Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings ( ANSI ASHRAE 189.1-2009 )

128 Pages·2009·1.15 MB·English

by  American Society of Heating

ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES
Standard 189.1-2009
Standard for
the Design of
High-Performance
Green Buildings
Except Low-Rise
Residential Buildings
Approved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on December 4, 2009; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on December 4,
2009; by the USGBC Board of Directors on December 1, 2009; by the IES Board of Directors on December 4, 2009; and by
the American National Standards Institute on January 22, 2010.
This standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standards
Committee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures
for timely, documented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form,
instructions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org), or in paper
form from the ASHRAE Manager of Standards.
The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or from
ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305, telephone: [phone] (worldwide), or
toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in the United States and Canada), or e-mail: [email protected]. For reprint permission,
go to www.ashrae.org/permissions.
© Copyright 2009 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. and U.S. Green Building
Council.
ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 189.1
Cognizant TC: TC 2.8, Building Environmental Impacts and Sustainability
SPLS Liaison: Allan Fraser
ASHRAE Staff Liaison: Steven C. Ferguson
IES Liaison: Rita M. Harrold
USGBC Liaison: Brendan Owens
Name Affiliation
Kent W. Peterson, Chair* P2S Engineering, Inc.
Nick Ferzacca, Vice-Chair* Architectural Engineers, Inc.
Stephen D. Kennedy, Vice-Chair* Georgia Power Company
Mark M. MacCracken, Vice-Chair* Calmac Manufacturing Corporation
John F. Hogan Chair (2006-2008) City of Seattle
Leon E. Alevantis* California Department of Public Health
James Benya* Benya Lighting Design
Harvey J. Bryan* Arizona State University
Lee W. Burgett* The Trane Company
Ron Burton* BOMA International
Paula Cino* National Multi Housing Council
Peyton Collie* SMACNA
Drury B. Crawley* U.S. Department of Energy
John Phillip Cross* American Institute of Steel Construction
Lance L. DeLaura* Southern California Gas Company
Michael C. DeWein BCAP
William M. Dillard* Mechanical Services of Central Florida
Jennifer R. Dolin (2006-2008) OSRAM Sylvania
Anthony C. Floyd* City of Scottsdale
Gregg Gress* International Code Council
Katherine G Hammack* Ernst and Young
Herman William Hoffman (2006-2008) Austin Water Utility
Donald Horn* U.S. General Services Administration
John Koeller* Koeller and Company
Thomas M. Lawrence* University of Georgia
Carl N. Lawson* Hanson Professional Services
Jeffrey Levine (2006-2008) AIA/Fairfax County
Richard Lord* United Technologies Carrier Corporation
Thomas J. Marseille* Stantec
Merle F. McBride Owens Corning
James Patrick McClendon* Walmarts Stores, Incorporated
Molly E. McGuire* Taylor Engineering
Claudia M. Newman (2006-2008) Bricklin, Newman, Dold
Brendan Owens (2006-2008) US Green Building Council
Teresa M. Rainey* Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill
Jeff Ross-Bain* Ross-Bain Green Building, LLC
Harvey M. Sachs ACEEE
Joshua Saunders Underwriters Laboratory
Lawrence J. Schoen* Schoen Engineering
Boggarm S. Setty* Setty & Associates Ltd.
Jeffrey B. Stone* American Forest & Paper Association
Wayne Stoppelmoor Schneider Electric
Robert C. Thompson* U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Martha G. VanGeem* CTL Group
* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publication
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ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 2009-2010
Steven T. Bushby, Chair Merle F. McBride
H. Michael Newman, Vice-Chair Frank Myers
Robert G. Baker Janice C. Peterson
Michael F. Beda Douglas T. Reindl
Hoy R. Bohanon, Jr. Lawrence J. Schoen
Kenneth W. Cooper Boggarm S. Setty
K. William Dean Bodh R. Subherwal
Martin Dieryckx James R. Tauby
Allan B. Fraser James K. Vallort
Katherine G. Hammack William F. Walter
Nadar R. Jayaraman Michael W. Woodford
Byron W. Jones Craig P. Wray
Jay A. Kohler Wayne R. Reedy, BOD ExO
Carol E. Marriott Thomas E. Watson, CO
Stephanie C. Reiniche, Manager of Standards
SPECIAL NOTE
This American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed under the auspices of the American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Consensus is defined by the American National Standards
Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this standard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reached by
directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity.
Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with this
standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation.
ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.
ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The Project
Committee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, all
must be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project
Committees.
The Manager of Standards should be contacted for:
a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,
b. participation in the next review of the Standard,
c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, or
d. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.
DISCLAIMER
ASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and
accepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,
or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAE’s Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its
Standards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.
ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDS
ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating
purposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing
other information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,
and conformance to them is completely voluntary.
In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,
that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.
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CONTENTS
ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009
Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings
Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
SECTION PAGE
Foreword...................................................................................................................................................................2
1 Purpose..........................................................................................................................................................3
2 Scope.............................................................................................................................................................4
3 Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms......................................................................................................5
4 Administration and Enforcement..................................................................................................................13
5 Site Sustainability.........................................................................................................................................14
6 Water Use Efficiency....................................................................................................................................18
7 Energy Efficiency..........................................................................................................................................22
8 Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)..............................................................................................................30
9 The Building’s Impact on the Atmosphere, Materials, and Resources.........................................................35
10 Construction and Plans for Operation........................................................................................................37
11 Normative References................................................................................................................................44
Normative Appendix A: Prescriptive Building Envelope Tables..........................................................................52
Normative Appendix B: Prescriptive Continuous Air Barrier...............................................................................71
Normative Appendix C: Prescriptive Equipment Efficiency Tables.....................................................................72
Normative Appendix D: Performance Option for Energy Efficiency....................................................................96
Normative Appendix E: IAQ Limit Requirements for Office Furniture Systems and Seating............................110
Normative Appendix F: Building Concentrations..............................................................................................112
Informative Appendix G: Informative References.............................................................................................113
Informative Appendix H: Integrated Design......................................................................................................117
NOTE
When addenda, errata, or interpretations to this standard have been approved, they can be downloaded free of
charge from the ASHRAE Web site at www.ashrae.org/technology.
© Copyright 2009 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
and U.S. Green Building Council
1791 Tullie Circle NE
Atlanta, GA 30329
www.ashrae.org
All rights reserved.
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(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merely considered a variety of factors, including their professional
informative and does not contain requirements necessary judgement. However, there was no overall economic assess-
for conformance to the standard. It has not been ment of the criteria within the standard. Developing an
processed according to the ANSI requirements for a economic threshold for each requirement is beyond the scope
standard and may contain material that has not been of this standard.
subject to public review or a consensus process. The standard addresses site sustainability, water use effi-
Unresolved objectors on informative material are not ciency, energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality (IEQ),
offered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.) and the building’s impact on the atmosphere, materials, and
resources. These five key subject areas, as well as plans for
FOREWORD
construction and high-performance operation, are each
This is the first edition of ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES addressed in a separate chapter using the following format:
Standard 189.1. This standard was created in a collaborative
x.1 General. This subsection includes a statement of scope
effort between ASHRAE, the U.S. Green Building Council, and
and addresses other broad issues.
the Illuminating Engineering Society. This standard is written
in code-intended language (mandatory, enforceable x.2 Compliance Paths. This subsection indicates the com-
language) so it may be referenced or adopted by enforcement pliance options for each section.
authorities as the minimum acceptable level of performance
for high-performance green buildings within their jurisdic- x.3 Mandatory Provisions. This subsection contains the
tion. States and local jurisdictions within the United States criteria that must be complied with by all projects (i.e., the
that wish to adopt Standard 189.1 into law may want to review criteria that cannot be traded off).
applicable federal laws regarding preemption and related
x.4 Prescriptive Option. This subsection contains addi-
waivers that are available from the U.S. Department of Energy
tional criteria specified in a manner that provides a simple
(www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/
way to show compliance that involves little or no calculations.
state_petitions.html).
The environmental impact of the building design, x.5 Performance Option. This subsection contains an alter-
construction, and operations industry is enormous. Develop- nate way to show compliance that is typically more complex
ment frequently alters land from natural, biologically diverse than the prescriptive option.
habitats to hardscape that is impervious and devoid of biodi-
versity. Buildings in the United States are responsible for 39% This standard is now on continuous maintenance and the
of CO emissions, 40% of energy consumption, 13% water project committee will consider changes and propose addenda
2
consumption, and 15% of GDP per year, making green build- for public review. The committee welcomes suggestions for
ing a source of significant environmental opportunity. improving the standard. Users of the standard are encouraged
The far-reaching influence of the built environment neces- and invited to use the continuous maintenance procedure to
sitates action to reduce its impact. To meet its responsibility, suggest changes. A form for submittal of a proposed change is
the project committee undertook an extensive program to included at the back of this standard. The committee will take
obtain input from all segments of industry and the public. formal action on every proposal received.
Provisions in this standard can reduce negative environmental When addenda are approved, notices will be published on
impacts through high-performance building design, construc- the ASHRAE Web site. Users are encouraged to sign up for the
tion, and operations practices. free ASHRAE Internet Listserv for this standard to receive
In arriving at the set of requirements necessary to achieve notice of all public reviews and approved and published
the performance referenced herein, the project committee addenda and errata.
