nzoapnto icd huib ­
bi.v alIodlroe c umednetriaet rismioa t earil(ira ricictnhie gullit ainmnii
dai mpaonrtritniv entiièmi) efn antotggeit dtivo a lutcaoznitornais tanti.
Traf ontleit teerr aioritvera meacnrhteio lvoigi cssiepo sncsooo n rvgeenze.
Ir etsi mduraia crairccehetene mesnctopees rutPlia ltainneos onuon
espeimcoo,cs oìm ieril t orvameanG taob ii cdopip daue nlals VIeIIoc ol
aC..c olna apnitùsi crictati ang er cOol.t ari enc daeilr a'lltiov ello cul­
turarlea ggiuond taq uesta criittortvàa,m esqneutmeobis rnatafto ct oin ­
frmearieral c coanl'tlaoapp ernzleagge ndadrii oP lusteacroicnqlodu ,oa ­
leR omoo lsvair eabnbdeaa st cou (oPllau tRaormcooo6,l) ,.
Mac omaec cneanvalmoeopi niionmn ait ersioand oie vrsdea: un
catnov,iè c hi ricthqieue annseui l dliqa u essttoaar criaaip coase ssa­
serceo nos(cEimuiGtlaoib obR ao,m aa rcasitcoaer:s i taoo rgirafia,
RomEad,zi ionsit oedrle iit aat etaru,2r 000,)d a'lallvtièri an vcehcie
crecdhgeera zaile'l ucsriot dieclnolu eos vceo paerrtceh iecoshlieopag o s­
sibriciloesi traruen alitiqcuapemeler nieto edi oifid cearnietnl u ecodl i
veristtào crihcea connetmiei netnu iet loll eegng de(eA dnreCaaa rndi­
niL,an ascdiiRt oam aD.è iL,a ruio,m ianl'illa bau ndaic iviltà,
TorinEoi,n a1u9d97i ,G ei orndaisl cea vpoe:n sisepraird siui n
archeolToorignooE,,i nau2d00i.0, )
Schemattiesc,pia u mdòei ncrhele ad ievregnzdaio p inivoenrsitu e
quepsutnoo:tl an asciRtoamf audl ei's idtiuo np rocdefisor smoa zio­
neof uu na tdtfioon daz?iO ovnveiatmene,on ènq uelsast eapd eeer n ­
trarneem le rdietdloi batBtatisetraoàv. e ravcicn eatnole:n uosvceo ­
peratreec ohgliocihmep oonndgoir pi enspaorrbele amiffri no taitnqi u e­
stvoo lume.
INDICDEE LV OLUME
PARTEP RIMA LEO RIGINDII R OMA
l. Introdusztioorniec a 5
II.L ef onti 8
Lef ontlie tteer:Dai roidoSrioc uDlioo,n diigA il icarnasso, Livio,
QuintFoa biPoi ttore,i VlCe actcohnCieio c,en re-oLaq uestio­
ned egAlin neasMl axi-mLia g eneraziinoetnrem edViaal:e rio
AnziaetL ei ciMnaicor eol at ipizzadzipi eornseao gngeir uo-li
Laf ormaziocunlet udriaD lieo gnidi iA licamaLsasf oi g-udria
Liveil oas uac oncezionset odreilal.a
IIIL.a' rridveogE ltir uschi 23
L'urbaneseitmrou seci lso u oi mpatstuRo o ma- Lat raosrfma­
ziodnee'l raledae Flo r-oL'nigegneirdiraai uc-laL'eolvuziaoln­e
l'epdoicT aar uqiniiSlou per-bImo itdiif 0ndazidoenlecl iat tà:
EneeaR omoleRo e mo-Testimonsitaonrzieeca hrec heologiche
suE nefaon datodriRe o ma deia ltcriete ttàr us-cLhraee ligione
roman-a Martdei,v insiutpàr emnae llRao maa rcai-cIal
pantheeotnr u-sLc'ooi rgienter usca dOit tGiiMmoaovs es i-mo
Leo rigdienlil a cerdietmlro inoinaIf lco a l-endaarrciaoi co -La
primoar ganiizozndaeez lels'erc-Riatom neTsi,t ies e Luceres ­
L'nitroduzdieognolepi l -iItlsi istdeima aru rolamento.
N. Nascdiiut naan azione 44
Laf uisoneet rusco-rocmaasndoae :l ilneis le ginset ituzei onali
queldleola ll'featb-oL'origdiennieo mdie lgleetn eLs'-ograniz­
zazione asroccai-iaclLaeaC uri-Laa c la-ssTirsi bù urbane e
trirbuùs ti-IclSh een a-tIPo atrLeafs or-maziodnipe a trizei ato
ple-beP atreoc nlii entes.
v. ServTiulol io 57
L'origdiennleo meT arquiend ieonl o meS ervTiuol l-Lieod i­
storsdieolnslita oo rgirarfoimaa n-Laap olitiacmaa ldgia mazio-