Starmaking: Realism, Anti-Realism, and Irrealism PDF
Preview Starmaking: Realism, Anti-Realism, and Irrealism
Copyrlghtod Moterlal Starmaking N.c.,/islll, .-1111 i-U c.dis111, ,111d lrrcilli.'lll J edited by 1\·ter l\h'C :ormick Sl,ll'lll•ll.:ill.l!. pre.,l'llh dthter of \Hlrk pub .1 Ji,hed owr the Ja,t thirt\.· -tln- w. .u·, hY. Nd,on Coodm.m. two l·l.tn·.m.l colk.t~lll''· 1-1 ilary l'utJWll and Israel Schdikr. .m d C. C. Hempel. Oil thl· COilCeptu.tJ COillleCtiom hl.'t\h'ell 11\0ili'm .md pluraJi,m ..t lN1luti,m .tnd rcLHi\'i,m. ;md ide.tJi,m .md ditl\.Tl'lll 11otion' of rl'.tli'm - i''lll'' th.tt .tre cetltr.tl to llll't.tphysic, .111d epi,temolo~y. The title .tlludl'' to ( ;oodm.tn\ f11nou' dd\.·n'l' of the cl.titn tiLl! because .til true rcpre sem.llions of st.trs .tnd othn <llliect' .tre lwm.m crc.ttions. it I(11Jo"·' that in ,111 importallt scthl' the 'tar' thcnhcln·, are 111.1de by us. J\'\ore ~encr ally. tlw .tr~lllllellt 1110\'l'S ti·01n the ftct th.H our ri~ht rcpresetlt.ltioJI\ arl' con,truned by ll'' to the d.tim that tlw \\'orld ir...elf i' ,jmil.trk romtrucr ed. :-;,,,,.,,,,J:i,~l!. .tddressc' the <Jlll''tion of \\'lwdwr this ~eemin~ p.1r.1do:\ C.lll hl' wrned imo .1 'l'l'i philmophictl ,·icw. Putnam. Schdilcr. and Oll' Hempel otl\.'1' 'Pirited critic tl respon,es to thi' question. to .til of \\'hich Coodnun replic.; in .1 roncludin~ ch.tptn. Althou~h 1n.my other, continue to write about pluralistll. rcLttivism. and construnioJLtl ism. Sltirllltll.:iu.l!. brill~' to~cthcr the prou~onish in the debate ,inn· ir... beginning' and t{1Jio\\'s ' ' clmcly ih -.till dewlopin~ t{ll'ln .md substance. ti.Ktl'>ill~ sharply on Coodman\ claim that ··,n· make ,·cr.;ion,, .111d ri~ht ,.n,ion' lll.tkc \\·orJd,_'' J. Peter i\\c( :ormick i, J>rotC..-ssor of Philoso phy .It the UninT,ity of ( )tta\\'.1. R l·prcselltation and Mind 'l'rie'. A Bradt(ml Book -l.tcker ima.g e: .. Rthette Ndntl.t.'' rourtew. l'.tlonur/ ( :alit"lmti.t llhtitllte ofTi..·chnolo~y. Copyrighted Moterlol Copyrighted Material Starmaking Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material Representation and Mind Hilary Putnam and Ned Block, editors Represetttation and Reality Hjlary Putnam Explaining Behavior: Reasons in a World of Causes Fred Dretske The Metaphysics of Meaning Jerrold J. Katz A Theory of Content and Other Essays Jerry A. Fodor The Realistic Spirit: Wittgenstein, Philosophy, and the Mind Com Diamond The Unity of the Self Srepben L. White The Imagery Debate Michael Tye A Stt•dy of Concepts Christopher Peacocke The Rediscovery of the Mind john R. Searle Past, Space, and Self John Campbell Mental Reality Galen Strawson Ten Problems of Consciousness: A Representational Theory of the Phenomenal Mind MichaeiTye Representations, Targets, and Attitt•des Roberr Cummins A Logical journey: From Code/ to Philosophy Hao Wang Starmaking: Realism, Anti-Realism, and lrrealism J. Peter McCormick, editor Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material Starmaking Realism, Anti-Realism, and Irrealism edited by Peter J. McCormick A Bmdford Book The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material @ 1996 MassachusettS Institute of Technology All rights ~served. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from rhe publisher. This book was set in Sabon by Graphic Composition, Inc., Athens, Georgia. Prjnred on recycled paper and bound in the United Stares of America. Library of Congress Catalogiog·in-Publicarion Data Starmaking: rea.lism, anti-realism, and irrealism /edited by Peter]. McCormick. p. em. - (Representation and mind) "A Bradford book." Includes bibliographical refe.rences and index. ISBN 0-262-13320.2 (he: alk. paper) t. Realism. 2. Plu.ralism. 3. Knowledge, Theory of. 4. Ontology. 5. Goodman, Nelson. 6. Putnam, Hilary. 7. Scheffler, Israel. 8. Hempel, Carl Gusra•, 1905- I. McCom>ick, Peter (Peter J.) 11. Series. 