2 ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009
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(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:24)$(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:31)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)&(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)!(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)!(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:16)
1. PURPOSE
The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum
requirements for the siting, design, construction, and plan for
operation of high-performance green buildings to:
a. balance environmental responsibility, resource efficiency,
occupant comfort and well being, and community sensi-
tivity, and
b. support the goal of development that meets the needs of
the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009 3
(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:22)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:26)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:31)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2) !!!(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:22)"(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:29)#(cid:16)(cid:2)
(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:24)$(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:31)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)&(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)!(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)!(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:16)
2. SCOPE building’s impact on the atmosphere, materials, and
resources.
2.1 This standard provides minimum criteria that:
2.2 The provisions of this standard do not apply to:
a. apply to the following elements of building projects:
a. single-family houses, multi-family structures of three sto-
ries or fewer above grade, manufactured houses (mobile
1. new buildings and their systems
homes) and manufactured houses (modular), and
2. new portions of buildings and their systems
b. buildings that use none of the following: electricity, fossil
3. new systems and equipment in existing buildings fuel, or water.
b. address site sustainability, water use efficiency, energy 2.3 This standard shall not be used to circumvent any safety,
efficiency, indoor environmental quality (IEQ), and the health, or environmental requirements.
4 ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009
(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:22)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:26)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:31)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2) !!!(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:22)"(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:29)#(cid:16)(cid:2)
(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:24)$(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:31)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)&(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)!(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)!(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:16)
3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND regulatory requirements, standards, and guidelines. The docu-
ACRONYMS ment includes both narrative descriptions and lists of individ-
ual items that support the design process(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:2)owner’s project
3.1 General. Certain terms, abbreviations, and acronyms are
requirements(cid:3)(cid:7)
defined in this section for the purposes of this standard. These
definitions are applicable to all sections of this standard. biobased product: a commercial or industrial product (other
Terms that are not defined herein, but that are defined in than food or feed) that is composed, in whole or in significant
standards that are referenced herein (e.g., ANSI/ASHRAE/ part, of biological products or renewable agricultural materi-
IESNA Standard 90.1), shall have the meanings as defined in als (including plant, animal, and marine materials) or forestry
those standards. materials.
Other terms that are not defined shall have their ordinar-
bio-diverse plantings: nonhomogeneous, multiple-species
ily accepted meanings within the context in which they are
plantings.
used. Ordinarily accepted meanings shall be based upon
American standard English language usage, as documented breathing zone: see ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1.
in an unabridged dictionary accepted by the authority having
brownfield site: a site documented as contaminated by means
jurisdiction.
of an ASTM E1903 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment
3.2 Definitions or a site classified as a brownfield by a local, state, or federal
government agency.
acceptance representative: An entity identified by the owner
who leads, plans, schedules, and coordinates the activities building entrance: see ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard
needed to implement the building acceptance testing activi- 90.1.
ties. The acceptance representative may be a qualified
building envelope: see ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard
employee or consultant of the owner. The individual serving as
90.1.
the acceptance representative shall be independent of the proj-
ect design and construction management, though this individ- building project: a building, or group of buildings, and site
ual may be an employee of a firms providing those services. that utilize a single submittal for a construction permit or that
are within the boundary of contiguous properties under single
adapted plants: see plants, adapted.
ownership or effective control (see owner).
adequate transit service: at least two buses (including bus
carbon dioxide equivalent (CO e): a measure used to
rapid transit), streetcars, or light rail trains per hour on week- 2
compare the impact of various greenhouse gases based on
days, operating between 6:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m., and between
their global warming potential (GWP). CO e approximates
3:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m., or at least five heavy passenger rail 2
the time-integrated warming effect of a unit mass of a given
or ferries operating between 6:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m., and
greenhouse gas, relative to that of carbon dioxide (CO ). GWP
between 3:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. 2
is an index for estimating the relative global warming contri-
agricultural land: land that is, or was within ten years prior to bution of atmospheric emissions of 1 kg of a particular green-
the date of the building permit application for the building house gas compared to emissions of 1 kg of CO . The
2
project, primarily devoted to the commercial production of following GWP values are used based on a 100-year time hori-
horticultural, viticultural, floricultural, dairy, apiary, vegeta- zon: 1 for CO , 25 for methane (CH ), and 298 for nitrous
2 4
ble, or animal products or of berries, grain, hay, straw, turf, oxide (N O).
