Stem Cell Banking: Concepts and Protocols

210 Pages·2017·3.684 MB·English

by  Jeremy M. Crook, Tenneille E. Ludwig (eds.)

Methods in
Molecular Biology 1590
Jeremy M. Crook
Editors
Tenneille E. Ludwig
Stem Cell
Banking
Concepts and Protocols
M M B
ETHODS IN OLECULAR IOLOGY
Series Editor
John M. Walker
School of Life and Medical Sciences
University of Hertfordshire
Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Stem Cell Banking
Concepts and Protocols
Edited by
Jeremy M. Crook
ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility,
Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, NSW, Australia
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
Tenneille E. Ludwig
WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA
Editors
Jeremy M. Crook Tenneille E. Ludwig
ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials WiCell Research Institute
Science Madison, WI, USA
Intelligent Polymer Research Institute
AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus
University of Wollongong
Fairy Meadow, NSW, Australia
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
University of Wollongong
Wollongong, NSW, Australia
Department of Surgery
St Vincent’s Hospital
The University of Melbourne
Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic)
Methods in Molecular Biology
ISBN 978-1-4939-6919-7 ISBN 978-1-4939-6921-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6921-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017934046
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Preface
Stem cell banking has a critical role to play for supporting high quality research and transcend-
ing the clinical potential of stem cells to actual medicine. Ideally, this is achieved by operating
within a regulatory framework of good laboratory practice (GLP) or good manufacturing
practice (GMP) for standardized, optimized, and controlled cell line production, storage, and
distribution. Among other benefits, creating repositories of quality “seed stock” is a most
immediate way to circumvent the problems associated with extended cell culture, including
susceptibility to genetic and phenotypic drift during propagation, loss of cells due to cross-
contamination with microorganisms or other cell lines, and stem cell differentiation.
In recognizing the need for modern banking systems, major developed nations includ-
ing the US, UK, and Japan have invested significantly in stem cell banking to prepare for
the next major phase in researching and commercializing stem cells and producing clinical
treatments.
Importantly, stem cell banking need not entail setting up large and expensive stand-
alone facilities that operate on a national or international scale, but can involve smaller ini-
tiatives to support the activities of individual universities, research institutes, or laboratories.
Whatever the scale, a bank should align with global “best practice” for handling stem cells,
ideally endorsed by leading stem cell organizations, networks, and consortia around the
world. Moreover, a bank should ensure the management and distribution of cell lines in the
most efficient and cost-effective way. For example, the succession of commercial and clinical
aspirations could be facilitated by having low-cost quality-controlled GLP cells for research
that are also available as more expensive clinical-grade GMP lines. In addition, research and
clinical-grade variants of the same cell lines/banks will provide consistency between labora-
tory and clinical activities for more predictable and better translational application.
Given the recent upsurge in stem cell research and development (R&D), including
technological breakthroughs in creating new types of stem cells such as induced pluripotent
stem cells (iPSCs), as well as clinical trials of human stem cell-based therapies, the publica-
tion of this book on Stem Cell Banking is timely.
This volume brings together contributions from experts in the field to guide stem cell
banking, and in turn champion quality stem cell R&D and facilitate the translation of stem
cells to clinical practice. The book covers concepts and protocols relating to the banking of
both pluripotent and somatic stem cells, from the ethical procurement of tissues and cells
for the provision of “seed stock,” standardized methods for deriving hESCs and iPSCs,
isolating mesenchymal stem cells, cell culture and cryopreservation, in addition to quality
assurance (including cell line characterization) and information management.
As a volume in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series, it aims to
contribute to the development of competence in the subject by providing advice that is crucial
to establishing a bona fide stem cell bank. By proffering Stem Cell Banking, we hope to
strengthen and maximize the use of existing and future stem cell resources. Finally, the volume
should serve as a valuable resource for established stem cell scientists and those new to the field.
Wollongong, NSW, Australia Jeremy M. Crook
v
Contents
Preface.......................................................... v
Contributors.......................................................... ix
P I G T S C B
ART ENERIC HEMES IN TEM ELL ANKING
1 Stem Cell Banking: A Global View ................................. 3
Glyn Stacey
2 Quality Assurance in Stem Cell Banking: Emphasis on Embryonic
and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Banking .......................... 11
Therése Kallur, Pontus Blomberg, Sonya Stenfelt, Kristian Tryggvason,
and Outi Hovatta
3 Acquisition and Reception of Primary Tissues, Cells,
or Other Biological Specimens .................................... 17
Lyn E. Healy
4 Information Management........................................ 29
