Staecraeft: Studies in Germanic Linguistics. Selected Papers from the 1st and 2nd Symposium on Germanic Linguistics, University of Chicago, 24 April 1985 and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3-4 October 1986 PDF
Preview Staecraeft: Studies in Germanic Linguistics. Selected Papers from the 1st and 2nd Symposium on Germanic Linguistics, University of Chicago, 24 April 1985 and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3-4 October 1986
ST FCR FT AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE General Editor E.F. KONRAD KOERNER (University of Ottawa) Series IV - CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY Advisory Editorial Board Henning Andersen (Los Angeles); Raimo Anttila (Los Angeles) Thomas V. Gamkrelidze (Tbilisi); John E. Joseph (College Park, Md.) Hans-Heinrich Lieb (Berlin); Ernst Pulgram (Ann Arbor, Mich.) E. Wyn Roberts (Vancouver, B.C.); Danny Steinberg (Tokyo) Volume 79 Elmer H. Antonsen and Hans Henrich Hock (eds) St fcr ft Studies in Germanic Linguistics ST FCR FT STUDIES IN GERMANIC LINGUISTICS Select Papers from the First and the Second Symposium on Germanic Linguistics University of Chicago, 24 April 1985, and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3-4 October 1986 Edited by ELMER H. ANTONSEN and HANS HENRICH HOCK JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA 1991 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Symposium on Germanic Linguistics (1st : 1985 : University of Chicago) Stæfcræft : studies in Germanic linguistics : selected papers from the First and the Sec ond Symposium on Germanic Linguistics, University of Chicago, 24 April 1985 and Uni versity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3-4 October 1986 / edited by Elmer H. Anton- sen and Hans-Henrich Hock. p. cm. - (Current issues in linguistic theory, ISSN 0304-0763; v. 79) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Germanic languages - Congresses. I. Antonsen, Elmer H. II. Hock, Hans Henrich, 1938- . III. Symposium on Germanic Linguistics (2nd : 1986 : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) IV. Title. V. Series: Amsterdam studies in the theory and his tory of linguistics science, Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory ; v. 79. PD73.S96 1985 430-dc20 91-24743 ISBN 90 272 3576 7 (Eur.) / ISBN 1-55619-134-0 (US) (alk. paper) CIP © Copyright 1991 - John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. FOREWORD 1 All the papers (except one) read at this symposium were published in original form as Ger manic Linguistics: Papers from a Symposium at the University of Chicago, April 14,1985, ed. by Jan Terje Faarlund, Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985. 2 Fourteen of the twenty-two papers presented were submitted for publication in original form in Germanic Linguistics II: Papers from the Second Symposium on Germanic Linguis tics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3-4 October 1986, ed. by Elmer H. Anton- sen and Hans Henrich Hock, Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1988. VI FOREWORD All of the authors were given the opportunity to revise and update their contributions according to their own desires. The editors wish to express their thanks to the contributors for agreeing to the inclusion of their papers, all of whom have shown great understanding and cooperation throughout the editing process, and to Geoffrey B. Muckenhirn, graduate research assistant in Ger manic Languages at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, for his expert help in preparing the final copy for this volume. Last, but not least, our thanks go to the editor of the series Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, E. F. Konrad Koerner, for his constant encouragement and support in publishing these studies for a wider audience. Urbana, Illinois Elmer H. Antonsen October 1990 Hans Henrich Hock CONTENTS Foreword v Elmer H. Antonsen On the Morphological Analysis of German: In Defense of the Category Adjective/Adverb 1 Peter Coopmans On Two Case-Based Reanalysis Representations of the Causative Construction in Dutch 27 Sarah M. B. Fagan The Unaccusative Hypothesis and a Reflexive Construction in German and Dutch 39 Hans Henrich Hock On the Origin and Development of Relative Clauses in Early Germanic, with Special Emphasis on Beowulf 55 Robert G. Hoeing Out of Control: Control Theory and its Implications for Empty Categories, Expletives, and Missing Subjects in German 91 Robert B. Howell Modern Evidence for Ancient Sound Changes: Old English Breaking and Old High German Vowel Epenthesis Revisited 103 Carol A. Leibiger Inflections and Paradigms in German Nominal Declension 115 Anatoly Liberman Phonologization in Germanic: Umlauts and Vowel Shifts 125 James W. Marchand The Sound-Shift Revisited — or Jacob Grimm Vindicated 139 viii CONTENTS Regine Moorcroft The Role of Semantic Restrictions in German Passive Formation 147 Richard L. Morris The Rise of Periphrastic Tenses in German: The Case Against Latin Influence 161 Thomas F. Shannon On the Syllabic Motivation of Inflectional Suffixes in Germanic 169 Rex A. Sprouse On a Parameter of Case Percolation 185 Master List of References 195 Index of Names 213 ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GERMAN: IN DEFENSE OF THE CATEGORY ADJECTIVE/ADVERB ELMER H. ANTONSEN University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1. Introduction At the annual meeting of the Institut für deutsche Sprache in Mannheim in the spring of 1986, the topic of discussion was the efforts made by the Federal Republic to further the study of German, both at home and abroad. It was noted that the study of German abroad continued to decline or at best was able to maintain itself only at already established levels. One of the reasons put forth for the lack of interest in the study of German in foreign countries was the difficulty, i.e., grammatical complexity, of the language itself. It was sug gested that the Federal Government and the education ministries of the various Bundesländer devote more resources to the linguistic analysis of the language and to the preparation of teaching materials (IDS-Protokoll 14.03.1986). There is no question that many foreigners consider German to be a diffi cult language to learn, but a good part of this perceived difficulty is demonstra bly the result of inadequate linguistic analyses of the structure of the language, particularly in the area of morphology. It is this area, of course, which takes up most of the space in German grammars for foreigners, with paradigm after paradigm to be learned, digested, and then applied correctly in well-formed sentences. It is something of a mystery how a language like German, which has been the object of intensive cultivation and research for at least four cen turies, can continue to be plagued by inadequate analyses, and as a direct re sult, to suffer from an at least partially undeserved reputation for being exceed ingly complex. (Although this reputation is largely undeserved from the point of view of the morphological structure of the language, it is well deserved from the point of view of the baroque syntax consciously cultivated in the written language and carried over into the most formal spoken standard. — One need only compare the highly complex style of weather reports broadcast in Stand ard German with the simple style of similar reports given in Low German!) Today, we can look back with a benevolent smile on the early German grammarians and their obvious, cramped hold on the apronstrings of Latin when they proposed a paradigm for German nouns like Johannes Meichßner's from 1538 (in Müller 1882:164):
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