state agriculture plan (sap) - Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

381 Pages·2010·5.69 MB·English

NATIONAL AGRICULTURE
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

(NADP)

STATE AGRICULTURE PLAN (SAP)

TAMIL NADU

Volume-I

Centre for Agricultural and Rural Development Studies
(CARDS)
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Coimbatore – 641 003

2009
NATIONAL AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
[
STATE AGRICULTURE PLAN
PROJECT TEAM
Overall Coordination : Dr. K. Palanisami, Director, CARDS
and Nodal Officer
(Upto 14.10.2008)
Dr.M.Chandrasekaran, Director i/c,
CARDS and Nodal Officer
(From 15.10.2008 to 03.07.2009)
Dr. N.Ajjan, Director, CARDS
and Nodal Officer
(From 04.07.2009)
Principal Coordinator : Dr. R. Venkatram, Professor and Head,
Dept. of ARM
Consultants : Dr.R.Sundaresan
Professor of Agrl.Economics (Retd.)
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Coimbatore – 3.
Dr.N.Srinivasan
Professor of Agrl.Economics (Retd.)
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Coimbatore – 3.
Thiru.T.Ragothama Rao
Principal Scientist (Retd.)
Indian Institute of Horticultural Research,
Bangalore.
Senior Research Fellows : Tmt.Camillus S Juliana
(Upto 17.10.2008)
Tmt.S. Usha Nandhini
(Upto 23.11.2009)
Mr.R.Parimalarangan
(From 14.11.2008)
Ms.K.Malarvizhi
(From 01.02.2010)
Data Entry Operators : Ms.K. Padmavathi
(Upto 24.12.2008)
Tmt.N.Suguna
(Upto 24.12.2008)
Tmt.J.Selvi
(From 23.1.2009)
Tmt.V.Yasodha
(From 23.1.2009)

PREFACE

With a view to achieve a minimum of four per cent growth in agriculture, the
Government of India launched the National Agricultural Development Programme
(NADP) during 2007-2008. Under this project, the Government of India has planned
to incentivise the State Governments to push up agricultural production. One
important mandatory of the NADP is to identify the Technical Support Institute (TSI)
and under its guidance the District Agriculture Plans (DAPs) and State Agriculture
Plan (SAP) are to be prepared. In this context, Centre for Agriculture and Rural
Development Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University has been identified as TSI
by the Government of Tamil Nadu. Accordingly, District Agriculture Plans (DAPs)
for 29 districts with the exception of the Nilgiris and Chennai districts have been
prepared with the help of concerned district administration and submitted to
Government of Tamil Nadu. Further, by consolidating the DAPs, the State
Agriculture Plan (SAP) has been prepared.

The State Agriculture Plan (SAP) is brought out in two volumes by integrating
all the 29 District Agriculture Plans. In total, there are eight chapters. The first five
chapters are accommodated in Volume I and the remaining three chapters are
discussed in Volume II. Volume I starts with the Executive Summary.
The Introduction chapter highlights the present scenario of agriculture development
and focuses its attention on the need for four percent growth in agriculture.
The methodology followed has also been briefly outlined.

Chapter II takes stock of the present available resource-base in the State,
assesses its potentials for growth in the years to come. Chapter III analyses the
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and the challenges faced by the State, from
development perspective. The development issues, on-going projects/schemes, crop
development constraints and the interventions recommended for development of crop-
husbandry are outlined in chapter IV, while the issues, constraints, on-going schemes
and interventions needed for allied sectors have been covered in chapter V.

In Volume II, Chapter VI presents sector-wise State Plan in project mode with
action plans and budget outlays required during the 11th Five year plan period.
Chapter VII deals with the performance indicators and monitoring and evaluation
mechanisms proposed. Appendices I to IX with budget details are listed in Volume II.
The continued support and encouragement extended by the Agricultural
Production Commissioner, Government of Tamil Nadu, is whole-heartedly
acknowledged with sincere thanks. The co-operation extended by the Heads of all
related line-departments in the State is also acknowledged with thanks.

We express our gratitude and sincere thanks to the Vice-Chancellor and
Registrar, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3 for their continued
encouragement and administrative support extended through out the period. Our
thanks are also due to Dr.K.Palanisami, Former Director, CARDS and
Dr.M.Chandrasekaran, Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Economics,
CARDS for their meticulous support for the smooth conduct of the project and for
taking steps on the anticipated lines in the preparation of SAP.

But for the continued support and encouragement extended by the
Government of India, the SAP might not have been prepared in the holistic form and
hence we place on record our sincere thanks to Government of India.

Finally, we will be failing in our duty, if we do not acknowledge the massive
works turned out by the consultants Dr.R.Sundaresan and Dr.N.Srinivasan, Professors
of Agrl. Economics (Retired), Th.R.Parimalarangan, Mrs. S. Ushanandhini and
Selvi. K.Malarvizhi, Senior Research Fellows and J.Selvi and V.Yasodha, Data Entry
Operators of the Project in bringing out the SAP in the present form.

