Table Of Content

Wall Building ba SSpSrcHLinEnaalases Building Advisory Service and information Network Stone Walls in Mountainous Regions Introduction Sine i ext often on ha ‘ays Thm ols dsl the il) sea sons sabe a ep to sae of te a nypmerts Tks ‘sod also nthe este ishnet Toca ste sop val and tas sep He wall ng co Stone recoureas Location profile The come estes othe is sable pre sae fer pr the madera Spats mpi Tin toc en tian hott store is concen tio ash ioe essences he Lion Piensa apolimg 8 tanner ot sven aves ech infu soul Sasi, inne, somes aa or tees TE the stunergs tend eee, aero ake, These are ie ee by dl sod, as siking stocked ely vessel ut Nowerpor Toe Feweelneye ma he soe chal Fignee 3 Resa atl some varies shoal be soided. Ser fing We sume, scoking in mate fora few cus ll also gies much information bout barunes, coherence and pero Highly porous’ sores wil incre in swe even Ea mens on lays, ich Too stoi when dy, and can dst rate Suritgsoscng. Linssoae reeks = fetter kad er cualky imss-ons, oF eay samy eres Ccecrabiigy and jointing re impor fers. gove wenkabiiy. ohite-pe nd hummer, misoa's hammss oe chil will inate eling deta, ost ing changes ei besser by som: fing thea" 9 the sone th freshly broken vertios In regina inset prime reso es urgel ae soy imestors yesh eae soso nat onthe, the 3 ‘ad bots beng tural Ht Applications, tie prperon ore constuction the Fovrenins st he sabi of wal, se bs plamnirg, ses a tne domain, leet Soe Fowidatics Acconci dain he shape of he hous, ‘emped dove, a than odie by se rials ay ng euldes af ge snes, ossihly ped by an st cst eink huss ad it shed stones Una pe Slscted peter, The hundtin Wal shove the foundation seating om as bs of soured ceactet tazhe" ih ary Sons matte. Sangh aff oundaien ie increas by slestng and saci. he sores with 4 miimam of canto 6 worn and apsing, he pvinies of ryoall ling. slight nc ane af the stoves ted the seate ase the ater lysis of the swuctve Lean sche themoties ineteaing ii: ‘Gand dainage shanks sould bs bat secu the Fre and iad vi stall ave oll ain water toca ft Ang suri: aove grcund ens be of the serie suai stecte the foundation ead funda wal. Fis a scosary to always examine the suse td pieund wate avel fa avid fern tial teemese ane alga tense th sa bilty of te abseil whicy eg shold not bs alfectd by a loses ser it a sur oun il it, Baccfil 01 he base. ste mey cequre po-oaselication, Ay perfonanescexodis cP neiphowin Teundatons ae mpnar: tet ‘The dap of the foenéaton stip and thickness ofthe fount mn wll oper fn ie essence of silo rook, en oa the ase! for aoestion ton han e tc eftsts do se variations in casa Jhumidiy- Foundasen wally resting Sraight on the sroand wih varabe Srerth ofa factra, 2 to tele ‘al setdenent, he rsze sn wal ih Hepler masses oven on for ysl Ging sil. Fats 2p bepravertoc by sening the fase fountacon walls far ah ej Weight iesiotin of he er ae ove te sos, Poor reise: fof soilsk is enor ease of was! Setlerient since mil al sil, whe lie ook ead grave. aro compe ander pres slement ces an seolam if eiform and of shallow cepih, wid the relate Soskion of the cate 96 che stmt “ining need the bases te tune are invariably mde wher Mer the ‘perincumbent reset naar the ste ‘iy by dsubutieg ths lead eran aca teint Inge for cafey wiht {he posure ea for eunserscing alr. cepeially whew foundation “do ast ‘ach the bedrock Ie sue wound, the ailing i esaly pt up ante took I the beds snot ou al imi 338 tne read ie = Sil base, I sound and wane the ‘ves some oot set a em imal hase “dmetly onthe Furron: ting, po ably woth are la, Te use cally quid stone is most ce omic. Lhe design ef funtion als fn