Steel Designers' Manual

1451 Pages·2012·66.68 MB·English

by  Buick Davison

STEEL DESIGNERS’
MANUAL
SEVENTH EDITION
The Steel Construction Institute
Edited by
Buick Davison
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering,
The University of Shefield
Graham W. Owens
Consultant, The Steel Construction Institute
@WI LEY- BLACKWELL
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Steel designers’ manual / the Steel Construction Institute ; edited by Buick Davison, Graham W.
Owens.. - 7th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-8940-8( hardback)
ISBN-10: 1-4051-8940-1 ()
I. Davison, Buick. 11. Owens, Graham W. (Graham Wynford) 111. Steel Construction
Institute (Great Britain)
TA685.G67 2011
624.1 ‘821-dc23
2011028324
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDF 9781444344844;
ePub 9781444344851: Mobi 9781444344868
Set in 10112 pt Times Ten by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited
1 2012
Although care has been taken to ensure, to the best of our knowledge, that all data and
information contained herein are accurate to the extent that they relate to either matters of fact
or accepted practice or matters of opinion at the time of publication, the Steel Construction
Institute assumes no responsibility for any errors in or misinterpretations of such data and or
information or any loss or damage arising from or related to their use.
Extracts from the British Standards are reproduced with the permission of BSI. Complete
copies of the standards quoted can be obtained by post from BSI Sales, Linford Wood, Milton
Keynes, MK14 6LE.
Contributors
David G. Brown
David Brown graduated from the University of Bradford in 1982 and worked for
several years for British Rail, Eastern Region, before joining a steelwork contractor
as a designer, and then technical director. He joined the Steel Construction Institute
in 1994 and has been involved with connections, frame design, Eurocodes and tech-
nical training.
Michael Burdekin
Michael Burdekin graduated from Cambridge University in 1961.A fter fifteen years
of industrial research and construction experience, during which he was awarded a
PhD from Cambridge IJniversity, he was appointed Professor of Civil and Structural
Engineering at IJMIST in 1977. He retired from this post in December 2002 and is
now an Emeritus Professor of the University of Manchester. His specific expertise
is the field of welded steel structures, particularly in materials behaviour and the
application of fracture mechanics to fracture and fatigue failure.
Katherine Cashell
Dr Katherine Cashell is a Senior Engineer at the Steel Construction Institute and
a Chartered Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Previous to this, she
worked as a research assistant at Imperial College London and a Design Engineer
at High Point Rendel Consultants.
Kwok-Fai Chung
Professor K F Chung obtained a bachelor degree from the University of Sheffield
in 1984 and a doctoral degree from Imperial College in 1988. He joined the Steel
Construction Institute in 1989 and worked as a research engineer for six years on
steel, steel-concrete composite and cold-formed steel structures as well as structural
fire engineering. After practising as a structural engineer in a leading consultant firm
in Hong Kong for approximately a year, he joined the Hong Kong Polytechnic
University in 1996 as an Assistant Professor and was promoted to a full Professor
in 2005. He has published about 150 technical papers in journals and conferences
together with five SCI design guides. Moreover, he has taught about 30 professional
xix
xx Contributors
courses to practising engineers in Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Macau. He
was Chairman of the Editorial Board and Chief Editor of the Proceedings of the
IStructE Centenary Conference 2008. Currently, he is the Founding President of the
Hong Kong Constructional Metal Structures Association and Advisor to the Macau
Society of Metal Structures.
Graham Couchman
Graham Couchman graduated from Cambridge IJniversity in 1984 and completed
a PhD in composite construction from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in
Lausanne in 1994. He has experience of construction, design and research, specialis-
ing in composite construction and light gauge construction. He first joined SCI in
1995 then, after a brief spell at BRE, became Chief Executive of SCI in 2007. He is
currently chairman of the European committee responsible for Eurocode 4.
Buick Davison
Dr Buick Davison is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Civil and Structural
Engineering at the IJniversity of Sheffield. In addition to his wide experience in
teaching and research of steel structures, he is a Chartered Engineer and has worked
in consultancies on the design of buildings and stadia.
David Deacon
David Deacon qualified as a Coating Technologist in 1964 and after working for the
British Iron and Steel Research Association and the Burma Castrol Group, he
started in consultancy of coatings for iron and steel structures in 1970.
His first major consultancy was the protective coatings for London’s Thames
Barrier, which is now some 28 years old and a recent major survey has extended
the life of the coatings to first major maintenance from 25 to 40 years.
His consultancy and advisory activities has taken him to over SO countries world-
wide on a range of projects; he is currently working on the refurbishment of the
Cutty Sark iron frame, the Forth Rail and Road Bridges and numerous other
structures.
He has given many papers on his specialist coatings subjects and is a co-author
of the book ‘Steelwork Corrosion Control’. He is a Past President of the Institute
of Corrosion and last year was awarded a unique Lifetime Achievement Award by
the Institute of Corrosion.
