Table Of Content

STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, VOL. 12, 2423-2444 (1993) SUBJECT INDEX® Notes: Single page numbers refer to individual papers. The page ranges shown, indicate collections of papers on particular subjects. (L) after some numbers identifies letters. Absolute residuals Alcohol age-related reference centiles, 917 measurement error models, 1141 ACES see Active control equivalence studies myocardial infarction risk, 2333 2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) Alert systems low-dose response data, 881 post-marketing surveillance, 2383 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome see AIDS Algorithms Active control equivalence studies (ACES), disease rates, 1915 2367 EM, multivariate components model, Acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) 2273 Bayesian strategy, 1197 robust non-linear bioassay analysis, 2025 Adjuvant chemotherapy clinical trial, 51 run-in strategy, cost-effectiveness, 111 Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) Allocation ratio monitoring, 2383 sample size calculations, 2257 Age Alpha statistic see Aickin’s alpha; Cronbach’s effect on AIDS progression, 2087, 2099 alpha epidemiologic study confounder, 1989 Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in vitro fertilization effects, 1543 clinical trial, 1665 Age-related reference centiles Analysis as-randomized construction, 917 non-adherence, 1185 Aggregation Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) disease clustering, 1869 conditional size/covariate imbalance, 101 disease rates, 1915 Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Aggression coronary heart disease, 967 preventative trials, 289 mean smoking rates, 329 Agreement visual analogue scale, 1275 binary assessments, 165 ANCOVA see Analysis of covariance Aickin’s alpha Angiography reliability measures, 2191 cardiac transplantation, 1155 AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) ANOVA see Analysis of variance clinical trials Europe, 509, 521 Antimicrobial agents clustering trends, 311 burn-care management, 301 Extended Public Health Surveillance of HIV Antiretroviral therapy Disease (workshop), 2061-2130 effect on CD4 counts, 2133 incidence curve model, 1317 Approximations marker-dependent hazard estimation, 843 two-treatment crossover design, 825 progression from HIV, 617, 2061, 2065, see also Rules of thumb 2099 Arcsine transformation surrogate endpoints, 835 binomial confidence intervals, 809 TIGER/S, 1953 Area based data Aitken acceleration technique environmental epidemiology, 1249 multivariate, 1665 Area between curves (ABC) Akaike’s information criterion (ARC), 2305 nutritional anthropometry, 2247—2248(L) * Compiled by Indexing Specialists, 202 Church Road, Hove, East Sussex BN3 2DJ, U.K. 2424 SUBJECT INDEX Area under time response curve (AUC) prior information, 2009 clinical pharmacology studies, 633 see also Empirical Bayes Arithmetic method Berkson error model, 1703 adverse drug reactions, 2383 Bernoulli model Arjas plot, 1569 in vitro fertilization, 1543 ARL see Average run length Bernoulli variables, 143 Aspartame binary regression, 1141 headaches, 825 Beta distribution Asthma medical audit, 2179 multicentre clinical trials, 1033, 1047 Beta imputation Asymptotic bias threshold-crossing data, 1589 ordinary least squares, 1213 Beta-binomial model Asymptotic confidence intervals low-dose response data, 881 attributable risk, 91-94(L) Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial (BHAT) Asymptotic maximum likelihood methods, 617 data monitoring, 2219 Asymptotic normai distribution Beta-geometric model maximum likelihood estimate, 3 retrospective time-to-event studies, 867 Asymptotic normality Beta,-microglobulin initial uncertainty profile, 2009 HIV infection marker, 843, 2061, 2065, 2087, Attenuation factors 2099, 2133 dietary assessment, 925 Between-group difference measurement error, 937 intra-individual variation, 1213 Attributable risk Bias assigned share, 94—96(L) across-wave impution, 355 case-control studies, 91—94(L) adverse drug reactions, 2383 Attrition bias attrition, 1005 regression models, 1005 case-crossover designs, 2333 Audit data clinical trials, 2343 Bayesian analysis, 