2
seed, finfish in upland hatcheries, or livestock, and that has
classroom: a space primarily used for scheduled instructional
long-term commercial significance for agricultural produc-
activities.
tion. Land that meets this definition is agricultural land
regardless of how the land is zoned by the local government clerestory: see ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1.
with zoning jurisdiction over that land.
climate zone: see Section 5.1.4 of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA
alternate on-site sources of water: see water, alternate on-site Standard 90.1.
sources of.
cognizant authority: see ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1.
annual load factor: the calculated annual electric consump-
commissioning authority (CxA):(cid:2)An entity identified by the
tion, in kWh, divided by the product of the calculated annual
owner who leads, plans, schedules, and coordinates the
peak electric demand, in kW, and 8760 hours.
commissioning team to implement the building commission-
attic and other roofs: see ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard ing process. (cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:2)commissioning process(cid:3)(cid:7)
90.1.
commissioning plan: A document that outlines the organiza-
authority having jurisdiction (AHJ): the agency or agent tion, schedule, allocation of resources, and documentation
responsible for enforcing this standard. requirements of the building commissioning process(cid:3)(cid:2)(See
commissioning process.)
basis of design (BOD):(cid:2)a document that records the concepts,
calculations, decisions, and product selections used to meet commissioning process: A quality-focused process for
the owner’s project requirements and to satisfy applicable enhancing the delivery of a project. The process focuses upon
ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009 5
(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:12)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:24)(cid:22)(cid:21)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:26)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:31)(cid:25)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:8)(cid:2) !!!(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:22)"(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:29)#(cid:16)(cid:2)
(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:24)$(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:31)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)%(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:30)(cid:19)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:21)(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:10)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:11)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:9)(cid:23)(cid:2)&(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:2)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:18)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:11)(cid:2)!(cid:28)(cid:30)"(cid:18)(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)!(cid:19)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:21)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:10)(cid:16)
verifying and documenting that the facility and all of its daylight zone:
systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed,
tested, operated, and maintained to meet the owner's project a. adjacent to vertical fenestration (see Figure 3.1):
requirements. (See owner’s project requirements.) the area illuminated by vertical glazing, calculated as
the daylit depth multiplied by the daylit width, where
complete operational cycle: a period of time as long as one
the daylit depth is the lesser of one window head
year so as to account for climactic variations affecting outdoor
height (head height is the distance from the floor to
water consumption.
the top of the glazing) or the distance on the floor,
perpendicular to the glazing, to the nearest 56 in. (1.4
conditioned space: see ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard
m) or higher permanent partition; and the daylit
90.1.
width is the width of the window plus, on each side,
construction checklist: a form used by the contractor to verify either the distance to a 56 in. (1.4 m) or higher per-
that appropriate components are onsite, ready for installation, manent partition or one-half the distance to the clos-
correctly installed, and functional. est skylight, roof monitor, clerestory, or vertical
fenestration, or 2 ft (0.6 m),(cid:2)whichever is least. (See
continuous air barrier: the combination of interconnected skylight, roof monitor, clerestory, tubular daylighting
materials, assemblies, and flexible sealed joints and compo- device, and vertical fenestration.)
nents of the building envelope that provide airtightness to a
b. under skylights and tubular daylighting devices (see
specified permeability. (See building envelope.)
Figure 3.2): the area illuminated by skylights, calcu-
lated by adding the rough opening of the skylight
continuous daylight dimming: method of automatic lighting
plus, in each of the lateral and longitudinal dimen-
control using daylight photosensors where the lights are
sions of the skylight, the lesser of 70% of the floor-
dimmed continuously or use at least four preset levels with at
to-ceiling height, the distance to the nearest 56 in.
least a five-second fade between levels, and where the control
(1.4 m) or higher permanent partition, or one-half the
turns the lights off when sufficient daylight is available.
horizontal distance to the edge of the closest skylight,
cycles of concentration: the ratio of makeup rate to the sum of roof monitor, clerestory window, tubular daylighting
the blowdown and drift rates. device, or vertical fenestration. (See skylight, roof
monitor, clerestory, tubular daylighting device, and
vertical fenestration.)
c. under clerestory (see Figures 3.3 and 3.5): the area
illuminated by vertical fenestration in a clerestory,
calculated as the daylit depth multiplied by the daylit
width, where the daylit depth is the lesser of 70% of
the floor-to-ceiling height, the distance to the nearest
56 in. (1.4 m) or higher permanent partition, or one-
half the horizontal distance to the edge of the closest
skylight, and the daylit width is the length of the win-
dow plus the lesser of 70% of the floor-to-ceiling
(a)
(b)
Figure 3.1 Plan view of daylight zone adjacent to verti- Figure 3.2 (a) Elevation view and (b) plan view of day-
cal fenestration; W = Window Width, WH = Height above light zone under skylight.
floor to head of window.
6 ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2009