8835.5835 1996 149'.2-dc20 95-48929 CIP Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material Contents Preface vii Acknowledgments IX Introduction xi I Backgrounds 1 The Way the World Is 3 Nelson Goodman 2 Is There Still Anything to Say about Reality and Troth? 11 Hilary Putnam 3 Epistemology of Objectivity 29 Israel Scheffler u Worldmaking 4 Words, Works, Worlds 61 Nelson Goodman 5 On Rightness of Rendering 79 Nelson Goodman m Reactions 6 Reflections on Goodman's Ways ofWorldmaking 107 Hilary Putnam 7 Comments on Goodman's Ways ofWorldmaking 115 Carl G. Hempel Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material vi Contents 8 The Wonderful Wodds of Goodman 133 lsrael Scheffler 9 On Starmaking 143 Nelson Goodman IV Elaborations 10 Notes on the Well-Made World 151 Nelson Goodman 11 Reply to Goodman 161 Israel Scheffler 12 On Some Worldly Worries 165 Nelson Goodman V Responses 13 Worldmaking: Why Worry 171 lsrnel Scheffler 14 lrrealism and Deconstruction 179 Hilary Putnam Vl Beyond Realism and Anti-Realism 15 Comments 203 Nelson Goodman Index 215 Copyrighted Material Preface The purpose of this collection is to bring together important yet widely separatedmaterialspublishedoverthelastthirty-fiveyearsthatprovidea background for understanding ongoing philosophical discussion of cen- tralproblemsofmetaphysicsandepistemology.Atissuearesuchcontrasts asrealismversusidealism,absolutismversusrelativism,andmonismver- sus pluralism. The focus is on the relation between world-versions and theworld,orworlds,answeringtothem. What distinguishesthis collectionis itsvery sharpfocus onthe evolu- tionintheunderstandingofthesedifficultmatterssince1960amongfour ofthemostimportantparticipantsinthiscontinuingreflection—theiniti- ator of the discussion, Nelson Goodman, his two Harvard colleagues, Hilary Putnam and Israel Scheffler, and his long-time friend and philo- sophical associate, Carl Hempel. Although others continue to write on the central issues here, this collection brings together the central figures in the debate since its beginnings and follows closely its still developing formandsubstance. Part I, “Backgrounds,” provides one of Goodman’s early statements, from1960,ofhisstilldevelopingreflectiononpluralism:whathereferred toas“the waystheworldis.”Putnamrelates somecontemporaryreflec- tionsontheseissuestotheearlymodernperiod,andSchefflerprovidesa close look at the Neurath–Schlick debate about a dilemma between co- herenceandcertainty. InpartII,“Worldmaking,”twoofGoodman’smostimportantelabora- tions of his earlier views, both taken from his 1978 book, Ways of Worldmaking, are reprinted. A very detailed set of reactions to these viii Preface formulations can then be found in part III, “Reactions,” which brings togetherinoneplacethepapersfromanAmericanPhilosophicalAssocia- tionSymposiumonWaysofWorldmaking.IncludedhereaswellisGood- man’s set of replies to each of the papers by Putnam, Hempel, and Scheffler. PartIV,“Elaborations,”providesasharperfocusonjustoneofvarious issues left outstanding at the end of the symposium, specifically on the difference between what can properly be said to make worlds and what canproperlybesaidtomakeversionsofworldsright.Goodmanprovides here a short set of comments to which Scheffler replies. Goodman then offersarejoindertoScheffler. ThissharpfocusisnowopenedupinpartV,“Responses,”whereSchef- fler contributes a previously unpublished paper with a view to high- lightinghiscontinuingconcernsnotsomuchwithpluralismorrelativism aswithwhathecallsacertain“voluntarism”withrespecttothemaking of worlds. Next Putnam, in a wide-ranging recent paper taken from his Gifford Lectures contrasts several of the key issues in these ongoing de- bateswithsomeworkinrecentcontinentalphilosophy.Goodmancloses thecollectioninpartVI,“BeyondRealismandAnti-Realism,”withanew setofrepliesandcomments.
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