2179 matched designs, 993 Autocorrelation non-adherence, 1185 two-parameter, HIV infection markers, 2133 ordinary least squares, 1213 visual assessment, 1275 passive follow-up registries, 767 see also Spatial autocorrelation retrospective studies, 867 Automated comparison scaling, measurement error, 937 data verification, 1535 Biased coin design (BCD), 2343 Autoregression Bibliography time series regression relationships, 1555 Sir Austin Bradford Hill, 797 tumour biomarker data, 265 Big stick design, 2343 Average bioequivalence, 1109 Binary assessments Average run length (ARL) dysplasia study, 165 surveillance method assessment, 13 Binary data AZT see Zidovudine Bayesian analysis, 2179 menstrual diary data, 955 Backcalculation Binary occupancy models HIV to AIDS progression, 617 disease clusters, 1773 Balaam design Binary ratings crossover design, 69 chance-correlated agreement measures, Barthel index 2191 bounded outcome scores, 1063 Binary regression models Baseline measurements design effects, 1259 regression towards the mean, 1086—1089(L) Binary response Bayes method case-crossover designs, 2333 empirical, 27 low-dose response, 881 Bayesian methods Binocular data binary data, 2179 kappa estimation, 2207 cancer screening, 1197 Binomial confidence intervals clinical trials, 1377, 1477, 1651 computing methods, 809 CRM dose-toxicity, 1093 Binomial data disease mapping, 1895 relative risk, 2285 frequentism, 1405 Binomial distribution measurement error, 1141, 1703 prevalence estimation, 685 osteosarcoma study, 1501 two-treatment crossover design, 825 SUBJECT INDEX Binomial model Klein, J. P. & Goel, P. K. (eds.), Survival recurrence rates, 339 Analysis: State of the Art, 1645 Binomial test Miller, A. B., Chamberlain, J. , Day, N. E. , pair-matched studies, 699 Hakama, M. & Prorok, P. C., Cancer Binomial variance Screening, 1091 response correlation, 355 Peace, K. E. (ed.), Biopharmaceutical Bioassays Sequential Statistical Applications, 2059 robust non-linear analysis algorithm, 2025 Rose, G., The Strategy of preventative toxicity procedures, Markov chain modelling, Medicine, 2251 661 Rovine, M. J. & Eye, A. von, Applied Bioavailability Computational Statistics in Longitudinal bioequivalence, 1109 Research, 1647 Bioequivalence Sackett, D. L., Haynes, R. B., Guyatt, G. H., two formulation comparisons, 1109 Tugwell, P., Clinical Epidemiology a Basic Biomarkers Science for Clinical Medicine (2nd edn), 187 dietary assessment, 925, 937 Shein-Chung Chow and Jen-Pei Liu, Design Birth control pill and Analysis of Bioavailability and pharmaceutical tests, 1999 Bioequivalence Studies, 2059 Birth weight Shuster, J. J., Practical Handbook of Sample perinatal care, 377 Size Guidelines for Clinical Trials, 1271 Bivariate markers Social Affairs Unit, Health, Lifestyle and non-parametric hazard estimators, 843 Environment: Countering the Panic, Bivariate random effects model, 2273 1645 Bivariate Survival model Spilker, B., Guide to Clinical Trials, 1648 intervention impact, 241 Tufte, E. R., Envisioning Information, 991 Blood pressure Wallace, K. H. and Thompson, R. A., cardiovascular mortality study, 1989 Immunointervention in Man. A Critique of diurnal rhythms definition, 129 Clinical Trial Methodology, 1748 Gaussian mixed models, 1665 Wallace, R. B. and Woolson, R. F. (eds.), The multiple Z-tests, 1125 Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly, 1747 BMPD computer package Whitehead, J., The Design and Analysis of REGRESS, 143 Sequential Clinical Trials (2nd edn), 2057 Bone marrow transplants Williams, C. J.(ed.), Introducing New competing risks failure time data, 737 Treatments for Cancer: Practical, Ethical multistate analysis, 2315 and Legal Problems, 713 Bonferroni correction see also Video review prognostic factors, 2377 Bootstrap Bonferroni inequality, 1125 age-related reference centiles, 917 Bonferroni-Holm procedure AIDS incidence, 311 randomized clinical trials, 2351 bioequivalence, 1109 Book Reviews bounded outcome scores, 1063 Bookstein, F. L., Morphometric Tools for disease mapping, 1943 Landmark Data: Geometry and Biology, HIV-1 seroconversion, 153 714 prognostic factors, 2377 Dunstan, F. and Pickles, J. (eds.), Statistics in resampling-random