David Dibb-Fuller
David Dibb-Fuller started his career with the Cleveland Bridge and Engineering
Company in London. His early bridge related work gave a strong emphasis to heavy
Contributors xxi
fabrication; in later years he moved on to building structures. As technical director
for Conder Southern in Winchester, his strategy was to develop close links between
design for strength and design for production. He moved on to become a partner
with Gifford and Partners in Southampton until his retirement; he remains a con-
sultant to the partnership.
Richard Dobson
Richard Dobson graduated from the IJniversity of Cambridge in 1980. For the first
eight years of his professional career, he worked for consulting engineers in areas
of bridge design and offshore steel jacket design for the North Sea and other parts
of the world. Twenty-four years ago Richard joined CSC (IJK) Ltd, designing and
developing software solutions for structural engineers. For the last 12 years, Richard
has been the technical director at CSC overseeing the global development of CSC’s
range of software products Fastrak, Orion and Tedds.
-
Leroy Gardner
Dr Leroy Gardner is a Reader in Structural Engineering at Imperial College London
and a Chartered Civil and Structural Engineer. He leads an active research group
in the area of structural steelwork, teaches at both undergraduate and postgraduate
levels and carries out specialist advisory work for industry. He has co-authored two
textbooks and over 100 technical papers, and is a member of the BSI committee
responsible for Eurocode 3.
Jeff Garner
Jeff Garner has over 30 years industrial experience in fabrication and welding. He
is a professional Welding Engineer with a Masters degree in Welding Engineering.
Working in a range of key industry sectors including petrochemical, nuclear, steel
making, railways and construction he has acted as a consulting welding engineer,
delivered welding technology training courses and provided representation on a
number of British and European welding codehtandards committees. Jeff joined
the British Constructional Steelwork Association in 2008 as Welding and Fabrication
Manager, responsible for providing welding and fabrication technology support
throughout the IJK steel construction industry. In 2011 he moved to edf.
Martin Heywood
Martin Heywood has worked at the SCI since 1998. He currently holds the title
‘Associate Director Construction Technology’ and has responsibility for a portfolio
xxii Contributors
of projects involving light gauge steel, modern methods of construction, floor vibra-
tions and building envelope systems. Previously, Martin worked for several years in
the SCI’s Codes and Standards division where he authored the SCI’s Guide to the
amendments to BS 5950-1:2000 and BS 5950 worked examples. Prior to joining the
SCI, Martin worked for 3 years in civil engineering contracting and obtained a PhD
in structural dynamics from Birmingham IJniversity.
Roger Hudson
Roger Hudson studied metallurgy at Sheffield Polytechnic whilst employed by
BISRA. He also has a Masters degree from the University of Sheffield. In 1968,
he joined the United Steel Companies at Swinden Laboratories in Rotherham to
work on the corrosion of stainless steels. The laboratories later became part of
British Steel where he was responsible for the Corrosion Laboratory and several
research projects. He became principal technologist for Corus . He is a member
of several technical and international standards committees, has written technical
publications, and has lectured widely on the corrosion and protection of steel in
structures. He has had a longstanding professional relationship with the Institute
of Corrosion.
Mark Lawson
Mark Lawson is part-time Professor of Construction Systems at the University of
Surrey and a Specialist Consultant to the Steel Construction Institute. In 1987, he
joined the newly formed SCI as Research Manager for steel in buildings, with par-
ticular reference to composite construction, fire engineering and cold-formed steel.
A graduate of Imperial College, and the IJniversity of Salford, where he worked in
the field of cold-formed steel, Mark Lawson spent his early career at Ove Arup and
Partners and the Construction Industry Research and Information Association. He
is a member of the Institutions of Civil and Structural Engineers and the American
Society of Civil Engineers.
Ian Liddell
Ian Liddell was a Founding Partner of Buro Happold in 1976. He has been respon-
sible for a wide range of projects with special innovatory structural engineering
including Sydney Opera House, the Millennium Dome, Mannheim Gridshell Roof,
and the concept and scheme for Phoenix Stadium Retractable Roof. He is one of
the world’s leading experts in the field of lightweight tension and fabric structures.
He is a Royal Academy of Engineering Visiting Professor at the University of
Cambridge and was awarded the Institution of Structural Engineers Gold Medal
in 1999.
Contributors xxiii
Allan Mann
Allan Mann graduated from Leeds University and gained a PhD there. Since then
he has over 40 years of experience in steel structures of all kinds over the commer-
cial, industrial and nuclear sectors. He also has extensive experience in roller coast-
ers and large observation wheels. Allan has authored a number of papers, won a
number of prizes and been closely associated with the Institution of Structural
Engineers throughout his career.
Fergus M'Cormick
Fergus M'Cormick is a specialist in cable, long-span, dynamic and moving structures
and wind engineering and is a sector specialist in Sports Stadia. His past projects
include the BA London Eye, the City of Manchester Stadium and the Infinity
Footbridge. For Buro Happold he has been Structural Leader for Astana Stadium
Retractable Roof; Kirkby Stadium, Everton Football Club; Aviva Stadium and cur-
rently leads the structural team for the London 2012 Olympic Stadium.