sve send ws sould eae a ‘ele of tailebi stone shages nd es. A mend apove in sor 28 Soncrle footing or a reinfvecd ring beam e9 top a he Toondation wl bemereexpedione thar tying 10 mater rales shupe stone. fe pes of Peron © Puunsaton iz senses: 30-80 em 4 ep and wer thant planned walls Shove ate sutciet hare th ait oad less ta the practice sstne> ihe so © Founiaioms yah toednsss tess snl says be der ta the el Tove so tt th Hie can be spread ewe: “The ae ef the each, che weigh of th incumbent stucire and emvi-onnsit facies Dekeie the need for cane For 2 conpacted Suse of elvey sil of vwthvor without one, sting ue slike fort one oe stave Dung. Sore vwrses Seow” end k= sie tof the all a regune a ch aenten yviise couse ey fins ne eat bur any ots cas, To canple the london i eveled ssi Ten sone sibs of but 2m6 Uhieknes, As sh fabs ane mot aay salible, oe voripkste Ws sane with sivas ee hs ee a take i Tevsths of ue than #9 em, a ere ‘aan cone Hell 23 9 $0 es thik ist lake le loves tone couse This is especialy imporast and should lays he wnsisene in eenteaeprone fas. Adan pot esime soe sud ovl sass rec need © Resin als ese serve to Resp fase zw, Sil, il ate aed For iy, These als preserve com thar lols fr ri vines oe eta erosion, wah nn one lave expe Such alls sively vo at exe noe eign Mbit des evithoat rosa} the usally fev tees of abba 23-90 ems, Reining sll ‘oa be bul wth dso, (© Fee sn wale these ane sls which have te laces exposed. Ts conatinsi ofthe Fst soars eure fav alla, shy or squared suns Is Fay sign fonworh Rss rub ques “oninesn” sh ovine er Contin om he dour say ke soeing fl se ate uf ma Rott Toles Stones wet tages om he fusile. sel at tis ree ales Fo de patente wal and Se ne ues. Bip sues st eae re vant sling yen ck ook hen Tiger sions ne vse higher up ca te It onsraie snes, eperly tre Bularslires so wi racer ribs, Fer Solid st ibe Iwikling wore ense on Fhomone se ofthe all. the consist sae "eng" and lone fas ose sa tie, Filing in ‘ston the fees fe suai a the sculore "ses. Tfl jus aya of packing mak fal it sot te wal tte. "ches iver deta ys the ages oa Le erfore ness oad “the alt fetlot This ie ehiewed by vans lone anon somes, shih ae sel ate dng Sorting, when a siete forte fina fare diesiod These "Wri lanes are nesessaiy in overy other wuts. They a Ting ‘owing ans ta sl sits fr then cy arspornne nhs wall ness Te ‘els regirs small and naitow tenes. Larger snes shuld hs sed fs higher wall Whether to use ol Ml ae stn for het wetion al svete bier Fut ones for he wal ecu ere ble, The fat i rica anal see sient may sed ersksin he cues ours. Depand nga the rane a the Seal undo the foto, gular si es pois her anv than Vs Undersice Wall comes mae sor rar en llores aye cach i Compose walls nay nan Several ma tetas aor thst iy 2, vw and meet, various ste nutes sch poles and Hrokon lhe alin 8 se Ee ins etre. The ltl {Craton nf he hank ne syste Foul ar blocks sae of sie vse as ar es pla af a ie Fing on he ous id the exo ma fase, This icone the Mile Et Walle tnd t9 supp each, ee ally when eneosing 2 space The rs Tram hicknes, ene for the sai my increases with the wall leeth. Te le rater Sie steugth of the simon fe spect in biwse wal the Tel Yareus sing ob Dotdiae cers fommpenite Tar inadesuacis in tn Sree Seer mde via esl Wall Building stata raninnrers Technical Bret Building Advisory-Service and-information-Network The Use of Natural Slabby Stone Deposits for Wall Construction Introduction i= The sn busing Their ava unfoiy hich fant ables depos lacking in Slabs sons The tm “Ab, egially ay massive scoanguler sad te las, espe fs the st fore plcemest Apa trom it te or sain hs c id 5 