Alberto Labarga, Izaskun Beloqui, and Angel G. Martin
5 Cryopreservation: Vitrification and Controlled Rate Cooling.............. 41
Charles J. Hunt
6 Quality Assured Characterization of Stem Cells for Safety in Banking
for Clinical Application.......................................... 79
Kevin W. Bruce, John D.M. Campbell, and Paul De Sousa
7 Ethics and Governance of Stem Cell Banks ........................... 99
Donald Chalmers, Peter Rathjen, Joy Rathjen, and Dianne Nicol
P II P P S C B
ART ROTOCOLS FOR LURIPOTENT TEM ELL ANKING
8 Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells.......................... 115
Jeremy M. Crook, Lucy Kravets, Teija Peura, and Meri T. Firpo
9 Derivation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Chemically
Defined Medium............................................... 131
Guokai Chen and Mahendra Rao
10 Culture, Adaptation, and Expansion of Pluripotent Stem Cells ............ 139
Jennifer L. Brehm and Tenneille E. Ludwig
11 Cryobanking Pluripotent Stem Cells................................ 151
Jeremy M. Crook, Eva Tomaskovic-Crook, and Tenneille E. Ludwig
12 Genome Editing in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells..................... 165
Jared Carlson-Stevermer and Krishanu Saha
vii
viii Contents
P III P M S C B
ART ROTOCOLS FOR ESENCHYMAL TEM ELL ANKING
13 Isolation, Culture, and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells ............ 177
Izaskun Ferrin, Izaskun Beloqui, Lorea Zabaleta, Juan M. Salcedo,
Cesar Trigueros, and Angel G. Martin
14 Cryobanking Mesenchymal Stem Cells .............................. 191
Andrés Pavón, Izaskun Beloqui, Juan M. Salcedo, and Angel G. Martin
P IV P H N S C B
ART ROTOCOLS FOR UMAN EURAL TEM ELL ANKING
15 Culturing and Cryobanking Human Neural Stem Cells.................. 199
Jeremy M. Crook and Eva Tomaskovic-Crook
Index ............................................................... 207
Contributors
IZASKUN BELOQUI • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
PONTUS BLOMBERG • Vecura, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
JENNIFER L. BREHM • WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA
KEVIN W. BRUCE • Censo Biotechnologies Ltd and Roslin Cell Sciences Ltd, Midlothian, UK
JOHN D.M. CAMPBELL • Scottish Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, UK
JARED CARLSON-STEVERMER • Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University
of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
DONALD CHALMERS • Centre for Law and Genetics, Faculty of Law, University of
Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
GUOKAI CHEN • Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China;
Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda,
MD, USA
JEREMY M. CROOK • ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent
Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of
Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research
Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Department of
Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
IZASKUN FERRIN • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
MERI T. FIRPO • Division of Endocrinology and Stem Cell Institute, Department
of Medicine, McGuire Translational Research Facility, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, MN, USA
LYN E. HEALY • The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
OUTI HOVATTA • CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, Flemingsberg, Sweden
CHARLES J. HUNT • UK Stem Cell Bank, National Institute for Biological Standards and
Control, Hertfordshire, UK
THERÉSE KALLUR • BioLamina, Stockholm, Sweden
LUCY KRAVETS • Centre for Blood Cell Therapies, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East
Melbourne, Australia
ALBERTO LABARGA • Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence,
University of Granada, Gardana, Spain
TENNEILLE E. LUDWIG • WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA
ANGEL G. MARTIN • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
DIANNE NICOL • Centre for Law and Genetics, Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania,
Hobart, TAS, Australia
ANDRÉS PAVÓN • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
TEIJA PEURA • Genea Biomedx, Sydney, NSW, Australia
MAHENDRA RAO • New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY,
USA; Q Therapeutics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative
Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
ix
x Contributors
JOY RATHJEN • School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
PETER RATHJEN • The Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania,
Hobart, TAS, Australia
KRISHANU SAHA • Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Wisconsin-M adison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Discovery,
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
JUAN M. SALCEDO • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
PAUL DE SOUSA • Roslin Cell Sciences Ltd., Midlothian, UK; Censo Biotechnologies Ltd.,
Midlothian, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh,
Edinburgh, UK
GLYN STACEY • UK Stem Cell Bank, National Institute for Biological Standards and
Control, Hertfordshire, UK
SONYA STENFELT • Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
EVA TOMASKOVIC-CROOK • AIIM Facility, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials
Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow,
NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of
Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
CESAR TRIGUEROS • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
KRISTIAN TRYGGVASON • BioLamina, Stockholm, Sweden
LOREA ZABALETA • StemTek Therapeutics, Derio, Spain
Part I
Generic Themes in Stem Cell Banking