David Moore
Dr David Moore is the Director of Engineering at the British Constructional
Steelwork Association. Dr Moore has over 20 years experience of research and
specialist advisory work in the area of structural engineering and has published over
70 technical papers on a wide range of subjects. He has also made a significant
contribution to a number of specialised design guides and best practice guides for
the IJK and European steel industry. Many of these publications are used daily by
practising structural engineers and steelwork contractors.
David Nethercot
Since graduating from the University of Wales, Cardiff, David Nethercot has com-
pleted forty years of teaching, research and specialist advisory work in the area of
structural steelwork. The author of over 400 technical papers, he has lectured fre-
quently on post-experience courses; he is a past Chairman of the BSI Committee
responsible for BS 5950, and is a frequent contributor to technical initiatives associ-
ated with the structural steelwork industry. Since 1999 he has been head of the
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Imperial College. He is a
past president of IStructE, received the 2008 Charles Massonnet prize from ECCS
and was awarded a Gold Medal by the IStructE in 2009.
xxiv Contributors
Graham W. Owens
Dr Graham Owens has 45 years’ experience in designing, constructing, teaching and
researching in structural steelwork. After six years’ practical experience and 16
years at Imperial College, he joined the Steel Construction Institute at its formation
in 1986. He was Director from 1992 until his retirement in 2008. He was President
of the Institution of Structural Engineers in 2009. He continues some consultancy
interests in wave energy, New Nuclear Build and Education.
Roger Pope
Dr Roger Pope is a consulting engineer who specialises in steel construction. His
career in steel and steel construction began with the Steel Company of Wales in
1964. He is currently chairman of CB/203 the technical committee responsible for
British Standards dealing with the design and execution of steel structures. He is
also chairman of the Codes, Standards and Regulations Committee established by
the Steel Construction Industry Sector under the auspices of the UK Government.
Alan Rathbone
Alan Rathbone is Chief Engineer at CSC. His previous experience includes design,
research and advice on reinforced concrete and masonry, together with the design
of volumetric building systems, using all main structural materials. He has worked
with his co-contributor, Richard Dobson, for almost 25 years in the development of
software solutions for structural engineers. He is a member of the BSI Committee
CB/203 which is responsible for many of the steelwork design codes. A long-time
member of the BCSA/SCI Connections Group, he has made a significant contribu-
tion to their efforts in producing the ‘Green Book’ series and is currently the
Chairman. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers.
John Roberts
John Roberts graduated from the University of Sheffield in 1969 and was awarded
a PhD there in 1972 for research on the impact loading of steel structures. His pro-
fessional career includes a short period of site work with Alfred McAlpine plc,
following which he has worked as a consulting engineer, since 1981 with Allott &
Lomax/Babtie Group/Jacobs. He is an Executive Director of Operations at Jacobs
Engineering UK Limited and has designed many major steelwork structures. He
was President of the Institution of Structural Engineers in 1999-2000 and has served
as a council member of both the Steel Construction Institute and the BCSA.
Contributors xxv
Alan Rogan
Alan Rogan, sponsored by British Steel (now TATA), obtained a PhD at the
University of the West of England, Bristol, focusing on the steel sector. He then
went on to be the Corus sponsored Reader at Oxford Brookes IJniversity in the
school of Architecture. Alan is currently Managing Director of Metek Building
Systems, a leading company involved in the design and construction of Light steel
framing. The company, under Alan’s leadership, are now involved in the building of
up to 7 storey high buildings. Alan has over 40 years of steel construction experience
from bridge building to structures of all sizes and shapes. Alan continues to have a
close relationship with TATA through a manufacturing agreement between the
companies at Llanwern Steelworks, South Wales.
Michael Sansom
Michael Sansom has 19 years experience of environmental and sustainability work
in consultancy, research and research management roles in the construction sector.
After completion of his PhD in nuclear waste disposal at Cardiff IJniversity in
1995, he worked for the IJK Construction Industry Research and Information
Association (CIRIA) managing construction research projects. He then worked
for a large US consultancy working on contaminated land investigation and
remediation.
Michael joined the SCI in 1999 where he now leads the Sustainability Division.
He is involved in a range of sustainable construction activities including life cycle
assessment, carbon foot-printing, BREEAM assessments and operational carbon
emissions assessment and reduction.
Ian Simms
Ian Simms is currently the manager responsible for the fire engineering and com-
posite construction departments at the Steel Construction Institute. Ian joined the
SCI in April 1998 to work as a specialist in Fire Engineering, after completing his
PhD at the IJniversity of IJlster.
Andrew Smith
Andy Smith worked for the Steel Construction Institute for four years after graduat-
ing from the University of Cambridge. He was involved in many projects relating
to floor vibration and steel-concrete composite construction, and regularly pre-
sented courses on both these subjects. He is the lead author of SCI P354 on the
design of floors for vibration and participated in an ECSC funded European project
on the subject. Andy now lives and works as a consulting structural engineer in
Canada.