Sports Medicine Essentials: Core Concepts in Athletic Training & Fitness Instruction

737 Pages·2007·24.234 MB·English

by  Jim Clover

Sports Medicine
Essentials
Core Concepts in Athletic Training & Fitness Instruction
2nd Edition
DEDICATION
To my four blondes:
Becki, my incredible wife, who allows me
to chase and accomplish my dreams;
Ryann, my oldest daughter, who was my steady
companion on the sideline for many years;
Sydney, my youngest daughter, whose constant vision
of what is real and what is not has kept me in line;
and my late mother—the ultimate teacher.
Sports Medicine
Essentials
Core Concepts in Athletic Training
& Fitness Instruction
2nd Edition
by Jim Clover, MEd, ATC, PTA
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Sports Medicine Essentials:Core Concepts in Athletic Training & Fitness Instruction,2nd Edition
By Jim Clover
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Contents
Preface xx
How to Use This Book xxiv
CHAPTER1
Careers in Sports Medicine
Objectives / 1 Thinking It Through / 8
Key Terms / 2 Chapter Summary / 8
Sports Medicine: The Circle of Care / 2 Student Enrichment Activities / 9
Career Opportunities / 3
Personal Attributes Required for a Career in
Sports Medicine / 6
CHAPTER 2
Athletic Training
Objectives / 10 What Does It Take to Be an Athletic Trainer? / 15
Key Terms / 11 Characteristics / 16
What Is Athletic Training? / 11 Athletic Training Curricula (From the NATABOC
The Sports Medicine Team / 11 Web Site) / 16
The Team Physician / 11 Athletic Training Practice Domains / 16
The Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC®) / 12 Employers of Athletic Training Services / 17
The Coach / 13 Ideal Practices for Athletic Trainers as
The Athlete / 14 Physician Extenders / 17
The Athletes’ Parents or Guardian / 14 Other Related Skills / 17
The School Administration / 15 The Responsibilities of an Athletic Trainer / 17
The Community Health Facilities / 15
v
vi CONTENTS
Academic Requirements and Professional Record Keeping / 23
Certification / 19 Special Instructions / 28
The ATC®Credential / 20 Chapter Summary / 29
The Athletic Training Student (ATS) / 21 Student Enrichment Activities / 30
The Athletic Training Student Aide / 22
CHAPTER 3
Strength and Conditioning Specialist
Objectives / 32 Evaluating Physical Fitness / 40
Key Terms / 33 Factors to Consider When Developing
What Does Physical Fitness Mean? / 33 a Fitness Program / 42
Are You Fit for the Job? / 34 Skill Factors in Physical Fitness / 42
Educational Requirements / 35 Health Factors in Physical Fitness / 42
Educational Materials / 36 Motivating Clients / 44
Working With Your Clients / 36 Helping Your Clients Set Goals / 44
Establishing Rapport / 38 Positive Verbal Cues / 48
Establishing Good Communication / 38 Music as a Motivator / 48
The First Sessions With Your Client / 39 The Appearance of the Facility / 48
Make Advance Contact / 39 Are the Clients Having Fun? / 48
At the First and Every Meeting / 39 The Latest Trends / 49
Be on Time / 39 Thinking It Through / 50
Your Appearance / 39 Chapter Summary / 50
Allow Extra Time for the First Session / 39 Student Enrichment Activities / 51
Be Organized / 40
CHAPTER 4
Ethical and Legal Considerations
Objectives / 53 The Athlete / 57
Key Terms / 54 The Athletes’ Parents/Guardian / 57
Introduction / 54 The Administration / 57
Team Ethics / 55 Expected Conduct for Sports Medicine Professionals
The Team Physician / 55 and Athletes / 58
The Athletic Trainer / 56 Appropriate Responses to Breaches of Ethical
The Coach / 56 andRegulatory Codes / 64
CONTENTS vii
Legal Responsibilities / 65 Risk Management in Sports / 71
Thinking It Through / 67 Thinking It Through / 75
Thinking It Through / 68 Chapter Summary / 76
The Rights of the Patient / 69 Student Enrichment Activities / 77
CHAPTER 5
Physical Fitness Assessment
Objectives / 79 Determining the Resting Heart Rate / 89
Key Terms / 80 The Pulse Recovery Step Test / 89
Fitness Evaluation / 80 Body Composition / 90
Muscular Endurance Evaluations / 81 Recommended Ranges of Body Fat / 91
Bent-Leg Sit-Ups / 81 Body Composition and Athletes / 91
Push-Ups / 82 Determining Muscle Gain or Loss / 94
Modified Push-Ups / 83 Recording / 96
Bench Jump or Step / 84 Special Considerations / 96
Flexibility Evaluations / 86 Musculoskeletal Capabilities and Limitations / 96
Sit and Reach (Trunk Flexion) / 86 Other Physical and Medical Conditions / 99
Back Bend (Trunk Extension) / 87 Thinking It Through / 100
Evaluating Cardiovascular Endurance / 87 Chapter Summary / 100
Measuring the Heart Rate / 89 Student Enrichment Activities / 101
CHAPTER 6
Nutrition and Weight Management
Objectives / 103 Fiber / 109
