Standard Reference Materials: A REFERENCE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF LITHIUM IN SERUM

115 Pages·1980·6.37 MB·English

by  Rance A. Velapoldi, Robert C. Paule, Robert Schaffer, John Mandel, Lawrence A. Machlan, Ernest L. Garner, Theodore C. Rains

Standard Reference Materials;

A REFERENCE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
(OTBIUM IN SERUM

Runue 4. Velynoldi, Robert C. Paul,
Roberr Sehatteg, Jolay Mande

Lawreuce A. Machin, Ernest L. Garnes,
and Theodore C, Rains

National Memaenent Laboratory
Wathingten, DO. 2284

Wi the operation of @ Commits of Lert

George N. Bowers, Jt! Bradley Th, Copeland
Foenis 0, Rodpusenis and James Bt, White

“ain nt Hoes,

2k Tinga Dereon Hepa, Hoa, 318

Fearn of Ftolgs ator Cori, Lox Anse, CA,
‘Cntr in Duroe Conch lon GA

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oe

\ee/

rcay os

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Phiip M. Klutznick, Secretary
Lute. Hodges. Jr, Daputy Seeetary
Jordan 4. Baruch, Assistant Secretory for Productivity, Technology aiid Innovation
NNnTIQhAL BUREAU OF SLAREALDS, Ernest Ambler. Director

Issued July 1980
Libsary of Congress Catalog Card Number; 80400101

National Bureau of Standards Specia] Publication 260-62

"ot Bae San. (USS 26 peas 5)

(4a a peat

in.
PREPACE

Stundard Reference Materials (SWI's] as defined by the
National Bureau of Standards are wall-characterized materials,
produced in quantity and certified Cor one or mave physical
or chomicnl propertles. They are used to assure the accuracy
and coupatibitity of measurcwouts throughout the Nation.

SRM’: are widely weed as primary standards in many diverse
fie
Dndted States and throughout the werld, They are alsa used
extensively in the ficlds of envivonmenta] and clinical anal-

in science, industry, and technology, both vithin the

ysis, In many applications, traceability of quality controt
and meseuronent processus te (he mulional weasureuent system
are carried out through the mechanism and use of SWM's. For
ueny of the Kation's scientists and technologists it is there-
fore of nore than passing interest to knew the details of the
SRY certification neasureconts mide at NUS or of recommended
nathods for use vith SRM's lv assure accurate avusurcmeats

ip the fictd. an NBS series of papers, of which this publica-
tion is a meabor, called tha NBS Special Publication - 260
Series, is reserved lor this purpose.

This 260 Serios ix dedicated to the dissenination of
information on different phases of the preparation, measure-
vent, certification and use of NBS-SRM's, In ganeval, much
nore dotuil «ill be found in those papers than is generally
atiowed, ov ad

vable, in eciontific journal articles. Tale
enables the user to assess the validity and accuracy of the
neusuremont provosses omployed, to judge the statisticul
analysis, and to tourn details of techniques and netheds
utilized for work entailing the greatest care and accuracy.
‘hese papers alse should provide sufficient additional
Information not found gn the certificate so that mew applica
tions in diverse fields not foreseen at the tine the SRM war
priginatly fssued wi]1 he sought ané found.
Inquiries concerning the tachnical content of th

paper should be directed to the author(s), they questio
concerned with the availability, delivery, pricey ote., 0
specific SRWs cited ju this document will receive proupt
attention Mont

Office of Standard Reference Materials

Nationa) Burcan of Standards
Washington, 0.¢, 20234

George A. Uriane,

ied
Office of Standard Reference Materials
OK

A Fumdamenta1 reynirewent fur assoring adequate patient
5 of constitveats in

pedy Gluids. Tho usjor functions of the Sational Jureau of

Standards (BS)

Gutorisls fer the celikeation of measureavat systems and to

cove is the need Tor the accurate anazy:

are to wrovide certified Standard ReLerence

develop new or improved analytical wéthods, The results prue-
seated in this MBS Social PubLicstion provide a wothodvloyy
of known seewrecy for the detorsinatioa of 1itndaw in serum
The evelvation of a refecence method by compurisun ta a
definitive method, used cor the First time at NBS in the
development of reference methods Tor calcim,
sium, and chloride in serus, alse vas apeliod te this werk.
This hierercty 0° onalytical procedures bos heen accepted as

a valid Zormal ior developing reference methods by the clinical

comMunLy aL a recent Conference va au Understanding for a

cium, potas

Wationel Recerence System :n Clinical csemistry.
In an undertaking of this cagnitude, extensive collaho-
ration vith a committow of exporls, Lhe Cvotex for Disease