rine, a¢ paying nts to ead lls "known as acing ssc Identifications of deposits Sled accur in ausrops Faye as thin A depo ipncoms, met red mentary. Levee sb tepa sitscen dominate tera anthem ha facie and eavioament of fase in lin sccenestucres, etn tion wall. paths tof eal slay crops covered in ine hs rial v= se_noe only cnnvenient Flows 2: Nea by ving Rc ia snes od ets the rs sta fanis aad speificaors. Dep sr ary-cortruton sie, hive prowl 0 be ne most esavancal, Toca available suing maze a. Peper tienes of Slay sonee me tensa 2 pul Extraction and shaping Any overburden, whan ie ipso, Sct fe sterol anally ee tam wth aller to evo orshing hin ove lyers,uiies a whose stovelde 2's alate The pens af esis spit ing i somstines celled he alt 3s a she am the ecstinn af esis si yf Hrewe as che sift, which is mae Haly 19 be idonitiod 33 igneous cocks San co limestone er othe sximentary oaks evering 0 the quary ave eatwe ofthe Teyr, Fly paring sas ep Sed ene thera, fy evenple in Le Rife, Argeaing, where colts Santon lbs o7 2 6 7 ont fskness steed Fortier lens sombars ern Inger ‘alison, Thee Slabs are spared by eats] wedges ead manips to eke fe hist use of th natal propsties he store. Goneally the cae is as Sueseseftl wer “he weigye is equal an tosh sides nt the wedge sting up ih ithe thicker bes fd pong shhh ‘eye herb The deol bs Sol ees eal aves bere possi sn sido weskes the ow il te fun ait ans he wes Ste, sing uneven Drak, Whore ails ee the wp shuld bo peels east a of is ferarh ia tho hale, ui <o reser rari the Foti, lay smn Mone shoul feito tat th bole 18 of wees wotks 8 ane, Fis are suid blows ane inporent extn Shoe fsklumners sue vaavsie ba Tes cau rade witha void stint eo Tr abet (cas Tous, ane. sharpened t= ens og, the baraniva, ar with inne ails rains ke asia sad Shade spoee uy the ling Hols jesing Sha doh 22 Sopeniom on hn ass the materia spi varies fom quay ta quay To guide the Tne af acting Atasvey, depaning 0 ths manus of ‘hosts mute, steagre! is a 200 aca groms ave pene fr tag Iraaks reton Se a ine of oles would ‘aks rote ss hay ting) These an cagce ith a bane al shel The oo age 6h ty, it i td fir than the cps the ekg ge. Wego in may size re wetnly the sin tl For pling stew or det stig soa ses Ey ection i ht onl rks joi sis, ry ose de a paring hb, Jn 40 p om thick shy ser 2 hae prove of pieatout 10 te 18 eas dee, hace ng the lus length of fe Dork ta be si. The pts lined th sens, kts of tne Stall wedges, resthen tse These te gel RB ‘tig slehsanes wl Le sone Solis, Ching eontingoas sve ues fv foweper ae bog the ai “phins Mls sy fst ex seus and ie chasing fnaty cut, Where ave, pps, ese Slee tha the ie abel eat ftepe: scesponding othe ph tow gay need inset ols, easy Nats rie ne Ful oesins 3 bisem oon: sel i beter ex ae le nov he le sira! soe wale ee fete th sane by guillotine Dressing Slabs ‘and Building Stones Sas ae shaped 9y desing rig ih ano he stated ih ise’ or hy mvEbing lh abrasive Tener sts palvle rule ae tops ard Kichen somilers te seolaly trates hy and on he id of Rist io in the Philipsnes, Counters, ol Pra wiht wars tbh Sinks sid sash haves te etn Tings in Give, Trey ad the astra oticramesn ‘si sisters Rom fa Bick prvi lt somite bute Tacades a pe ing ed ane als on in woes ls Flonring, sirasys, stops onl ping Somsuts one sab mesial bn any Stier typeof eenstustin fa foting for Teena las hw ace ad ae 0 twp mae of se, for expe. He tools af the “Feraiays, in Fr As aay tt aos ue sib Stonss has the geamowih acsanlage ver the ue of hoses ee ya sbi od ati. Sabi ones hive nid Pa! Fac aie les ong ie, Otherwise he alae sephiee for ts sein Funds is sil 1 tat used for ewlese. ok