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Stem Cells and Tissue Repair: Methods and Protocols PDF

253 Pages·2014·8.668 MB·English
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Methods in Molecular Biology 1210 Chrissa Kioussi Editor Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Methods and Protocols M M B ETHODS IN OLECULAR IOLOGY Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hat fi eld, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651 Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Methods and Protocols Edited by Chrissa Kioussi Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA Editor Chrissa Kioussi Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Oregon State University Corvallis, OR , USA ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-4939-1434-0 ISBN 978-1-4939-1435-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1435-7 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014945212 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2 014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is a brand of Springer Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Prefa ce The goal of regenerative medicine is to rejuvenate an aging, or a sick, body by one of the three approaches. First, its latent regenerative capacity can be stimulated in a targeted way. Second, replacement organs can be grown de novo and surgically implanted. Third, tissue can be surgically implanted and coaxed to integrate and restore problem areas. The fi rst approach will be aided by an accurate mechanistic understanding of the unique molecular process that takes place in each adult stem cell/niche microenvironment as it repairs and regenerates its corresponding tissue/organ during the normal life-span. The second approach essentially mimics embryonic development in a technologically advanced “incubator” and will be aided by an accurate mechanistic understanding of the unique cel- lular and molecular process that takes place as each organ is formed in embryos. Understanding the particulars of adult stem cell microenvironments and embryonic devel- opment is important because it will allow interventions and replacements to be designed and tested on a rational basis. Fundamental to developing this understanding is that the traditional language used to identify cell types (morphological, functional, and marker) is gradually translated into a new “language” that identifi es/defi nes each “cell type” by the network kernel that stabilizes its gene regulatory state. Vigorous basic research must con- tinue to develop suitable representations of the states and their transitions in computational models that humans can collectively refi ne across generations. The third approach is decid- edly more empirical, and like much of medicine, it addresses our desire to help those in need quickly. It will no doubt benefi t from more basic research, but it will also inform basic research by providing an immediate proving ground in a medical forum. A balanced approach between developing a basic understanding of process, developing suitable tech- nology, and taking swift decisive action will likely benefi t us most. In this sense, chapters have been commissioned on the methods used in all three approaches. The fi rst approach taps into the latent regenerative capacity of particular tissues, such as muscle (Chapters 5 and 6 ), skin (Chapter 1 2 ) , fat (Chapter 13 ) , or bone marrow (Chapter 5 ) , and organs such as teeth (Chapters 8 and 9 ), testis (Chapter 1 5 ), and hair fol- licles (Chapter 16 ) . The second approach induces and grows pluripotent stem cells (Chapters 1 and 11 ) ; drives their differentiation along certain pathways such as germ layers (Chapter 1 ) , neural crest (Chapter 7 ), liver (Chapter 1 0 ) , teeth (Chapters 8 and 9 ), or retina (Chapter 1 4 ) ; and cultures organs such as pancreas (Chapter 1 7 ) and heart (Chapter 1 8 ) from them in specifi c ways. The third approach involves various engraftment t echniques for neural tissue (Chapters 2 – 4 ). The articles themselves will provide state-of-the-art method descriptions, and the references therein will provide a suitable starting point for exploring the vast literature that has already been developed for regenerative medicine. Corvallis, OR, USA C hrissa Kioussi v Contents Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i x 1 Culturing and Differentiating Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Axel P . Gross and Chrissa K ioussi 2 Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in an Animal Model of Traumatic Brain Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Dimitra T homaidou 3 Experimental Cell Transplantation for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Regeneration: Intramedullar or Intrathecal Administration . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 Ana A lastrue-Agudo, S laven E rceg, M arta Cases-Villar, Viviana Bisbal-V elasco, R ichard J . G riffeth, Francisco Javier Rodriguez-Jiménez, and Victoria M oreno-Manzano 4 G eneration of Murine Xenograft Models of Brain Tumors from Primary Human Tissue for In Vivo Analysis of the Brain Tumor-Initiating Cell . . . . . . 3 7 Maleeha Qazi, A neet Mann, R andy v an Ommeren, Chitra V enugopal, Nicole M cFarlane, Parvez V ora, and Sheila K. Singh 5 G rowth of Bone Marrow and Skeletal Muscle Side Population Stem Cells in Suspension Culture.