Goutrod, the Fuel aud Deuy Administration, and a wide

spectrum vf participsting aualylical laboratories that
Stato, hospital, industrial, and acalecie
lablish a xidely secentea

includeé. Fodor:

laboruturies way evsential Le

yeference mathoc, Tt is hoped that this wark will provide
an additional basis for the Geveloyment of future clinicat

efevence nattods through coutinued ceilaoration and the

concerted efforts ef the individual parcictpancs.

Gort #. Beimaaa, Director
Ueotex Zor fmalytical Chemistry
nore

Hecansa of concern fov the useability of this Lithium
reterence mothod, Canter tor Disease Control ganayonont has
Jeelinad to endorse the method described in tis report.
However, the wuthors believe the proseat nethed should
Iunction as the relerence method uasil the efficacy of a
subsequent improved method has heen demonstrated, sincy this
procedure 25 been shorn te satisfy the generally accepted
criteria of « xeferonce method. 41S supports the evelution
of aualytical methods und belioves it important that the
principles of emslytical practice delineated in, Ube present
roport be circulated ina timely wamer

HS «iJ continue to participate in intoriaboratory
exercises that are alged toxand establishing the transfer
ability of proposed reference proceduyge sud wili maintain
its primury role in supplying SMMt's und defizitive wethods.
stalog of SI Stalin Ielerence Mera
{1999 80 edition), RW. Seward ey US
Spor, unl AU (Apa 19/4) Ss" SAU
aan

Miolaoka, RE, aid Mpa $< fog Satin
Uelerr: Mitra Preparation of ite Cast
ton Sestveiarnl Sundants, RRS Mig,
ub. 21 Clune 3968). CONS. Ot"

Micali Rf Wyman, Be ta and Fly By
‘Muni Reerence: Matric Preparation of
RWS Copperttee Spectaeheiel Stsdacts
INS Mie PB 60 Octaber 968) COMP

Miclaole. RE, Yalow, Hand Mowe
Slandact Reiotenso Matera: Metalograhic
‘Eharaeteiaation of an NBS Spence oe
Alloy Steel Sueded, BAS Mix J'ubl. 280.1
‘Ovtoter Ine) COMe- £1060"

Hage. ha. Mears, T, Wo sod Mishel, Kb
‘Stisdlerd Relereace Material: Sours: of
Infoatien, NBS Mee, Publ, 2604 Pebrtny
1955, O0M24-110S
tier: Aociray of Soltion 3-Ray Specto~
meme Aaulgss of CeppreRere Adoys. NBS
ist, Poth 2008 (Marea IMS). PBIGRDGRE™

Shultz, Joy Standard Reterence Matera:
Methods fer tbe Chenical Antti of Wite
Ceram Sind, NUS Miss Po, 26
(Guy ors Contre dae

Nett, 1 Ky Slandard Reference Marerials
IMshads forthe Chemical Azalsis of NBS
Miso. Pail, 280? (Qetaber (905), COTS
ae"

Richewa, M.S, Standard Reereves Manes
‘analyais nf iranian Crncemfertes atthe
Netw Horou of Stidandy, NBS Me Pa
2H December 1965) COMA TAR

Anh, §: Cy Chsay, b. ML. Gaeinkl 8, By
Hetchinny 1 We Rad Sandy Re Ste
sd Welrence Mater Hal? Lives of Sates
Macctale of Snotcen Radiasetiee Muclides
Toad by the Natinal Gurces of Studs,
WHS Mise, Publ. 260-9 (November IBS)

‘Yakowi, HL, Vieh, DB. lebih K.P Jase
DMichaci, RE, Standard Releenes Materia
orengenly Characeration MHS Spee:
etic Somande I Canelge Bras a eR
‘log Stee, HS Mig, Pahl AU Cece
TAS ODEETeL1063"

