Stars and Star Systems: Proceedings of the Fourth European Regional Meeting in Astronomy Held in Uppsala, Sweden, 7–12 August, 1978

272 Pages·1979·7.416 MB·English

by  B. N. Swanenburg (auth.), Bengt E. Westerlund (eds.)

ST ARS AND ST AR SYSTEMS
ASTROPHYSICS AND
SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY
A SERIES OF BOOKS ON THE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
OF SPACE SCIENCE AND OF GENERAL GEOPHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS
PUBLISHED IN CONNECTION WITH THE JOURNAL
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
Editorial Board
J. E. BLAMONT, Laboratoire d'Aetonomie, Verrieres, France
R. L. F. BOYD, University College, London, England
L. GOLDBERG, Kitt Peak National Observatory, Tucson, Ariz., U.S.A.
C. DE JAGER, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
Z. KOPAL, University of Manchester, England
G. H. LUDWIG, NOAA, National Environmental Satellite Service, Suitland. Md., U.S.A.
R. LUST, President Max·Planck·Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften, Miinchen, f:R. G.
B. M. McCORMAC, Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory, Palo Alto, Calif, U.S.A.
H. E. NEWELL, Alexandria, Va., U.S.A.
L. I. SEDOV, Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Moscow, U.S.S.R.
Z. SVESTKA, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
VOLUME 75
PROCEEDINGS
STARS AND
STAR SYSTEMS
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN REGIONAL
MEETING IN ASTRONOMY
HELD IN UPPSALA, SWEDEN, 7 - 12 AUGUST, 1978
Edited by
BENGT E. WESTERLUND
Astronomical Observatory, University of Uppsala, Sweden
Jointly sponsored by
THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION
AND
THE ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS DIVISION OF
THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
D. REIDEL PUBLISHING COMPANY
DORDRECHT: HOLLAND I BOSTON: U.S.A.
LONDON: ENGLAND
library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
European Regional Meeting in Astronomy, 4th, Uppsala, 1978.
Stars and star systems.
(Astrophysics and space science library; v. 75)
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Stars-Congresses. 2. Galaxies-Congresses. I. Westerlund, Bengt E.
II. International Astronomical Union. III. European Physical Society.
Astronomy and Astrophysics Division. IV. Title. V. Series.
QB799.E961978 523.8 79-11467
ISBN-13 :978-94-009-9442-3 e-ISBN-13 :978-94-009-9440-9
DOl: 10.1 007/978-94-009-9440-9
Published by D. Reidel Publishing Company,
P. O. Box 17, Dordrecht, Holland.
Sold and distributed in the U.S.A., Canada and Mexico
by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Inc.
lincoln Building, 160 Old Derby Street, Hingham,
Mass. 02043, U.S.A.
All Rights Reserved
Copyright © 1979 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1979
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
including photocopying, recording or by any informational storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface vii
Organizing Committees ix
List of Participants xi
GENERAL LECTURES
B. N. Swanenburg / Gamma-Ray Sources: A Puzzle, or a Piece of
the Puzzle? 1
K. 1. Kellermann / Compact Radio Sources 15
B. E. J. Pagel / Chemical Evolution of Galaxies 17
C. Chiuderi / High-Energy Phenomena on the Solar Surface 33
INVITED PAPERS
SECTION A - GALAXIES
C. A. Norman / Observational and Theoretical Aspects of Gas In
Early Type Galaxies 51
J. Bergeron / Radiative Continuum Sources and Dense Line Region In
Seyfert Type I Galaxies and Broad Line Radio Galaxies 67
R. Wielen / The Density-Wave Theory of Spiral Galaxies - Comparison
Between Theory and Observations 81
J. Guibert / Star Formation and Galactic Structure 85
SECTION B - IlIGH-ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS
J. Trumper / Recent Results on Galactic X-Ray Sources 105
E. Yeo Khachikian / On the Activity of the Nuclei of Galaxies 107
R. Mitchell/Matter Distribution - X-Ray Emission from Clusters
of Galaxies 123
SECTION C - STARS
B. Gustafsson / Colour Systems and Models of Stellar
Atmospheres 135
v
vi TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. Renzini / Mass Loss and Stellar Evolution 155
SECTION D - INTERSTELLAR PROCESSES
J. M. Greenberg / Grain Mantle Photolysis: A Connection Between
the Grain Size Distribution Function and the Abundance of
Complex Interstellar Molecules 173
M. Felli / Properties of H II Regions 195
SECTION E - ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTATION
G. Sedmak / Detection of Optical Images 221
SECTION F - EDUCATION IN ASTRONOMY
A. Sandqvist / The Teaching of Astronomy to the Swedish People 235
SUBJECT INDEX 249
LIST OF INDIVIDUAL OBJECTS 261
PREFACE
The 4th European Regional Meeting in Astronomy, entitled "Stars
and Star Systems", was held in Uppsala, Sweden, on August 7 - 12, 1978.