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 51 Christina A. P acak and D ouglas B. Cowan 6 I solation, Culture and Immunostaining of Skeletal Muscle Fibres to Study Myogenic Progression in Satellite Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Louise A . M oyle and P eter S . Z ammit 7 H uman Neural Crest Stem Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Qiuyue L iu, A ndrzej S wistowski, and X ianmin Z eng 8 D ental Pulp Stem Cell (DPSC) Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1 Federico Ferro, Renza Spelat, and Chelsea S. Baheney 9 D ental Pulp Stem Cells Isolation and Osteogenic Differentiation: A Good Promise for Tissue Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 17 Adriana D i Benedetto, Claudia C arbone, and G iorgio Mori 10 Efficient Hepatic Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Three-Dimensional Microscale Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 31 Ran-Ran Z hang, T akanori T akebe, L eina Miyazaki, Maho Takayama, Hiroyuki Koike, M asaki K imura, M asahiro Enomura, Yun-Wen Zheng, Keisuke Sekine, and Hideki T aniguchi 11 T he Generation and Maintenance of Rat Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.. . . . 1 43 Tomoyuki Y amaguchi, S anae H amanaka, and H iromitsu Nakauchi vii viii Contents 12 Protocol for Cutaneous Wound Healing Assay in a Murine Model. . . . . . . . . . 1 51 Gitali Ganguli-Indra 13 A dipose-Derived Stem Cells: Methods for Isolation and Applications for Clinical Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Brian Mailey, A va Hosseini, Jennifer Baker, A dam Y oung, Zeni Alfonso, K evin H icok, Anne M. W allace, and S teven R . Cohen 14 I n Vitro Detection of Residual Undifferentiated Cells in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Takuya Kuroda, Satoshi Yasuda, and Y oji Sato 15 W hole-Mount Immunohistochemistry to Study Spermatogonial Stem Cells and Spermatogenic Lineage Development in Mice, Monkeys, and Humans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Kathrin G assei, H anna Valli, and Kyle E . Orwig 16 Differentiating the Stem Cell Pool of Human Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath into Functional Melanocytes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 03 Marie Schneider, C hristina D ieckmann, Katrin Rabe, Jan- Christoph S imon, and Vuk S avkovic 17 P ancreas Development Ex Vivo: Culturing Embryonic Pancreas Explants on Permeable Culture Inserts, with Fibronectin-Coated Glass Microwells, or Embedded in Three-Dimensional Matrigel™. . . . . . . . . . 229 Hung Ping Shih and Maike S ander 18 U ltra-rapid Manufacturing of Engineered Epicardial Substitute to Regenerate Cardiac Tissue Following Acute Ischemic Injury. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 39 Vahid Serpooshan and Pilar R uiz-Lozano Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 249 Contributors ANA ALASTRUE-AGUDO • Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Lab, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain ZENI ALFONSO • Department of Surgery , U niversity of California San Diego , San Diego, C A, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, U niversity of California San Diego , S an Diego, CA , USA ; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego , S an Diego, CA , U SA ; F ACES+ , S an Diego, CA , USA CHELSEA S. B AHENEY • Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) , San Francisco, CA , U SA JENNIFER BAKER • Department of Surgery , University of California San Diego , San Diego, C A , U SA ; D epartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego , S an Diego, C A , USA ; S anford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego , San Diego, C A , USA ; FACES+ , S an Diego, CA , USA ADRIANA D I B ENEDETTO • Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy VIVIANA B ISBAL-VELASCO • Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Lab, C entro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain CLAUDIA CARBONE • Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Organs of Senses , University of Bari , B ari , I taly MARTA CASES-VILLAR • Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Lab, C entro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain STEVEN R . COHEN • Department of Surgery , University of California San Diego , San Diego, C A , U SA ; Department of Bioengineering, U niversity of California San Diego , S an Diego, CA , U SA ; S anford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego , San Diego, C A , U SA ; F ACES+ , S an Diego, CA , U SA DOUGLAS B. C OWAN • Boston Children’s Hospital , B oston , M A, U SA CHRISTINA D IECKMANN • Translationszentrum für Regenerative Medizin, U niversität Leipzig , L eipzig, Germany MASAHIRO ENOMURA • Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama, K anagawa, Japan SLAVEN ERCEG • Retina Group, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine , C entro Andaluz de Biologia Molecular Y Medicina Regenerative , S evilla, Spain FEDERICO F ERRO • Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, U niversity of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) , S an Francisco, C A , USA GITALI G ANGULI-INDRA • Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University , C orvallis , OR, U SA ix

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