Nepultiady Ay abd Homing. FG, Samdard
TReforeace Sarerilet Wiaeosity of Standard
Lead Sloe Glass, NUS Wise. Publ. 260-17
‘®ovenbse 196, NS Mi, Pu, 260416

akon, H, Vid, D.L., and Mice 1.
‘Standaed Relsronte Materials: Homcgeneity
Chametereition of NES Spectnanctie Stand
tude fF White Coat fron and Stvneoe Sts
Powder Compuch, NUS Mike, Pohl. 260-12
(September 1968) NS Mi. Pot. 260-12
Spake, fT Smetiher, DA, Runge.
nod Devoe, 2. R Suadand okwee Mate
Tac Moabasee Sposccoopy Standard fe the
Cheseia! Shift of Hon Compooads, NAS “ss
bt. 260-35 (Saly 1967}. NBS Mise, Publ
patie
Nistiie Deesndoaciou o€ Oxegen Vers
Matala ~ SRA 480,109). 8 1092, RIS
Mis. Pu 260-40 (Sepoctber 19), AS Nie
a l=

Inmagine Baud Shoe, FJ. Standan! els
Tact Macale Recommended Met af Uae
‘Gf Standard Lighter Paper 1 CDSE
Ing Carbon Aro Teed im Vesting Tess for
Coane t Ligh, BAS Mie Pu. 26015
lun 10E,. (Replaced by BBS Spee, PabL
past)

Yobowit, thy Michaelis RB. and Wie, B,J
‘Standerd Relerence Matevals: Homogensity
Chancteatien of MS Spwctnnactie Sand
tude TV Preemion and. Miupiute, Charac-
‘eebation of MeDVE 140 Alloy Fabseatod by
Pender Metsiargical Methods, KES Spee
abl 36016 (Jimmy 16H) COMTELIOEI*

caubzire, £1, Champion, Cf, Garba. EL,
W. ie Sagara Retorooce Rlateris: Hovie
Ail, Inge and Away Standard Relerense
taernby SS. Spec abl 26047 Febery
1910, Ow al Print
ater, 5. By Munich) Paty and Cesled, N,
Gastundara Reteronce Mattils: Calibre
fon af NES Sosoadnry Sandars Magar Tape
{Couper ior Reeroae lng he

Spesasn A, "Rif Spo, Publ 20-6 (November
Jot5), (oe SRS Spee Pu 36029)

raul Ry te and Mandal, J, Stara Meferenoe
incr Ania of Trershorsny Meviure
Tees on the Vane Psesae of Geld Ceci
‘Romo Samied Reference Matai 75). NDS
‘Spee Pant 20:19 Gnuiry (970, PBYBOUEI™

Paks i. Cand Mandel, Standard Referenot
Matias Anas of bselabrator) Vs
‘Bonn a Voque Fess of Cada
Sioer, NBS Spee Pom slat aary 1.
bacrarestig

‘vakovion H. Tori ©. By amd Wicks RE
‘Standard Resoince Matariate Heaangeneity
Cheractsuation Fe) St Aly, NBS Spe
Pot ta Gebruns 1971). COMET

supaliane, Aa a08 Hlawtie, £6, Sandan
Roewce diner Vivsy of a Stadoed
MovoaThzate Gls, NBS Spee FOR. 260-23
esrmber 8). CONTAMTSTe*

sipmufelt KS, Marnske, god Fagus,
Te Sianand Refrenas Matas: Companion’
(Rodan, Sharda NRE Spee Putt 2E024
Fesunes 197, CORTE

ann GFE akowita We Raster, 8. Day 608
Miceli RR, taeda ¥efgooe Wana
A Steodord Reference Matis! Costing
emioaly Toor Povere Antente, NHS 3)
Pabr Sae2s (brary 1971). COMMS EEE

Marcin. 2, Fu Standard Reference Matias:
etna Haro of Stndards 6 Stel Comer
ivroute iu Sect, SBS Spee. Bobb. 26-18
ietray 1971). 88 exact SNORT

GGrrer E,,atlan, 1 and Ses, WR,
‘Stnsdaed Weference Macatiae: Cranium
fhotopit Stmnderd Reference stevia, NBS
Spee, Publ 260-22 (Ape S71), COMTS-
tiie

amwch SFB peu, Be fo Rabe 8
ihe and Micha, Rey Sandan Relerence
Mterih: Preparation and Fvatsation ul
SRM ab ane 402 Geldsiver and Gold
Epps lls fot Mieworayan, NBS Spee
Pub aes tanga (990, COMTI SDI

lay 8. 8, Standard Renee Marie CAR
‘ton of NBS Sceuntury Senofard Magra
“Tape (Ceapetee amplnde Refereuo) Ua,
a hake Taps Ample Menuet
one 1D. CoMeE sa ~