It was attended by 228 participants from 24 countries. Over 100 papers
were presented; this required parallel sessions throughout the Meeting.
Financial support was given by the IAU, the Swedish Department of
Education, the Swedish Natural Science Research Council, the Swedish
Institute and the University of Uppsala.
The members of the Scientific and Local Organizing Committees are
listed below, and I thank all of them for their contributions to the
Meeting.
The Meeting was divided into six sections, according to the scien
tific topics: Galaxies (A) - including galactic structure and star for
mation; High-Energy Astrophysics (B); Stars (C); Interstellar Processes
(D); Astronomical Instrumentation (E) and Education in Astronomy (F).
In each section a number of Invited Papers were presented as well as a
large number of contributed papers. In addition, each day a General
Lecture was given by an Invited Speaker.
The present volume contains all the General Lectures and all the
Invited Papers presented during the Meeting. In three cases, however,
and for various reasons, only brief summaries have been available.
Abstracts of the contributed papers may be found in Uppsala Astronomical
Observatory, Report No. 12.
The proceedings were made from camera-ready typescripts, prepared
in Uppsala. In the manuscripts, submitted by the speakers, only minor
corrections have been made. More effort has been put into getting the
Proceedings ready for pUblication at the earliest possible date than
into attaining complete homogeneity and perfection typographically.
November 1978 Bengt E. Westerlund
Editor
SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
J. Appenzeller FRG
C. Cesar sky France
M. Hack Italy
L. Houziaux Belgium
E. Kharadze USSR
F. Pacini ESO
J.-C. Peeker France
V.-C. Reddish Great Britain
B. Stromgren Denmark
J. Trumper FRG
H. van der Laan Holland
P.A. Wayman Ireland
B.E. Westerlund Sweden (Chairman)
LOCAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
B.E. Westerlund, Chairman
N.A.s. Bergwall
A.B.G. Ekman
Inga Henriksson
L. Lundin
ix
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
A. P. Abbasov, Shemaka Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan Academy
of Sciences, Shemaka, U.S.S.R.
A. Achterberg, Scherpenzeelseweg 2, 3953 MB Maarsbergen, Holland.
A. W. Al-Sabti, Scientific Research Foundation, Astronomy Dept.,
Jadhri~Baghdad, Irak
H. Albers, Sterrewacht, Leiden, Holland
A. K. Alksnis, Radioastrophysical Observatory, Latvian Academy of
Sciences, Riga, U.S.S.R.
L. Allamandola, Laboratory Astrophysica, Huygens Lab., Wassenaarseweg
78, Leiden 2405, Holland
W. J. Altenhoff, Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomy, Auf dem
Hugel 69, D-5300 Bonn I, F.R.G.
J. Andersen, Copenhagen University Observatory, Brorfelde,
DK-4340 Tollose, Denmark
I. Appenzeller, Landessternwarte, 6900 Heidelberg-Koningsstuhl, F.R.G.
A. Ardeberg, Inst. for Astronomi, Svanegatan 9, 222 24 Lund, Sweden
M. G. Arntzen, Inst. of Theor.Astrophys., Univ. of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029,
Blindern, Oslo 3, Norway
B. Aschenbach, Max-Planck-Institut, 8046 Garching, F.R.G.
E. Asseo, Observatoire de Meudon, 921 90 Meudon, France
E. Athanassoula, Besan~on Observatory, 41, Bis, Av. de l'Observatoire
25000 Besan~on, France
D. J. Axon, Astron. Center, Univ. of Sussex, Palmer, Brighton, England
F. Baas, Laboratory Astrophysica, Huyghens Lab., Wassenaarseweg 78,
Leiden 2405, Holland
B. A. Balazs, Dept. of Astronomy, L. Eotvos Univ., Kun Bela T. 2,
H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
L. Balazs, Konkoly Observatory, Box 67, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
R. Barbon, Osservatorio Astrofisico, 1-36012 Asiago, Italy
N. Barylko, Inst. of Phys. Univ. of Gdansk, Ul Wita Stwosza 57,
80-952 Gdansk, Poland
E. Basinska-Grzesik, Pol. Acad. of Sciences Cop. Astr. Center,
Chopina 12-18, 87-100 Torun, Poland
P. J. Bedijn, Max-Planck-Institut fur Phys. & Astroph., Fuhringer
Ring 6, 8000 Munchen 40, F.R.G.
