Stellaris® Peripheral Driver Library - Chess - Center for

326 Pages·2008·1.39 MB·English

Stellaris® Peripheral Driver Library
USER’S GUIDE
SW-DRL-UG-3618 Copyright © 2006-2008 Luminary Micro, Inc.
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Revision Information
This is version 3618 of this document, last updated on October 30, 2008.
2 October 30, 2008
Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Legal Disclaimers and Trademark Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Revision Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 Programming Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 Direct Register Access Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 Software Driver Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.4 Combining The Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 Analog Comparator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4 Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5 Controller Area Network (CAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6 Ethernet Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
7 Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
7.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
7.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
8 GPIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
8.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
8.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
9 Hibernation Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
9.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
9.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
10 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
10.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
10.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
11 Interrupt Controller (NVIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
11.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
11.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
12 Memory Protection Unit (MPU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
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12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
12.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
12.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
13 Peripheral Pin Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
13.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
13.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
14 Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
14.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
14.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
15 Quadrature Encoder (QEI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
15.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
15.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
15.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
16 Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
16.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
16.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
16.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
17 System Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
17.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
17.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
17.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
18 System Tick (SysTick) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
18.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
18.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
18.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
19 Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
19.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
19.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
19.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
20 UART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
20.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
20.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
20.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
21 uDMA Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
21.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
21.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
21.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
22 USB Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
22.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
22.2 Using USB with the uDMA Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
22.3 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
22.4 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
23 Watchdog Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
23.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
23.2 API Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
23.3 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
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24 Using the ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
24.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
24.2 Direct ROM Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
24.3 Mapped ROM Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
24.4 Firmware Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
25 Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Company Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Support Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
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Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library User’s Guide
1 Introduction
The Luminary Micro® Stellaris® Peripheral Driver Library is a set of drivers for accessing the pe-
ripherals found on the Stellaris family of ARM® Cortex™-M3 based microcontrollers. While they
are not drivers in the pure operating system sense (that is, they do not have a common interface
and do not connect into a global device driver infrastructure), they do provide a mechanism that
makes it easy to use the device’s peripherals.
The capabilities and organization of the drivers are governed by the following design goals:
They are written entirely in C except where absolutely not possible.
They demonstrate how to use the peripheral in its common mode of operation.
They are easy to understand.
They are reasonably efficient in terms of memory and processor usage.
They are as self-contained as possible.
Where possible, computations that can be performed at compile time are done there instead
of at run time.
They can be built with more than one tool chain.
Some consequences of these design goals are:
The drivers are not necessarily as efficient as they could be (from a code size and/or execution
speed point of view). While the most efficient piece of code for operating a peripheral would be
written in assembly and custom tailored to the specific requirements of the application, further
size optimizations of the drivers would make them more difficult to understand.
The drivers do not support the full capabilities of the hardware. Some of the peripherals
provide complex capabilities which can not be utilized by the drivers in this library, though
the existing code can be used as a reference upon which to add support for the additional
capabilities.
The APIs have a means of removing all error checking code. Since the error checking is
usually only useful during initial program development, it can be removed to improve code size
and speed.
For many applications, the drivers can be used as is. But in some cases, the drivers will have to be
enhanced or rewritten in order to meet the functionality, memory, or processing requirements of the
application. If so, the existing driver can be used as a reference on how to operate the peripheral.
The following tool chains are supported:
Keil™ RealView® Microcontroller Development Kit
CodeSourcery Sourcery G++ for Stellaris EABI
IAR Embedded Workbench®
Code Red Technologies tools
Source Code Overview
The following is an overview of the organization of the peripheral driver library source code.
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Introduction
EULA.txt The full text of the End User License Agreement that covers the use of this
software package.
driverlib/ This directory contains the source code for the drivers.
hw_*.h Header files, one per peripheral, that describe all the registers and the bit
fields within those registers for each peripheral. These header files are used
by the drivers to directly access a peripheral, and can be used by application
code to bypass the peripheral driver library API.
inc/ This directory holds the part specific header files used for the direct register
access programming model.
makedefs A set of definitions used by make files.
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Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library User’s Guide
2 Programming Model
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Direct Register Access Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Software Driver Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Combining The Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.1 Introduction
The peripheral driver library provides support for two programming models: the direct register ac-
cess model and the software driver model. Each model can be used independently, or combined,
based on the needs of the application or the programming environment desired by the developer.
