Sports Medicine for Football

200 Pages·2015·5.357 MB·English

by  Tim Meyer, Oliver Faude, Karen aus der Funten

M Tim Meyer | Oliver Faude | Karen aus der Fünten
e
y
e
Topics covered in This book r |
F
a SPOrTS MedIcIne
u
d The AuThors
e
|
1 a
u
medical eligibility for Football s FOr FOOTbALL
d
e
r Tim meyer
F
2 ü
n is professor for Sports and Preventive Medicine at the Saarland
t
The sick Football Player e Insight from Professional Football
n University. Since 2001, he has accompanied the German National
for All Levels of Play
Team as medical doctor. Meyer’s main competencies range from
3 the treatment of sports medical problems in competitive sports to
The injured Football Player anti-doping management and modern performance diagnostics
in football. His research findings are used by sports physicians
4 worldwide.
WrITTen by THe GerMAn nATIOnAL TeAM PHySIcIAn
injury Prevention
Oliver Faude
The injury risk in football is quite high and every player will incur more or
5
less severe injuries in the course of their career. This is due to the stop-and- S is head of research at the section Exercise and Movement Science
Performance diagnostic measures p
at the Department of Sport, Exercise and Health of the University
go character of the game, frequent physical contacts, changes of direction o
r of Basel. For many years, he conducted performance diagnostics
and the intensity of the game. This places very specific demands on the
6 t
with the German Football Association and several German
S
sports medical aspects of Football Training players. Additionally, football players may suffer from illnesses requiring m professional teams. His research focuses on exercise physiology,
appropriate treatment to avoid possible long-term health consequences.
e football science as well as recovery in sports.
7 This book provides the reader with advice on the treatment and prevention d
i
sports nutrition of illnesses and football-related injuries. c
i
n
8 The most recent discoveries in performance diagnostics provide e Karen aus der FünTen

f
special Features of Women’s Football coaches and players with better tools to address the fitness o studied medicine (specialty orthopedics) and chiropractic and
$ 22.95/£ 16.95
requirements of the players or the training recommendations. r works at the Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine at
ISBN 978-1-78255-047-1