Goevahinime, Re 8. Freeda, A. Yond
Shrievch, A.B. (sated hy WC, Seb,
Slandaed Reterence Materia: StuadaTd
Semples awed ia te USSR (A Tmt
‘oat hs Rubia HBS Spe, Publ 2009 me
Tat. cowme aang

Ms 1G. and Spark a, Saar Refrnce
‘Mave: Thermal Conducisity of Eka
fron SRA 714 fom dt 209K, NBS Spo PB
beat [towemner 1920), CON sms

Mavtodinena, Rey 1d. Laven). Wy Soulard
elena Biter Saban Guar: Cet,
foc High Accurany Spectcopbotouctes, NBS
Specs Publ 24032 (Dasober 173). 8 cent?
Shiapgr3tst

Wagner, HL. Standord Refweoce Medes
Gompareion al Orginal and Supplemeresl
SRM M5, Sinow Moller Wot Die
tasion Poietizene, NHS Spec, Pvbl, 20031
(iar usmy Conne sistem

Specks LL ant Mut J, Satan Retecce
‘Materinte Therlectic Vaogs, NOS Sper
uel 24034, (po 1972), CONT

Spacbe Mey and Mam Gy Stn
‘oot Nutsriale:"Ihesaoal Coudueuity of
‘280, NBS Spee Publ 20038 (Apa 1972)

(635, Mandel J, Moos, LJ, and Young D.
4) Sehr ene Bi 4 Ree
Scrum MUS SH 95, NBS Spm PON O36
(May WD, ConrasisaT™

Stole, JT Ball, RK. Rains, TC end Mes,
‘On Mua Reermnce Mita” Method ob
‘arms of NBS Che Standnrd, NTS Spec,
Fr 2605 ns 124 CORED 02
fast Matalin! Pregaation and Caltaton of
Stindarde a! Spectral Spectr etietance,
[NBS Spee, Publ 20-38 (ay 1972). COM
sisseet

Car AL Ke Damn, YA ist. Je Gant
Fovell RL, StindrdRetence Metis
The Bid Curent Due Metied for Ret
Chacisernaion of High-Porty Net, NES
Spee Pub 26039 (ney 197, COM2-S0250"
Menta, 6, Garo. P-D., and Meni, 0 Stunt
an Kelseace Mater Selestiom tral
nna Toayprtare Staniande Ther
Euogeratve Study (SRM 734,758, 70), NAS
Sper Publ. 26- (Agor 1972) COM 72

sine

Wood, L.A. and Shouse, PL 3., Standard
Referens Matera Ue of Santard Lig
‘Stone. Paper for Callrating Carbon Aves
Used in Testing, Teter for Colifaess
Light RBS Spee Publ 2647 (Auge 1972)
‘ooMirsamee

‘Wagner HL. and Veo, P ede, Standard
Referens haere The Charatervaion of
Liner Potsettstne, SRM 147s, NS Spee
Publ. 260-42 (Septeraher 1973). COMT2:
Pores

‘Yaka Roh 00 Mich Ry
‘Standard Relereree Mater Preparation aod
omogrorce Charateritun ofan AusoiiGe
Io Chroms-Nike) Alloy, NBS Spec Pub
Beha} (Movember 972, COMA

Sehooies, J. Suton, (3 e-xod B05. A,
“eq Sone) Reference Mate Poegattion
nd. Use af Superconductive Fixed Point
Doce, SRM Jet NAS Spec. Pobl. 20445
(ener 1972, CONS So

Greif, By Maint, Eins, 7. C. and
Rashosey, 8. D., Standard Refeeate uteri
Powdered tad Based Pat, SEM 1573, MBS
Spee, Publ. 26043 (Mirch 1973). COMP
soe
st J.C and Giseaano,P. 3. Stata Refers