Tees) elon “Ine Boulder Cis ab vy Wine Wits sabby stone mace vie with hor sta shee, the ie lecntalogy Pigone ds ho Ri, reac oe dry 0° monte a akin, Ly ely "morihie e oe iene, ahetets ter es Ti eaey alls to ager Thine vivons stare yp and fing togctbar sity ov ry uf mea tae ‘eoks aad slugs, Uy wall ze mo Sas fe se shy als are noms 30 Sunitice i varoas feng The wall ule cigs $e Smvler te moterad sll cents, Ising ss ean shane wes Wall Building ‘he saps and cessing oF Kal sll oes depends 09 the stil °F one ‘sr a ke use ot ol of he a ‘ke Phe ou sumstnction rete far slabhy sete walls ure based om “Wig Fenner (selena) 060 eS nosis coi 1 Skeet wal thi consis of ween oles ou eames shia fom e fama Sov, ws te filed wi sn This is sls kro inte Carita sx "Spon Wali er example i vas This type ef wa, braced. Vago tuber pies, 1 an ings fam ye of seme sping sp inavise wy the Spins. The ein fo a tght i, and thin eran with sl This jvc a al i mone eae tam a masive wall are sine ce ase in farthquke ne umsane pone es. SKslelon fonies ip se winch ane feommon hesween Mirigvoue and and dis Negtes th Soa, ue ‘al upp © Counsel tp of wall: his mona ‘bie am mene vommoa in acs wth ugh seasenal tempers circ Fash ype of wall cia be ofa ystone ce hail with vin Pecuer esd fe ff als inlge vursed, reo Thesis un of ths wall is mrneé a tia me by camer stones organi. feiclse space ote ferme Francwark be filed th stones. Ir stone rit’ for nstunse st Mase in Lest then Uitsideal tras, etter sie, teukles ae eresualy tened anil a cele or ova, shape is atin To ld the all stone ot house a shown in Fi. 4 La Bits thick sad A ems wide, sore ear ho wei provide building ih pervect Mat ler, at the top er hot seri ling can Pe snide Fig 5 Stay st ago soos, ean sng with 2 poste carving the core by hand sath chs leveling. the gmove. by aing for Seog tng, lasing lbs ate i in geotened attra art snoo ee by handgrnag, oats ecangular sas of 236 m real buve abated jeine:0 ale foc spansen ans re cvs et geo ‘ron dee pe guns san oe ria, Poe te henen vor. Ling We the smoot sab i set wide to ae te pulsing before sing, Nat The ten "oe ating’, wher sed is lephasie yuri al Sesion ss Ghose trate tine iy wall to pale single leet Sells, anual a east S-moe apat si a sets apenas ae Irae th othe, ele Prt Se Many PR 986, F-Pub fiat, oes 14 prt oy Slors Peibration 1 tess Prltsser Asher Shama, Stone ei logy internal Consillant, FG os. en 91970, se Cerna Approprine Terolony cane a Hanshi Wig 1 sich S180, Desytie Esorn Feder Regus eof Beaton Phone =e 0168 79-9190 Pax AG 6198 79-7552 ia EWhatis- BASIN? ons. Z) PIE Beton gate ha iss s-ee CRATE Ln ond ae a2q7 Figure 5° Stone heave i Apiedirata near Gp, Ps ata cutis smo a pinay, Set evidences wf gi ine fe comers jan sa gies neve ef Soe. tanto cupal es aa eon Fondo fes tik inl the cores a Tullding. Hens 0 sneer sls sus 38 do titan alls curr r= ns tal wall Ive theese, Some evs ik his, widow or ene: Figs ae shew in Figure 5 Production of Building Stones shasesus ter af expen rs ahr ans “sell sir Stone shapes xe aul eonsevation ems ean be envi fv say ill Ene wall spss, Wisi20s ths ees ol isu pallor: ray he saps rn Sill Ieee quaries and esisins wise aps. any lager Iuilngs sich ts noc, ee. require av extraction wt toe Stonss Hom: gslopells pane hr xnton Swoaes roms ook ane roe wl ‘eons exact an tak sh asst, lly amaters, hcl ov heaking tating ac wel as ves jks hich tne. primaity uss fon ose the Somes, Exploitation 4? stcisidtd Sone inl colle ano the stones manuel eadiva end sein the ‘sone wth varus doves inlatin feathnioving equipmert. Fy lps Sunes, ober tsps af iting que fem be used sth plans. Beams es fo a