regressors, 153 Medicine, 1273 survival analysis, 1569 Dwyer, J. H., Manning, F., Lippert P. and Bounded outcome scores Hoffmeister, H. (eds.), Statistical Models power/sample size, 1063 for Longitudinal Studies of Health, 992 Box and whisker plots Everitt,B.S., The Analysis of Contingency CD4 counts, 2099 Tables (2nd edn), 187 Box-Cox analysis Hassard, T. H., Understanding Biostatistics, 97 serial CD4 counts, 2099 Hirsch, R. P. & Riegelman, R. K., Statistical Bradley-Terry model First Aid: Interpretation of Health matched-pairs logit model, 1969 Research Data, 2252 Brain tumours Holland, W. W., Detels, R. and Knox, G. (eds.) case control study, 1325 Oxford Textbook of Public Health. Vol 2: randomized clinical trials, 2351 Methods of Public Health (2nd edn), Breast cancer 1273 alcohol consumption risks, 1141 Kelley, W. D., Ratliff, T. A. Jr and Nenadic C., key strategies, 207 Basic Statistics for Laboratories, A Primer Q-TWiST, 975 for Laboratory Workers, 98 tumour marker data, 265 2426 SUBJECT INDEX Breslow-Day common odds ratio Censoring test, 1293 interval, threshold-crossing data, 1589 Brownian motion smoking cessation, 1605 data monitoring, 2219 Cervical smears sequential monitoring, 753 Bayesian analysis, 2179 Burn-care management Chance-correlated agreement measures survival analysis, 301 reliability studies, 2191 Bypass operations Change scale non-adherence, 1185 base scores comparison, 2147—2151(L) Canada Chemotherapy monitoring cancer clinical trials, 505, 521 ovarian cancer, 2305 Cancer randomized clinical trials, 2351 clinical trials, monitoring, 435, 457, 497, 505, Chi-squared test 521 continuity correction, 2207 cluster investigations, 1757, 1931 two sided small sample tests, 777 colorectal, 339 Cholesterol geographic regions, 1915 Healthy People 2000 objectives, 207 incidence/mortality, 2395 heart disease monitoring, 967 incomplete subject birthplace data, 3 Chronic diseases kernel regression smoothing, 1249 incidence/mortality, 2395 low-dose response data, 881 Circadian rhythm phase I clinical trials, 1093 blood pressure modelling, 1665 prognostic factors, 2377 Classical error model, 1703 registry data, extraction mapping, 1249 Classification and Regression Tree (CART) screening, Bayesian strategy, 1197 technique, 2351 spatial autocorrelation indices, 1885 Clinical pharmacology studies, 633 survival analysis, 2305 Clinical trials threshold-crossing data, 1589 adenomatous colorectal polyps, 339 TIGER/S, 1953 ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, 1665 see also individual cancers Bayesian approach, 1197, 1377 Cancer Therapy Committee, UK cancer treatment screening, 1197 monitoring clinical trials, 497, 521 causation, 1477 Carcinoma contraceptives, 955 oropharynx, survival analysis, 1569 Cox model/regression trees, 2351 Cardiovascular disease data monitoring, 415-616, 2219 bivariate frailty models, 241 drop-outs, 2248-2250(L) clinical trials Europe, 509, 521 dynamic balanced randomization, 2343 intra-individual variation, 1213 ethical dilemma, 1459 mortality study, blood pressure effect, 1989 frequentist approach, 1405 Carryover effects HIV, CD4-lymphocyte counts, 835 crossover designs, 825 incomplete factorial designs, 1629 Case-cohort designs Methodological and Ethical Issues (conference), risk ratio/rate ratio estimation, 1733 1373-1534 Case-control studies multicentre, data evaluation, 1047 disease cluster investigations, 1757 non-adherence, 1185 dispersion tests/adjustments, 1683 non-melanoma skin cancer, 1339 matching designs, 993 P-values, 1443 model-building strategies, 1325 pharmacology studies, 633 Case-crossover designs, 2333 phase I cancer studies, 1093 Categorical data randomization/control, 1421 sample size calculations, 2257 registries (CTRs), ICG-CTR recommendations, Causation 1085(L) clinical trials, 1477 reporting, Bayesian analyses, 1651 CD4 lymphocyte counts run-in strategy, 111 HIV hazard estimation, 843 sample size estimation, 1643(L) HIV marker, 835, 2065, 2099, 2133 sequential monitoring, 753 CD8 lymphocytes, 843 standard perspective, 1501 SUBJECT INDEX toxicity, 661 IMSL-GGPON, 153 treatment effectiveness assessment, 1651 PEST2, 2257 treatment-by-centre interaction, 1033 S, 1953 see also Stopping rules software