Key Terms / 104 Athletes and Fiber / 110
The Healthy Diet / 104 Vitamins / 111
Carbohydrates / 105 Athletes and Vitamins / 111
Athletes and Carbohydrates / 105 Minerals / 112
Protein / 106 Athletes and Minerals / 112
Athletes and Protein / 107 Water / 112
Fat / 108 Athletes and Water / 112
Fats and Cholesterol / 108 Dietary Reference Intakes / 113
Athletes and Fat / 109 The Food Guide Pyramid / 114
The Well-Balanced Diet / 119
viii CONTENTS
Using Nutrition Fact Labels to Make Wise Food Steroids / 131
Choices / 120 Creatine / 133
Daily Values and Dietary Reference Values / 121 Pre-Exercise Meals / 133
A Word About “Fast Food” / 121 Recovery / 134
Weight Control and Energy Balance / 122 Eating Disorders / 134
Body Composition and “True Weight” / 123 Bulimia Nervosa / 135
Losing Weight / 123 Anorexia Nervosa / 135
Gaining Weight / 127 The Psychological Consequences of Eating
Nutritional Supplements and Dietary Fads / 127 Disorders / 136
A Word of Caution / 130 Thinking It Through / 136
Ergogenic Aids / 131 Chapter Summary / 137
Student Enrichment Activities / 138
CHAPTER 7
Physical Conditioning
Objectives / 140 Standing Quadriceps Stretch / 153
Key Terms / 141 Gastrocnemius Stretch / 153
Introduction / 141 Soleus Stretch / 154
Basic Principles of Weight Training / 143 Strengthening Exercises / 154
The Overload Principle / 143 Isometric Exercises / 154
The Variation Principle / 144 Isotonic Exercises / 155
The Specificity Principle / 144 Isokinetic Exercises / 156
Exercising Muscles Correctly / 144 Strengthening Exercises by Muscle Group / 157
Flexibility Exercises / 147 Chest/Pectoralis Strengthening / 158
Lateral Neck Stretch / 148 Incline Bench Press—Free Weights / 158
Chest Stretch / 148 Bench Press—Free Weights / 158
Anterior Deltoid Stretch / 148 Chest Fly—Guided Weights / 159
Posterior Deltoid Stretch / 149 Incline Bench Press—Guided Weights with Variable
Triceps Stretch / 149 Resistance / 159
Wrist Stretch / 149 Deltoid Strengthening / 159
Back Extension/Abdominals Stretch / 150 Bent-Over Row—Free Weights / 160
Low Back Stretch (One Knee) / 150 Military Press—Free Weights / 160
Low Back Stretch (Both Knees) / 150 Military Press—Guided Weights / 160
Cat Stretch (Upper and Mid-Back) / 151 Deltoid Raise—Guided Weights / 161
Hip Flexor Stretch / 151 Latissimus Dorsi Strengthening / 161
Hip/Trunk/Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) Lat Pulldown—Guided Weights / 161
Stretch / 152 Rhomboid Strengthening / 162
Groin Stretch (Butterfly) / 152 Bent-Over Row—Free Weights / 162
Lying Hamstring Stretch / 152 Seated Row—Guided Weights / 162
Standing Hamstring Stretch / 153
CONTENTS ix
Triceps Strengthening / 162 Quadriceps and Gluteal Strengthening / 170
Chair Dip—Body Weight / 162 Leg Press—Guided Weights / 170
Triceps Curl—Free Weights / 163 Hack Squat Using the Leg Press—Free Weights / 170
Triceps Curl—Guided Weights / 163 Squat—Free Weights / 171
Biceps Strengthening / 163 Hamstring Strengthening / 171
Biceps Curl—Guided Weights / 164 Leg Curl—Guided Weights / 172
Biceps Curl—Free Weights (Dumbbell) / 164 Gastrocnemius and Soleus Strengthening / 172
Biceps Curl—Free Weights (Curl Bar) / 164 Heel Raise—Guided Weights / 172
Trapezoid Strengthening / 165 Cardiovascular Exercises / 173
Upright Row—Free Weights / 165 Power Walking / 173
Trunk Strengthening / 165 Running and Jogging / 174
Sit-Up (Upper Abdominals/Trunk Flexion) / 166 Aerobics and Step Classes / 174
Leg Curl (Lower Abdominals) / 166 Bicycling / 175
Internal and External Rotational Rowing Machines / 175
Trunk Curls / 166 Ski Machines / 176
Trunk Extension—Guided Weights / 167 Stair Climbers / 176
Trunk Extension—Body Weight / 168 Stair-Steppers / 176
Hip Strengthening / 168 Elliptical Trainers / 177
Hip Adduction—Guided Weights / 168 Upper-Body Ergometers (UBEs) / 177
Hip Abduction—Guided Weights / 169 Thinking It Through / 178
Hip Flexion—Guided Weights / 169 Chapter Summary / 179
Hip Extension—Guided Weights / 170 Student Enrichment Activities / 180
CHAPTER 8
Designing a Conditioning Program
Objectives / 182 Fun / 194
Key Terms / 183 Schedule Time for Rest and Sleep / 195
Individual Training Programs / 183 Safely Increasing and Maintaining
Know Your Client / 183 Fitness Levels / 195
Goals / 184 Progression / 195
Time Schedules / 185 Variety / 196
Existing Habits and Preferences / 188 Basic Walking and Jogging Programs / 196
Designing the Program / 189 A Sample Introductory Program / 199
Mode / 189 Taking Responsibility for Our Health / 205
Intensity and Capacity / 190 Thinking It Through / 206
Duration / 191 Chapter Summary / 206
Frequency / 192 Student Enrichment Activities / 208
Special Considerations / 193