Coimbatore - 3
Dated: 29.03.2010
Dr.N.Ajjan
&
Dr.R.Venkatram
[

CONTENTS

Chapter
Title Page
No.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i - xxiii
I. INTRODUCTION 1
RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE
II. 11
ECONOMY
III. SWOC ANALYSIS OF THE STATE 149
IV. DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR 168
V. DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIED SECTORS 235
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Title Page
No.
1.1 Projected Food requirement and Area needed by 2020 in Tamil Nadu 2
Gaps between Target and achievement in Area, Production and
1.2. 3
Productivity of Select Crops in Tamil Nadu
1.3 Average size of holdings in Tamil Nadu (in ha.) 6
1.4 Yield gap in major crops 7
2.1 Details of Administrative Divisions in Tamil Nadu State 20
2.2 District-wise Distribution of Normal Rainfall 22
2.3 Temporal Spread of Rainfall in Tamil Nadu State 24
2.4 Month-wise Distribution of Rainfall - Tamil Nadu 25
2.5 Types of Soil and area covered in Tamil Nadu 28
2.6 Salient Features of Soil Series of Tamil Nadu State 29
2.7 District wise Land Use Classification in Tamil Nadu - 2006 54
2.8 Land Utilization Pattern in Tamil Nadu State 56
2.9 Markov Chain Analysis – Probability Matrix 57
2.10 Operational Holdings as per Agricultural Census 59
2.11 Size of Holdings in Tamil Nadu State 60
2.12 Groundwater Potential among Blocks 61
2.13 Change in Availability of Groundwater in Tamil Nadu 69
2.14 Source-wise Net Area Irrigated and Percentage to Total Irrigated Area 70
2.15 District – wise details of Net Area and Gross Area Irrigated in TN 72
2.16 Irrigation Intensity - By Districts 75
2.17 Area, Production, Productivity of Principal Crops 78
2.18 Transitional Probability Matrix of Area under Principal Crops in TN 79
2.19 Index number of Area, Production and Yield rate of Principal crops 80
Growth Rates of Area, Production and Productivity of major Crops of
2.20 82
Tamil Nadu State
2.21 Years of Estimation of growth rates – District wise 86
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.22 88
Major Crops in Kancheepuram District
Table
Title Page
No.
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.23 89
Major Crops in Cuddalore District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.24 89
Major Crops in Vellore District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.25 90
Major Crops in Thiruvannamalai District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.26 90
Major Crops in Salem District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.27 91
Major Crops in Dharmapuri District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.28 91
Major Crops in Coimbatore District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.29 92
Major Crops in Tiruchirapalli District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.30 92
Major Crops in Pudukkottai District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.31 93
Major Crops in Thanjavur District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.32 93
Major Crops in Madurai District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.33 94
Major Crops in Ramanathapuram District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.34 94
Major Crops in Thirunelveli District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.35 95
Major Crops in Kanyakumari District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.36 95
Major Crops in Thiruvallur District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.37 95
Major Crops in Namakkal District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.38 96
Major Crops in Karur District
Table
Title Page
No.
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.39 96
Major Crops in Perambalur District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.40 97
Major Crops in Theni District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.41 97
Major Crops in Villupuram District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.42 98
Major Crops in Thiruvarur District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.43 98
Major Crops in Nagapattinam District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.44 99
Major Crops in Erode District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.45 99
Major Crops in Dindigul District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.46 100
Major Crops in Sivagangai District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.47 100
Major Crops in Virudhunagar District
Growth rates of Area, Production and Productivity of
2.48 101
Major Crops in Thoothukudi District
2.49 Crop-wise distribution of districts according to growth trends in TN 105
2.50 Area, Production and Productivity of Horticulture Crops 110
2.51 Production and Yield Rates of Horticultural Crops 113
2.52 Details of Agricultural Machinery and Implements 114
2.53 Livestock Census of Tamil Nadu 115
2.54 District wise Livestock Census – 2004 116
2.55 Breedable Cattle Population 118
2.56 Milk Production and Availability 118
2.57 District wise Milk Production 119
2.58 Poultry Population of Tamil Nadu 120
2.59 District-wise Poultry and other Animals Population 121
Table
Title Page
No.
2.60 Details of Egg Production 122
2.61 Details of Animal Health Care Activities 123
2.62 Fish Production in Tamil Nadu 124
2.63 Value of Agricultural Produce sold by Marketing Co-operatives 125
2.64 Distribution of improved Seeds by Crops 126
2.65 Seed Replacement by Crops (Percentage to Total Cropped Area) 127
2.66 Distribution of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash: by Districts 129
2.67 Pesticide Consumption (Technical Grade in MT) 131
2.68 Bio-pesticides Distribution in Tamil Nadu State 132
2.69 District wise Details of Mulberry Cultivation 134
2.70 Revenue Receipts of Mines 137
2.71 Salient Features of Population in Tamil Nadu 139
2.72 District-wise Salient Features of Census 2001 141
2.73 Population of Tamil Nadu- Decennial Growth 142
2.74 Population by Religion 2001 143
2.75 Population by Broad Industrial Categories of Workers 143
2.76 Status of Population below Poverty line in Tamil Nadu 144
2.77 Trend in Incidence of Poverty in Tamil Nadu and India 144
2.78 Human Development Index of Major States 145
2.79 Gross State Domestic Product 146
2.80 Contributions of Sub-sectors to Primary Sector at Constant Prices 146
2.81 District Income Estimates: GSDP at Constant (1993-94) Prices 147
4.2.1 Plan Schemes - State Schemes - Part I and II 169
Plan Schemes - Centrally Sponsored Scheme shared between State and
4.2.2 178
Centre
Plan Schemes - State Scheme Part I and II for the Period ending
4.2.3 192
31.08.2008
Plan Schemes - Centrally Sponsored Scheme shared between State and
4.2.4 205
Centre for the Period Ending 31.08. 2008
4.2.5 SRI Coverage details of 2007-08 and Target for 2008-09 218
4.3.1 District-wise Productivity Level of Selected Crops - 1998-99 - 2005-2006 221