N. Bell, Observatoire de Meudon, 92190 Meudon, France
K. Bennett, Space Science Dep. of ESA, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Holland
S. Bensammar, Observatoire de Paris, Meudon, F-92190 Meudon, France
J. Bergeron, ESO-CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
A. Bergstrom, FOA, Sweden
N. Bergvall, Astronomiska Observatoriet, Box 515, S-751 20 Uppsala,
Sweden
xii LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
R. H. Berman, Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Reading,
Whiteknights, England
C. Bernes, Stockholms Observatorium, 13300 Saltsjobaden, Sweden
G. Bertelli, Istituto di Astronomia, Vicolo Dell'Osservatorio 5,
35100 Padova, Italy
P. C. Bertiau, Waversebaan 220, 2030 Heverlee Leuven, Belgium
F. Bertola, Osservatorio Astronomico, 35100 Padova, Italy
C. Blanco, CBS. Astrofisica, Citta Univ., 95125 Catania, Italy
L. Bottinelli, Radioastronomie Observatoire de Meudon, 92190 Meudon,
France
C. Brihaye, 14 Schemeringlaan, 1900 Overijse, Belgium
B. Byrne, Armagh Observatory, Armagh BT 61 9DG, Ireland
J. Bystedt, Stockholms Observatorium, 13300 Saltsjobaden, Sweden
A. Caimmi, Istituto di Astronomia, vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5,
35100 Padova, Italy
D. Callebaut, Univ. Instell. Antw., Dept. Natuurkunde, Universiteits
plein 1, 8-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
R. Canal, Dep. de Fisica Univ. de Barcelona, Avda GMO Franco, 647,
Barcelona, Spain
M. Carlsson, Astronomiska Observatoriet, Box 515, S-751 20 Uppsala,
Sweden
A. Cassatella, Satellite Tracking Station, Villafranca del Castillo,
P.O. Box 54065 Madrid, Spain
L. M. Celnikier, Observatoire de Meudon, 192 Meudon, France
Yu. E. Charikov, Physio-Technical Institute, U.S.S.R. Academy of
Sciences, Leningrad, U.S.S.R.
E. Charvet, Centre d'Etude de Limiel, Villeneuve St. Georges, France
M. T. Chauville, 10 Rue Vandrezanne, 75644 Paris Cedex 13, France
V. Chedia, Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, Georgian Academy
of Sciences, Abastumani, U.S.S.R.
C. Chiuderi, Osservatorio Astrofisico de Arcetri, Largo e Fermi 5,
50125 Firenze, Italy
N. Chugai, Astr. Counc. of the U.S.S.R. Acad. of Sci., Moscow, U.S.S.R.
T. Ciurla, Astr. Obs. of the Wroclaw Univ., Ul Kopernika 11, 51-622
Wroclaw, Poland
J. Clavel, Villafranca del Cast. Sat. Tracking Stn., P.O. Box 54065,
Madrid, Spain
J.-P. de Greve, Astrophys. Inst., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Pleinlaan 2,
B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
J. Deliyannis, Laboratory of Astronomy-Univ. of Athens,
Panepistimiopolis-Aten 621, Greece
Dravins, Lunds Observatorium, Svanegatan 9, 222 24 Lund, Sweden
L. Dunker, Astronomiska Observatoriet, Box 515, S-751 20 Uppsala,
Sweden
W. Eichendorf, Astr. Inst. der Ruhr-Universitat, Postfach 102148,
D-4630 Bochum 1, F.R.G.
Y. Ekedahl, Stortloppsvagen 8 B, S-63357 Eskilstuna, Sweden
A. Ekman, Astronomiska Observatoriet, Box 515, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
A. Elvius, Stockholms Observatorium, 133 00 Saltsjobaden, Sweden
T. Elvius, Lunds Observatorium, Svaneg. 9, 222 24 Lund, Sweden
L. Erculiani-Abati, Istituto di Astronomia, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5,