development/implementation, 789 Clopper-Pearson intervals SPSS, matrix H*, 2285 confidence intervals, 809 statistical graphics software, 1953 medical audits, 2179 TIGER, 1755 Cluster analysis VESPERS-11, 249 AIDS incidence data, 311 Wilcoxon test, 1063 cluster definition, 1763 see also BMPD...; GLIM...; SAS... extraction mapping, 1249 Computer tomography health department investigations, 1757 liver metastases, 2191 mapped data, 1275 mediastinal metastases, 1293 methods comparison, 1763 Concomitancy overview, 1755 physiological pulse series, 2043 rare data, 1773 Conditional analysis scale effects, 1869 crossover designs, 825 statistics/computing workshop, 1751-1968 Conditional binomial test Tango’s index, 1813 pair-matched studies, 699 Cluster configuration Conditional independence models one-dimensional scan statistic, 1853 epidemiological studies, 1703 Cluster sampling Conditional likelihood design effects, 1259 matched designs, 993 CMF see Comparative mortality figures Conditional maximum likelihood estimates Cognitive-behavioural programmes logit models, 1969 prevention of tobacco use, 365 Conditional probability estimator Cohen’s kappa competing risks failure time data, 737 estimation, 2207 Conditioned life tables, 767 reliability measures, 2191 Conferences see Special Issues Colonoscopy Confidence intervals adenomatous colorectal polyps, 339 binomial, 809 Colorectal cancer, 399 equivalence definition, 2009 Combination therapy expected widths, 809 two-stage testing, 645 first event occurrence, 685 Combinatorial methods frequentist approach, 1405 disease clusters, 1773 HIV seroconversion, 153 Community intervention studies interpretation, 1651 health promotion, 329 inverse, formula, 2025 Comparative mortality figures (CMF) Confidence region disease mapping, 1895 expected square volume minimization, 1999 Competing risk analysis Confounders registry random losses, 767 continuous, case-control studies, 993 Competing risks failure time data, 737 monotonic increase with age, 1989 Complementary log-log model see also Nuisance parameters design effects, 1259 Confounding Compliance cluster analysis, 1763 CT run-in strategy, 111 initial measurements, 1213 Computer packages, 241 smoking cessation, 1605 C.A.MAN, 1965 Congestive heart failure CAST, 1967 event rate equivalence trials, 2009 data verification, 1535 Consistency paradox, 2191 DISMAP, 1965 Continual reassessment method (CRM) EGRET, 2147-2151(L) simulation study, 1093 FORTRAN, 153 Continuation ratio model FORTRAN 77, 1155 sample size calculations, 2257 GEE Poisson regression, 1019 Continuity corrected score intervals IMSL, 1125 confidence intzrvals, 809 2428 SUBJECT INDEX Continuity corrected Wald interval CPPT see Coronary Primary Prevention Trial confidence intervals, 809 Credibility intervals Continuous confounders Bayesian approach, 1405 case-control studies, 993 Cronbach’s alpha Continuous exposures index correlation, 365 case-control studies, 993 Cross-validation monotonic increase with age, 1989 survival analysis, 2305 Continuous monitoring Crossover designs, 69 clinical trials, 2219 bioavailability, 1109 Continuous time autoregressive models conditional analysis, 825 tumour biomarker data, 265 multivariate response, 69 Contraceptives power, 1239 comparison, menstrual diary data, 955 random effects model, 2147-2151(L) Coronary artery bypass operations regression towards the mean, 1086-—1089(L) non-adherence, 1185 Cumulative hazard rate estimator, 2315 Coronary heart disease (CHD) Cumulative incidence curve longitudinal data, 2169 Kaplan-Meier curve alternative, 737 multivariate analysis, 967 Cumulative regression plots Coronary occlusive disease survival analysis, 1569 angiography, 1155 Cumulative sum Coronary Primary Prevention Trial adverse drug reactions, 2383 clinical trial, 111 average run lengths, 13 Corrections to published papers, 1269 gamma-method comparison, 13 Correlated samples Cusum see Cumulative sum method design effects, 1259 Cosinor model Damped exponential model circadian blood pressure data, 1665 CD4 counts, 2133 Cost considerations Damped exponential variance-covariance CT run-in strategies, 111 piecewise linear regression, 2099 Counting process theory Dampened hazard model, 617 