State/Culture: State-Formation after the Cultural Turn

448 Pages·1999·28.46 MB·English

by  George Steinmetz (Editor)

State/Culture
A volume in the Series
THE WILDER HOUSE SERIES IN POLITICS, HISTORY, AND CULTURE
edited by David Laitin
George Steinmetz
A full list of titles in the series appears at the end of the book.
David Laitin and George Steinmetz, Editors
Editorial Board:
Andrew Apter
Prasenjit Duara
Gary Herrigel
Steven Pincus
Martin Riesebrodt
William Sewell
STATE/CULTURE
State-Formati on after
the Cultural Turn
Edited by GEORGE STEINMETZ
Cornell University Press ITHACA AND LONDON
Copyright © 1999 by Cornell University
All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or
parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in
writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University
Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.
First published 1999 by Cornell University Press
First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 1999
Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress Catalqgingf-in-Publication Data
State/Culture : state-format ion after the cultural turn /
George Steinmetz, editor.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-0-8014-8533-6 (pbk.: alk. paper)
i. Nationalism. 2. History, Modern. 3. State, The. 4. Culture.
5. Ethnicity. 6. Multiculturalism. I. Steinmetz, George, 1957-.
0217.583 1999 98-30462
306—dc2i
Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible
suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of
its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and
acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly
composed of nonwood fibers.
Paperback printing 10 98765432
Contents
Contributors vii
Preface ix
Introduction: Culture and the State by George Steinmetz 1
PART ONE
State/Culture: Theoretical Approaches 51
1. Pierre Bourdieu, "Rethinking the State: Genesis and Structure of the
Bureaucratic Field" 53
2. Timothy Mitchell, "Society, Economy, and the State Effect" 76
3. Julia Adams, "Culture in Rational-Choice Theories of State-Formation" 98
4. John W. Meyer, "The Changing Cultural Content of the Nation-State:
A World Society Perspective" 123
PART Two
Culture and Early Modern State-Formation 145
5. Philip S. Gorski, "Calvinism and State-Formation in Early
Modern Europe" 147
6. Steven Pincus, "Nationalism, Universal Monarchy, and the
Glorious Revolution" 182
PART THREE
Culture and the Modernization/Westernization
of Non-European States 211
7. Andrew Apter, "The Subvention of Tradition: A Genealogy of the
Nigerian Durbar" 213
8. Nader Sohrabi, "Revolution and State Culture: The Circle of Justice
and Constitutionalism in 1906 Iran" 253
v
vi Contents
PART FOUR
Culture and the Modern Western State 289
9. David D. Laitin, "The Cultural Elements of Ethnically Mixed States:
Nationality Re-formation in the Soviet Successor States" 291
10. Ann Shola Orloff, "Motherhood, Work, and Welfare in the
United States, Britain, Canada, and Australia" 321
11. Mabel Berezin, "Political Belonging: Emotion, Nation, and Identity
in Fascist Italy" 355
12. Bob Jessop, "Narrating the Future of the National Economy and
the National State: Remarks on Remapping Regulation and
Reinventing Governance" 378
Epilogue: Now Where? by Charles Tilly 407
Index 421
Contributors
JULIA ADAMS is Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor.
ANDREW AFTER is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of
Chicago.
MABEL BEREZIN is Visiting Associate Professor of Sociology at the University
of California, Los Angeles.
PIERRE BOURDIEU is Professor of Sociology at the College de France.
PHILIP S. GORSKI is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Wis-
consin, Madison.
BOB JESSOP is Professor of Sociology at Lancaster University.
DAVID D. LAITIN is William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Political Science and Di-
rector of the Center for the Study of Politics, History, and Culture at the Uni-
versity of Chicago.
JOHN W. MEYER is Professor of Sociology at Stanford University.
TIMOTHY MITCHELL is Professor of Politics at New York University.
ANN SHOLA ORLOFF is Associate Professor of Sociology at Northwestern
University.
STEVEN PINCUS is Assistant Professor of History at the University of Chicago.
NADER SOHRABI is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Iowa.
GEORGE STEINMETZ is Associate Professor of Sociology and German Studies at
the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
CHARLES TILLY is Joseph L. Buttenweiser Professor of Social Science at Colum-
bia University.
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Preface
This book grew out of my ten-year involvement with the community of
scholars and students associated with the Center for the Study of Politics, His-
tory, and Culture at the University of Chicago and with the series in Politics, His-
tory, and Culture. When David Laitin, Leora Auslander, and I wrote the "mani-
festo" for the Wilder House series in 1989, we pointed to three broad themes as
the focus for the future series. It soon became clear that one of these themes,
concerning state-formation in relation to cultural systems and processes, was
generating the most exciting discussions and the largest number of submissions
to the series. A number of scholars working in the state-culture area visited the
center in subsequent years, and some ended up publishing their books in the se-
ries. These cultural studies of state-formation differ in important ways from the
state-centered and structural Marxist perspectives that dominated the field until
the end of the 19805. At the same time, there are significant differences among
these cultural approaches to the state. Thus, in addition to showcasing the vari-
ous sorts of work in this area, and the work promoted by the Politics, History,
and Culture project, one of the motivations behind the publication of State/
Culture was to permit a comparison among the differing perspectives on the
culture/state nexus in present-day scholarship.
The conjoining of the terms state and culture in the title is meant to signal
their reciprocal influence and constitution and to break with earlier imageries in
which culture was either shaped by state or ignored altogether. It is not indica-
tive of a shared theoretical perspective on the question of state-culture relations,
however.
Nor does the present collection exhaust the entire array of theoretical per-
spectives or empirical focuses that might fall under such a rubric. I decided to
emphasize studies of modern Western states and non-Western states that were
influenced or directly created by the modern West. Since cultural dynamics have
more often been granted importance in interpretations of premodern states,
both European and non-Western, it seemed reasonable to exclude these from
the collection. Nonetheless, two categories of states on the boundary of this uni-
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