(nce Mitel herbal Condstesy and
Hroeiaa? Reb Standard Refeotae Mato
fia Auuonie Snake Stee, SEM 73S
8, ron to 1200 K, BES Spe, PobL 2-45
‘Msech 1925), SRUCRLUTTOIZTS

ast JG, Standard Reference Miteriste Pha
‘oa! Redlity of Eketrlye Irom, SRD 797,
sod umes Soil Ser SESC¥4 >
{o 280K, NES Sper Publ 20047 (Rebrusry
Iya). COMDesaITE*

‘Mangan B.Wevand Wins Jo Slade Refer
ret Matyi: Deseipeionand Uae of reson
‘Thermometer for the Clinical Lanoratoy
SRM 935 andSRE034 NBSSpee Pub 26
(din 199g ects? SNOOSDOE OTITIS

‘Carpenter; B.S, vr lckoer, GM. Standard
‘Referens Merial Cate Clase Stand-
fo fn Fon Teac Ut, MES Spex PUBL
Seta vunerches 1924). SNOORODE OIA

Hus, (end Ciarestan. PJ. Sten ars
ce Materite These ondacty ond Hc
‘rin! Rect Stand efoonce Mariage
Flaroltie ton, SIEM 784 and 197 fom 40
1009 K, NBS Spee. Publ. 26050 Tune 1975)
Love SNooMrraTaaseF

Miodivens, sed Solin, JR, Standard
rere Material: Glas Piters Az Sten
elerence Material for Speetroghorometry;
Seki, Peyton: Catenion Uve- Si ot
HG, RES Symes PUBL, 26051 (eovembee 95),
SIS SNIE403-014018

nue 1.G sand Giateaann ,f, Stantand Re
foc: Material "Toran Corot el El
{ikea Resianty Standard Releence Balcila
1 nd 79, rom 403000, NUS Spee PUBL
2a 52 (Septouber 197M, SLDS6 SADIE.

Durst, Standued Reference Materiati
‘Sesnlcdinaion of pH Messorements, NBS
Spc, Path 36253 (Deoerber 15, erica),
$105 Sn00}03.015812

barks, Re Wand Mavradionyna, R Standard
‘Reciese Steet Coriteation and Uae of
‘Asis Poasan Disha Solum att
uation Abeorbeaer Star, NES Spee
abl 29054 gost 1877). BUM SOUS.
o1s2i-?

iar, DA, Ceninisan, A, bina, Sand
Tuga, TB Standard Reference Matis
ottalpy and Meat Capacity, Molybdenum
SRM 81, From 27310 200K, AWS. PUD,
DHSS (Sepromber 1977, $220" SND.
ise

Powell 1, Spo, he Tay and Hot 3. .
‘Standard Reference Materials: Standard
“Thensocouple Maer, Presi 967, BS
‘Spee, Publ 2656 CFebrvary 197), 320°
saiaannoitsea

Cab, 3. Pad Plebanatd, 1, Guide to Daed
Stam Ueference Material” NES Spec, Pu,
2a (Behram 19) SLAP SHOR
ona

ures, J, and Marco. GM. Standood Wefer=
Tranuoiion Mexeurements, SRC 1250, NES
Spe. Pb. 20-5 fn pes)

(Chang, T. and Kako, AHL, Standard Reference
Muti Eleetroa Parmigmetc Resobanee
Iejensty Standard. SEM 2501, NIS Spee
bl 240-59 (Angus 197K S230" NB.
mW.

Ww.

TABLE OF CoMrENTS

PAGE
INTRODUCTION: ©. see . 2
DAVELOPWUNT OF THR SHRM LITHIOC REFERENCE
MEU. ee cee
Ay Organization. soe ee 4
4B. Participating laboratories, Standards, Serna
Samples, and Definitive Method... 2 + +
C. Functions of the Various Groups =)... 10
Pian for Testing the Candidate Reference
Method. sees : wee 10
REPERENC METHOD PROTOCOL FOR TH vETDRUENSTION
OF SERUM LITHO ee ee ee OB
Ae Gonerad ee eS
B. Protocol Synopsis... ee ee ee BS
G. Detailed Protocol. 22. ee ee
RESULTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. 6.) 2 2) 0
A. Interlavoratory Hxercase Results.» 2... 30
DISGBBSION. Se OF
A. Candidate Protocol. 2... ee ee 8F
CONCLUSIONS ee ee TB
RFRBRENCES. oe ee 16
APPENDIE AL ee 6
APPUMDTL B.S ee TF
APPENDIX. . 3
APPRENDI. D. . we