Each programming model has advantages and disadvantages. Use of the direct register access
model will generally result in smaller and more efficient code than using the software driver model.
However, the direct register access model does require detailed knowledge of the operation of
each register, bit field, their interactions, and any sequencing required for proper operation of the
peripheral; the developer is insulated from these details by the software driver model, generally
requiring less time to develop applications.
2.2 Direct Register Access Model
In the direct register access model, the peripherals are programmed by the application by writing
values directly into the peripheral’s registers. A set of macros is provided that simplifies this process.
These macros are stored in part-specific header files contained in the inc directory; the name of the
header file matches the part number (for example, the header file for the LM3S6965 microcontroller
is inc/lm3s6965.h). By including the header file that matches the part being used, macros are
available for accessing all registers on that part, as well as all bit fields within those registers. No
macros are available for registers that do not exist on the part in question, making it difficult to
access registers that do not exist.
The defines used by the direct register access model follow a naming convention that makes it
easier to know how to use a particular macro. The rules are as follows:
Values that end in _R are used to access the value of a register. For example, SSI0_CR0_R
is used to access the CR0 register in the SSI0 module.
Values that end in _M represent the mask for a multi-bit field in a register. If the value
placed in the multi-bit field is a number, there will be a macro with the same base name
but ending with _S (for example, SSI_CR0_SCR_M and SSI_CR0_SCR_S). If the value
placed into the multi-bit field is an enumeration, then there will be a set of macros with
the same base name but ending with identifiers for the various enumeration values (for
example, the SSI_CR0_FRF_M macro defines the bit field, and the SSI_CR0_FRF_NMW,
SSI_CR0_FRF_TI, and SSI_CR0_FRF_MOTO macros provide the enumerations for the bit
field).
Values that end in _S represent the number of bits to shift a value in order to align it with a
multi-bit field. These values will match the macro with the same base name but ending with
_M.
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Programming Model
All other macros represent the value of a bit field.
All register name macros start with the module name and instance number (for example, SSI0
for the first SSI module) and are followed by the name of the register as it appears in the data
sheet (for example, the CR0 register in the data sheet results in SSI0_CR0_R).
All register bit fields start with the module name, followed by the register name, and then
followed by the bit field name as it appears in the data sheet. For example, the SCR bit field in
the CR0 register in the SSI module will be identified by SSI_CR0_SCR.... In the case where
the bit field is a single bit, there will be nothing further (for example, SSI_CR0_SPH is a single
bit in the CR0 register). If the bit field is more than a single bit, there will be a mask value (_M)
and either a shift (_S) if the bit field contains a number or a set of enumerations if not.
Given these definitions, the CR0 register can be programmed as follows:
SSI0_CR0_R = ((5 << SSI_CR0_SCR_S) | SSI_CR0_SPH | SSI_CR0_SPO |
SSI_CR0_FRF_MOTO | SSI_CR0_DSS_8);
Alternatively, the following has the same effect (although it is not as easy to understand):
SSI0_CR0_R = 0x000005c7;
Extracting the value of the SCR field from the CR0 register is as follows:
ulValue = (SSI0_CR0_R & SSI_CR0_SCR_M) >> SSI0_CR0_SCR_S;
The GPIO modules have many registers that do not have bit field definitions. For these registers,
the register bits represent the individual GPIO pins; so bit zero in these registers corresponds to
the Px0 pin on the part (where x is replaced by a GPIO module letter), bit one corresponds to the
Px1 pin, and so on.
The blinky example for each board utilizes the direct register access model to blink the on-board
LED.
Note:
The hw_∗.h header files that are used by the drivers in the library contain many of the same
definitions as the header files used for direct register access. As such, the two can not be in-
cluded into the same source file without the compiler producing warnings about the redefinition
of symbols.
2.3 Software Driver Model
In the software driver model, the API provided by the peripheral driver library is used by applica-
tions to control the peripherals. Since these drivers provide complete control of the peripherals in
their normal mode of operation, it is possible to write an entire application without direct access
to the hardware. This provides for rapid development of the application without requiring detailed
knowledge of how to program the peripherals.
Corresponding to the direct register access model example, the following will also program the CR0
register in the SSI module (though that fact is hidden by the API):
10 October 30, 2008