Remeral trom re guns fe ca he 35 Wk leva bas on sfc cesar! fe edaed Rana anil, cack funnies and. mechanics jocks. bic sd fr xtng, chasing, wos Sant oller weutmens,dependiag cw the Suze of the dept, previo aad ise ‘he steplese way is vse a with a love. eros te wide enous to fines she role apart ith jacks. Whete asclablea soyeldover seal se wes rss rocks Tose, In aes eases wees fans ued. Shallow foros st be dled in the rock in ofthe wees ‘he ding fen be dons sith pein irs or plz ill an harness, jac mes oF ‘lca dll hess 6 pentane pet ‘Bic is aaa, Move rest epee felling restonisal shisels eof tbe Bobcat ypc, no usd to saben roe sein. ‘Stores a exible fw sll STP sade (20) sas snag ess vice can cut dines nes the qu: Depending an the snes ofthe Sone: tangstan cate ora nol ep tment se used. Etzel ete the se hhuntcol is prefeabe tp, who wrk ing ita rea erin an wel deve slay bast th russ Faas i sil ths nest ves le © tien squipnen, Stone Sweking onesie su spect Fs ess, Fons, shone Uh th over the aoe era hl sas fe psi Hong. basin, Ei a oe esting oe Behn Saas eae is peer Haurmsis may i chine pine at ore nd or can I wl iv camanetion if hss. The abi ts ake seh ri sin ot fe 2 ca io a are igore 5: Prt nibnical ince Mere ba Piere, Gonates, Hai suction Masonry practices he aes 10 fr Shoe srs, To te badd solidly nthe to stash ier ie the ane “woh upd dresed straight rater than Simming the wall wits sal stone poss and wo 20+ hich tend to work Ise ate the te fas a raasve walls the pi fiple oF reo-ave-one and eno pnts Hise of wesknsses ange pi the al Joonts mst evar bavs a vertical ran thnouzi tel In eases whore ne” su lent bord provided. “he sall euic foldup = eyamie sss concent: tors long te tan alps inion te theless, te longer the hes, shale De ally for excemal walls, Tae mph = ‘all, che sider ana deop2 the teesngs Should te. Tae imporanse cf "36 ng" oF bullie stonecanno: he everer= pusze, Moree esr brie veer ae lator ae tke ling te ons oF few putng ay the sas ply ty, se tse and sine at strictune requne, Ue Seal aaa 1 mone sli, ect Fonts Howes, wile hive fo be hss the eine tise te tons tables the set teen shapes ana sin. a fica the use of ures veneer. rable to sine sn che ws Moras for rear wt shoe bs Toss wet onetusion Ie gener can se shud hain Sole teh ia ke bot ‘sil fae I wey femur er sn as i eo Rene ies egine a glo n ‘esaaton for osinalsuptics. han in Isprazd stone devslopmentpioge: bat ding sones are prods Boek oo ‘small formats poten. A prolical Survey <f stone somes shall bee hye thin a clus of spony IO kar fon hs pressing ite an Iading st, Such vey naa ee aves the cet noaten a he oun of aces sere, iyi: clase wok ner ate i re smompi pene bet sa a shin Sebi: flige metamorphic ack high spitseasly = Fre sles eae cert uneven mar slogy de we ar erat of ins hy water an — "abe: wll ng ste of pula sha [SIE Fol squanes sone tage eka al: a iis walla oused, I 4 eo pene sig of one 80, tan valle and fe eck fe small reupily quan ‘Hons used in sssking Bibiograply ‘rset tons Many” PR. a 14,1895, Donel Puig, Lance ux) "Te Desclopaeat Pots of Lin sion Stoae’ {4 Shadosst, 1876 Unt ro Nations, New Yank” SEAS, usAy = 'Stons — a8 Lawoskctiw’ ¢A, Shad snon, 1996, TFPublietioas, Loa, aK) “Mode Prati) Masog" (B.War td, 1953, Dita Bons, Ler, beiat by Stone Fedsraion, Lenn OK} he Professor Asher Shatin, Stone Teh logy inerainnal Constant, P. 0. Ra TAH demsaiom $1950, Iss onsen Gate (Gena Appsoite Teche Exchange Das HaminarskiSl-Weg 1-5 Posach 31 40 65726 Eschdarn eden Republic of Germany Phone 411-6109 76-2190 Fag 440-5196 70-7382 a7) What is BASIN? ie leet es ta conan he nm ae gale RE vocrnorn SHAT cn ne et ani