marker-dependent hazard estimation, 843 Data bases Covariance structure models TIGER, 1953 dietary assessment, 925 Data entry measurement error, 925, 937 verification, 1535 Covariates Data monitoring imbalance, ANCOVA, 101 Clinical Trials (workshop), 415-616 influences, 2099 Data monitoring boards (DMBs) measurement error, epidemiological studies, pharmaceutical industry, 493, 555, 571 1703 randomized clinical trials, 425, 433 potential confgunder, 1989 see also Monitoring Coverage functions Data monitoring committees (DMCs) confidence intervals, 809 Canadian trial groups, 505, 521 Cox proportional hazards model, 1733, 2133 cancer, 435, 457 burn-care management, 301 composition, 543 cross-validation, 2305 drug sponsor’s view, 481, 493 multistate analysis, 2315 Europe, 509, 521 multistate survival models, 2315 external DMCs, 471, 503 prognostic factors, 2377 independence, moral case, 575, 581 quality adjusted survival analysis, 975 NIH questionnaire, 543, 553 rate ratio estimation, 1733 operation, 527 regression tree comparison, 2351 Southwest Oncology Group, 451, 457 risk analysis, 1589 spending functions, 2219 smoking cessation, 1605 UK experience, 497, 521 sparse stratified data, 2285 Data safety monitoring boards (DSMBs), 419, surrogate endpoints, 835 433, 527 threshold-crossing data, 1589 Death certificates treatment parameters, 1353 extraction mapping, 1249 SUBJECT INDEX Death probability Diurnal rhythms multistate survival models, 2315 harmonic regression analysis, 129 Decision theory Dose-toxicity relationship Bayesian expression of uncertainty, 1405 one-parameter models, 1093 Delta method two-parameter models, 1093 variance estimate, 153 Doseage Delta-beta low-dose response data, 881 menstrual diary data, 955 Double keying Dendrograms data verification, 1535 forming MSA groups, 311 Down’s syndrome Density equalized mapping projections (DEMPs), surveillance method, 13 1915 Drop-outs Density estimation longitudinal clinical trials, 2248—2250(L) survival analysis, 1569 two-treatment crossover design, 825 Dental disease see also Missing data sample size, 1079 Drugs Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA or development, 1501 Depot Provera) diurnal rhythms effect, 129 dose comparison, 955 reactions, alert systems, 2383 Depression users, HIV positive, 2065, 2087, 2099 seasonal affective disorder, 1555 DSMBs see Data safety monitoring boards Design effects Durbin-Watson statistics binary regression models, 1259 regression model selection, 1665 Deterministic model Dynamic baianced randomization measles epidemic analysis, 229 clinical trials, 2343 threshold-crossing data, 1589 Diabetes Ederer-Myers-Mantel test (E-M-M) county-level mortality rates, 393 clustering in time, 1813 Diagnosis Edgeworth expansion, 1813 tests, ROC curve, 1293 Eigen values Diagnostic procedures RA transition matrix, 1171 predictive value equality, 185 EM algorithm Diary methods multivariate random components model, 2273 dietary assessment, 925 Embryo viability menstruation, 955 in vitro fertilization, 1543 Dichotomous variables EMIP see European Myocardial Infarction behaviour change predictors, 219 Project menstrual dysfunction indicators, 355 Empirical Bayes Dietary assessment corrected, 937 measurement error, 925, 937 county-level mortality rates, 393 Direct standardization disease mapping, 1895 incidence rates, incomplete data, 3 HIV infection incidence, 1317 Directed Markov assumption, 1703 medical audits, 2179 Directional effects mixture models, 1943 spatial data, 1795 multiple exposure studies, 717 Discordant pair sample size prior information, 2009 pair-matched studies, 699 serial data, 27 Discriminant analysis time series regression relationships, 1555 rank transformation, 143 see also Bayesian methods Disease clustering see Cluster analysis Empirical Q-Q plots Disease eradication distributions, 289 case histories, 197 Empirical rejection rates Disease rates normality, 181 geographic regions, 1915 Empirical velocities spatial patterns, 1885 whole-year growth, 403 Dispersion tests Endpoints survival and case-control studies, 1683 surrogate, CD4-lymphocyte counts, 835 2430 SUBJECT INDEX Environmental epidemiology Exposure models extraction mapping, 1249 epidemiological