f Saarland University. She has served as a tournament/team doctor
9 These tools can also be of help in assembling a team. In this
o
for various organisations and sports clubs e.g., the Womens’
Football in special Climatic Conditions book, the authors provide up-to-date sports medical findings o
t Bundesliga team 1. FC Saarbrücken and the German Womens’
taken from practical experience with world class teams and b
U17 National Football Team.
10 a
make them accessible for the readers.
www.m-m-sports.com l
The Preventive Potential of Football
l
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Sports Medicine for Football
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For our long-time teacher and constant companion Prof. Dr. med. Wilfried
Kindermann, who has made a significant contribution to establishing serious
sports medicine in football.
Great care has gone into the preparation of this book, but the accuracy of
the information provided cannot be guaranteed. Neither the authors nor the
publishers can be held responsible for any damage or injury resulting from
following the advice contained herein.
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Sports Medicine for Football
Insight from Professional Football for All Levels of Play
Tim Meyer, Oliver Faude & Karen aus der Fünten
Meyer & Meyer Sport
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Original title: Sportmedizin im Fußball
Translation: Heather Ross
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Sports Medicine for Football
Maidenhead: Meyer & Meyer Sport (UK) Ltd., 2014
ISBN: 978-1-78255-711-1
All rights reserved, especially the right to copy and distribute, including the translation rights. No part of this work
may be reproduced—including by photocopy, microfilm or any other means— processed, stored electronically, copied
or distributed in any form whatsoever without the written permission of the publisher.
© 2015 by Meyer & Meyer Sport (UK) Ltd.
Aachen, Auckland, Beirut, Cairo, Cape Town, Dubai, Hägendorf, Hong Kong,
Indianapolis, Manila, New Delhi, Singapore, Sydney, Tehran, Vienna
Member of the World Sport Publishers’ Association (WSPA)
ISBN: 978-1-78255-711-1
E-Mail: [email protected]
www.m-m-sports.com
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conTenTs
CoNTeNTs
Foreword 8
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 medical eligibility for Football 10
________________________________________________________________________________________
1.1 Cardiovascular System 11
__________________________________________________________________
1.2 Musculoskeletal System 14
________________________________________________________________
2 The sick Football Player 16
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.1 Upper Respiratory Tract Infections 17
________________________________________________
2.2 Gastrointestinal Infections 20
___________________________________________________________
2.3 General Remarks on Other Infections 24
____________________________________________
2.3.1 Vaccinations 25
________________________________________________________________________________
2.4 Allergies 29
______________________________________________________________________________________
2.4.1 Bronchial Asthma 30
________________________________________________________________________
2.5 Diabetes Mellitus 30
_________________________________________________________________________
2.6 Medication 31
___________________________________________________________________________________
2.6.1 Painkillers 31
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2.6.2 Antibiotics 32
____________________________________________________________________________________
2.6.3 Antiallergenics 33
_____________________________________________________________________________
2.6.4 Nasal Drops and Sprays 33
_______________________________________________________________
3 The injured Football Player 34
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3.1 How Often Do Football Players Get Injured? 35
_________________________________
3.2 Where Do Football Injuries Occur? 36
_______________________________________________
3.3 Why Do Football Injuries Occur? 37
___________________________________________________
3.4 First Aid for Football Injuries 42
_________________________________________________________
3.4.1 Bone Fractures and Dislocations 44
__________________________________________________
3.4.2 Open Wounds 45
______________________________________________________________________________
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sporTs Medicine For FooTbALL
3.5 Basic Information About Different Injuries 46
___________________________________
3.5.1 Soft Tissue Injuries 46
_______________________________________________________________________
3.5.2 Bone Injuries 47
_________________________________________________________________________________
3.5.3 Muscle and Tendon Injuries 50
__________________________________________________________
3.5.4 Joint Injuries 55
_________________________________________________________________________________
3.6 Injuries by Body Region 59
_______________________________________________________________
3.6.1 Head Injuries 59
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.6.2 Lower-Body Injuries 65
______________________________________________________________________
3.6.3 Upper-Body Injuries 83
_____________________________________________________________________
3.6.4 Spinal Injuries 89
______________________________________________________________________________
3.6.5 Torso Injuries 92
________________________________________________________________________________
4 injury Prevention 94
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5 Performance diagnostic measures 116
_________________________________________________________________________
5.1 Physiological Profile 117
____________________________________________________________________
5.2 Endurance Tests 121
__________________________________________________________________________
5.2.1 Lab Tests 121
____________________________________________________________________________________
5.2.2 Sports-Specific Field Tests 124
___________________________________________________________
5.3 Sprint Tests 128
_________________________________________________________________________________
5.3.1 Linear Sprints 129
______________________________________________________________________________
5.3.2 Agility 131
_________________________________________________________________________________________
5.3.3 Repeated Sprint Ability 133
_______________________________________________________________
5.4 Plyometric Tests 134
__________________________________________________________________________
5.5 Sports-Specific Tests 134
___________________________________________________________________
6 sports medical aspects of Football Training 140
_______________________________________________
6.1 Organisation of Endurance Training 142
____________________________________________
6.1.1 Classic Endurance Training 142
__________________________________________________________
6.1.2 Interval Methods 144
_______________________________________________________________________
6.2 Training Explosive Power and Speed 147
___________________________________________
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sporTs Medicine For FooTbALL conTenTs
6.3 Integration of Fitness Training Into Football Training 152
__________________
6.4 Stress, Resilience and Recovery 153
___________________________________________________
6.4.1 Workload and Stress During the Season 153
______________________________________
6.4.2 Monitoring Workload and Stress 155
_________________________________________________
6.4.3 Regenerative Measures 159
_______________________________________________________________
7 sports nutrition 164
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7.1 Pre-Match Nutrition 166
____________________________________________________________________
7.2 Match Nutrition 167
__________________________________________________________________________
7.3 Post-Match Nutrition 169
__________________________________________________________________
8 special Features of Women’s Football 170
______________________________________________________________
8.1 Injuries 171
_______________________________________________________________________________________
8.1.1 Head Injuries 173
______________________________________________________________________________
8.2 Female Athlete Triad 174
___________________________________________________________________
8.3 Menstruation and Pregnancy 176
_______________________________________________________
9 Football in special Climatic Conditions 178
_____________________________________________________________
9.1 Heat 179
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9.2 Cold 183
__________________________________________________________________________________________
9.3 Altitude 184
_____________________________________________________________________________________
9.4 Jet Lag/Time Zones 184
___________________________________________________________________
10 The Preventive Potential of Football 186
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appendix 191
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bibliography 191
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Photo credits 199
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
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sporTs Medicine For FooTbALL
ForeWorD
Sports medicine content and knowledge tend to be given either too little or
too much importance, particularly in professional football; it is rare for sports
medicine issues to be dealt with in a balanced way. For example, a coach who
overestimates the physiological component of sports-specific performance
will attach too much importance to sports-medicine-based training methods.
Even physicians contribute toward the glorification of their profession by over-
medicating their protégés or administering pseudomedical quack remedies (there
is a difference between using pseudomedical remeides and polypharmacy).
However, the opposite may also happen, and proven sports-medical facts may
be completely discounted. Take as an example the need to protect players’
health in the event of infections. Neglecting to adhere to the basic rules of sports
medicine when planning training can have disastrous consequences, resulting in
unnecessarily protracted illnesses caused by overtraining or at the very least a far
from optimal training effect.
This book aims to dispel such errors and misunderstandings and aid a better
understanding of the sports medicine aspects of football (not just at an elite
level). It contains many years’ experience in medical care of teams, of advising
coaches on performance physiology and the testing of players as well as the
exchange of ideas with different protagonists of this fantastic sport. We have also
included a pinch of scientific skepticism gained from our university backgrounds,
as this prevents the overly hasty adoption of purportedly miraculous methods
and products. After all, in football, particularly in the pro game, new crazes are
the order of the day.
8
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sporTs Medicine For FooTbALL ForWord
Our book contains 10 chapters covering medical eligibility for football, illnesses,
injuries, performance diagnostics, training, nutrition, women’s football and the
preventive value of the game of football, which may also all be read separately.
While it is true that some details of sports medicine are not addressed (and
which may be found in other books), we hope that this book will provide a good
overview for coaches, players and for medical staff and other interested parties
and will also serve as a guide for players themselves for certain behaviours. As
this is our first book, constructive criticism is welcomed.
Throughout the text, unless otherwise stated, the term player refers to both
genders.
Tim Meyer Oliver Faude Karen aus der Fünten
9
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