designs, 1703 Epidemiology Extraction mapping cluster analysis workshop, 1751-1968 environmental epidemiclogy, 1249 covariate measurement errors, 1703 discriminant analysis, 143 extraction mapping, 1249 Factorial designs incidence rates, incomplete data, 3 randomized clinical trials, 1629 mapped data, 1275 two stage testing, 645 measles immunity, 229 Falsificationist view model building strategies, 1325 clinical trials, 2367 monitoring post-alarm cata, 1807 Farone common odds ratio multiple exposures, 717 test, 1293 notion of cause, 1477 FDA see Food and Drug Administration, USA retrospective time-to-event studies, 867 Fermi-Dirac models, 1773 theoretical biostatistics application, 789 Fertilization Episodic events regression model, 1543 synchronization study, 2043 Fetal size Equivalence age-related reference centiles, 917 active control studies, 2367 F,, Statistic clinical trials, 2009 joint significance testing, 1665 maintenance therapy, 1353 Fiellers theorem Error confidence intervals, 153 intra-individual variation, 1213 First occurrence measurement prevalence estimation, 685 correction, 1703 First-order linear regression coefficient dietary assessment, 925, 937 trend analysis, 27 rates, data verification, 1535 Fisher scoring Ethics in clinical trials (conference), 1373-1534 GEE estimation, 1723 EU model Fisher’s exact test in vitro fertilization, 1543 two sided small sample tests, 777 EUL model Fisher’s information matrix in vitro fertilization, 1543 asymptotic likelihood theory, 3 European Myocardial Infarction Project, 471 FIVNAT Evaluation French IVF association, 39 achieving change, 197 Foetal distress AIDS Community Demonstration Projects, data analysis, 27 219 Food and Drug Administration, USA intervention/prevention strategies, 197, 207 data monitoring, 527, 601, 609 sexual behaviour change, 219 Four-parameter logistic function Event rate equivalence trials robust parameter estimates computation, prior information, sample size, 2009 2025 Exact methods see Combinatorial methods Fourier coefficients Examination effects see Time-period effects harmonic regression model, 129 Exchangeable correlation structure Fractional factorial designs tubal sterilization, 355 clinical trials, 1629 Expected square volume Fractures minimization, 1999 disease clusters, 1773 Experimental designs Frailty distributions ANCOVA model imbalance, 101 dependence parameter, 241 NHLBI model, 425 Framingham Heart Study Exponential distribution bivariate models, 241 confidence limits, 685 summary statistics, 2169 Exponential survival model Frequentist approach recurrence rates, 339 clinical trials, 1405 Exposure factors medical audits, 2179 confounders, 1989 null hypothesis persistence, 1377 SUBJECT INDEX Functional forms log-linear models, 219 marker paths, 2099 Statistical analysis software, 1969 Global type I error semi-sequential analysis, 51 G-estimation, 1605 Good Behaviour Game G-test statistic preventative trials, 289 smoking cessation, 1605 Graft failure Gamma distribution renal transplant, 2285 modified frailty model, 241 Graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) Gamma-method competing risks failure time data, 737 Poisson cusum alternative, 13 Grant review bodies sequential procedure, 13 biostatistical research, 789 Gauss-Legendre quadrature, 617 GreenwoodYu-l e measure Gauss-Newton algorithm vaccine efficacy, 249 robust loss function modification, 2025 Greenwood’s formula Gaussian approximation variance estimation, 1353 Bayesian analysis, 717 Group sequential analysis, 51 Gaussian distribution Group sequential monitoring percentile estimates, 403 clinical trials, 2219 pushback procedure, 1033 Growth curves Gaussian kernel smoother tracking, 2153 incidence data, 311 Growth velocity Gaussian mixed models longitudinal data, 403 blood pressure data, 1665 Gaussian pseudo-random variates AIDS incidence, 311 Haemoglobin Gaussian quadrature method, 675 HIV infection marker, 2087 Geary’s c statistic, 1885 Haemophiliacs GEE see Generalized estimating HIV positive, 2065, 2087, 2099 equations Harmonic regression analysis Generalized estimating equations (GEE) diurnal rhythms, 129 behaviour change, 219 time series regression relationships, 1555 repeated measurements, 1723 Harrell’s c index survival models, 1019 concordant predictive discrimination, tubal sterilization, 355 1693 unequally spaced binary data, 289 Hazard estimation Generalized linear models non-parametric statistics, 843 binary responses, 1259 Hazard function likelihood ratio test, 989(L) competing risks failure time data, 737 standardized mortality ratio, 1895 HIV to AIDS progession, 617 Generalized logistic models Hazard rate low-dose response data, 881 attrition bias, 1005 Generalized ¢ tests Headaches power/error, 2233, 2245 aspartame, 825 Generalized variance Health department minimization, 1999 disease cluster investigations, 1757 Genotype Health promotion population prevalence estimation, 685 community intervention studies, 329 Geographical analysis/mapping, 1869 Health strategies Geometric distribution Healthy People 2000 , 207 prevalence estimation, 685 Healthy People 2000 truncated, inter-arrival model, 2043 goals, 207 Gibbs sampler Heart disease coronary disease transition rates, 1155 cardiac transplants, 1155 measurement error problems, 1703 data monitoring, 471, 2219 GLIM computer package diurnal rhythms definition, 129 bootstrap resampling, 153 NHLBI experience, 425 2432 SUBJECT INDEX Hepatitis B mortality relationship, 2395 disease mapping, 1943 rate estimation, incomplete data, 3 Heterogeneity Incomplete data see Drop-outs; Missing data longitudinal data, 1339 Incomplete factorial designs mixture models, 1943 randomized clinical trials, 1629 spatial patterns, 1885 Individual bioequivalence, 1109 Heterogenous Poisson process (HEPP) Infant mortality disease clusters, 1249 birth weight factor, 377 Heteroscedasticity Healthy People 2000 objectives, 207 dietary assessment, 925 Infection markers multicentre trials, 1047 HIV indicators, 2065, 2087, 2099, 2133 Heterosexuals Infectious diseases HIV positive, 2065, 2087, 2099 monitoring committees, 461, 469 Hierarchical methods Infertility multiple exposure studies, 717 in vitro fertilization, 1543 Highest posterior density (HPD) Injecting drug users transition rates, 1155 HIV positive, 2065, 2087, 2099 Hill, Sir Austin Bradford Innovative method, 355-414 bibliography, 797 Institut Gustave Roussy (Villejuif), France obituary, 795 adjuvant chemotherapy clinical trial, 51 Hip replacements Instrumental variables threshold-crossing data, 1589 attrition bias, 1005 Historical control studies Intent-to-treat analysis use of, 1373 non-adherence, 1185 HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) Inter-arrival distribution CD4-lymphocyte counts, 835 permutation test, 2043 Extending Public Health Surveillance of HIV truncated geometric, 2043 disease (workshop), 2061-2130 Inter-observer reliability incidence curve estimations, 1317 chance-correlated agreement measures, incidence/mortality, 2395 2191 progression to AIDS, 617, 2061, 2065, 2099 Interaction effects public health surveillance, 2061, 2065 crossover designs, 825 study cohorts, 2065 Interim analysis type 1, 2133 industry-sponsored trials, 471, 481 increase incidence, 153 stopping guidelines, 901 Homosexuals succession procedure, 51 HIV positive, 2065, 2087, 2099 Interim monitoring Hotelling’s T”, 1665 clinical trials, 2219 regression trees, 2153 International Collaborative Group on Clinical Huber’s loss function, 2025 Trials Registries (ICG-CTR) Human immunodeficiency virus see HIV consensus recommendations, 1085(L) Hypertension International Society for Clinical Biostatistics multicentre clinical trials, 1033, 1047 (ISCB) meetings, 2253-2414 ICG-CTR see International Collaborative Group Interval censoring on Clinical Trials Registries threshold-crossing data, 1589 IDIFF statistic, 1795 Intervention IgA see Immunogiobulin A Good Behaviour Game, 229 Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Intervention effects HIV infection marker, 2061, 2065, 2087, corrected estimator, 1213 2099 Intervention strategies Immunological markers NCHS role, 207 HIV indicators, 2065, 2087, 2099, 2133 Statistical Methods for Evaluation In vitro fertilization (IVF) (symposium), 191-414 national registry, 39 Intra-individual variation regression model, 1543 initial measurements, 1213 Incidence Inverse confidence intervals curve, HIV infection, 1317 formula, 2025