SPORTS EMERGENCY CARE A TEAM APPROACH Third Edition SPORTS EMERGENCY CARE A TEAM APPROACH Third Edition Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT Jeff G. Konin, PhD, ATC, PT, FACSM, FNATA Senior Vice President: Stephanie Arasim Portnoy Vice President, Editorial: Jennifer Kilpatrick Vice President, Marketing: Michelle Gatt Acquisitions Editor: Brien Cummings SLACK Incorporated 6900 Grove Road Managing Editor: Allegra Tiver Thorofare, NJ 08086 USA Creative Director: Thomas Cavallaro 856-848-1000 Fax: 856-848-6091 Cover Artist: Katherine Christie www.Healio.com/books Project Editor: Joseph Lowery © 2018 by SLACK Incorporated All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. The procedures and practices described in this publication should be implemented in a manner consistent with the professional standards set for the circumstances that apply in each specific situation. Every effort has been made to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to correctly relate generally accepted practices. The authors, editors, and publisher cannot accept responsibility for errors or exclusions or for the outcome of the material presented herein. There is no expressed or implied warranty of this book or information imparted by it. Care has been taken to ensure that drug selection and dosages are in accordance with currently accepted/recommended practice. Off-label uses of drugs may be discussed. Due to continuing research, changes in government policy and regulations, and vari- ous effects of drug reactions and interactions, it is recommended that the reader carefully review all materials and literature provided for each drug, especially those that are new or not frequently used. Some drugs or devices in this publication have clearance for use in a restricted research setting by the Food and Drug and Administration or FDA. Each professional should determine the FDA status of any drug or device prior to use in their practice. Any review or mention of specific companies or products is not intended as an endorsement by the author or publisher. SLACK Incorporated uses a review process to evaluate submitted material. Prior to publication, educators or clinicians provide important feedback on the content that we publish. We welcome feedback on this work. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Rehberg, Robb S., author. | Konin, Jeff G., author. Title: Sports emergency care : a team approach / Robb S. Rehberg, Jeff G. Konin. Description: Third edition. | Thorofare, NJ : SLACK Incorporated, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018022460 (print) | LCCN 2018023187 (ebook) | ISBN 9781630914349 (Epub) | ISBN 9781630914356 (Web) | ISBN 9781630914332 (paperback) Subjects: | MESH: Athletic Injuries--therapy | Emergency Treatment Classification: LCC RC1210 (ebook) | LCC RC1210 (print) | NLM QT 261 | DDC 617.1/027--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018022460 For permission to reprint material in another publication, contact SLACK Incorporated. Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or academic use is granted by SLACK Incorporated provided that the appropriate fee is paid directly to Copyright Clearance Center. Prior to photocopying items, please contact the Copyright Clearance Center at 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; phone: 978-750-8400; website: www.copyright.com; email: [email protected] D EDICATION For Joelle, Anna, and Joey – you are the greatest joy of my life. And for my colleagues, the athletic trainers and EMS professionals who, day in and day out, selflessly help others when they need it the most. You are the inspiration for this book. —Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT To Lucy, who provided care for decades without any book to guide you how to do it. You simply did it. —Jeff G. Konin, PhD, ATC, PT, FACSM, FNATA C ONTENTS Dedication ........................................................................................................................................v Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................ix About the Authors ............................................................................................................................xi Contributing Authors ....................................................................................................................xiii Preface .............................................................................................................................................xv Foreword by Ronnie P. Barnes, MS, ATC ................................................................................xvii Chapter 1 Introduction to Sports Emergency Care ..........................................................1 Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT Chapter 2 Preparing for Sports Emergencies ....................................................................7 Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT and Jim Kyle, MD, FACSM Chapter 3 Assessment of Sports Emergencies ................................................................21 Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT Chapter 4 Airway Management and Breathing ..............................................................39 Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT Chapter 5 Cardiovascular Emergencies...........................................................................53 Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT Chapter 6 Care Concepts in Management of the Spine-Injured Athlete .......................63 Ron Courson, ATC, PT, NRAEMT, CSCS; Robb S. Rehberg, PhD, ATC, NREMT; and Michele J. Monaco, DSc, ATC Chapter 7 Unconsciousness and Seizures ........................................................................89 David A. Middlemas, EdD, ATC, CCISM Chapter 8 Management of Traumatic Brain Injury ......................................................103 Casey Christy, MA, ATC, CSCS Chapter 9 Injuries to the Thoracic Region ...................................................................123 Michael A. Prybicien, MA, ATC, PES, CES Chapter 10 Abdominal and Pelvic Injuries .....................................................................135 David A. Middlemas, EdD, ATC, CCISM Chapter 11 Fractures and Soft Tissue Injuries ................................................................153 Michael A. Prybicien, MA, ATC, PES, CES and Louis Rizio III, MD viii Contents Chapter 12 General Medical Emergencies .....................................................................173 John L. Davis, MS, ATC Chapter 13 Environmental Emergencies ........................................................................187 Rebecca M. Lopez, PhD, ATC, CSCS Chapter 14 Managing Mental Health Emergencies .......................................................203 Eileen Lubeck, PsyD Chapter 15 Emergency Care Considerations for the Pediatric and Youth Athlete ........213 Rebecca M. Lopez, PhD, ATC, CSCS and Jeff G. Konin, PhD, ATC, PT, FACSM, FNATA Chapter 16 Care of Athletes With Disabilities ...............................................................235 Aaron Rubin, MD, FAAFP, FACSM and Lauren M. Simon, MD, MPH, FACSM, FAAFP Chapter 17 Emergencies in Sports for the Aging Athlete ..............................................245 David Pezzullo, MS, PT, SCS, ATC Appendix Equipment Removal Techniques .......................................................................255 Financial Disclosures .....................................................................................................................267 A CKNOWLEDGMENTS Developing Sports Emergency Care: A Team Approach was just that…a team approach. There are several people who were instrumental in the development of this book that we wish to thank. Without their help, this book would never have been written. To the contributing authors: Casey Christy, you have a passion for this subject, and I’m glad we got you involved in this project. You are a true professional and a good friend. Ron Courson, whose all-around professionalism and leadership is second to none. John L. Davis (the original “cover boy” for the book), you are a friend, colleague, and role model. It meant a lot to have you involved in this project. Thanks for everything. Dr. Jim Kyle, a life-long dear friend of ours who embodies the warmest of hearts and deepest of passion in emergency care. Eileen Lubeck, for filling a critical need in this book, and for being a great example of inter- profession collaboration. Your addition to this book makes it stronger. Rebecca M. Lopez, for contributing great content on such important topics. You were wonder- ful to work with, and we truly appreciate your expert contributions. David A. Middlemas, this book is better because of your involvement. Thanks for your contri- bution, your friendship, and your help with the photo shoot. David Pezzullo, a true go-getter who simply “gets it,” thanks for your professional friendship. Michael A. Prybicien, my colleague and longtime friend. We have come a long way from those early days in our careers. Thanks for being involved in this project and for helping out in so many ways. Louis Rizio III, for finding the time in your busy schedule to contribute to this project. Your contributions were invaluable. Joelle Rehberg, for illustrating much of the line art that appears in this book, for countless hours of manuscript review, and simply for putting up with me in the process. Dr. Aaron Rubin and Dr. Lauren M. Simon, whose contributions to this text add a dimension of importance previously overlooked. Thanks also to the athletic training faculty and staff at William Paterson University: Linda Gazzillo Diaz, Alison Moquin, and Dondi Boyd, for their never-ending assistance in getting this book off the ground. Thanks also to the athletic training students of William Paterson University, especially Matthew Bergh and Tedd Rossillo (who served as models), and the athletic training stu- dents and EMS staff at Montclair State University for participating in the photo shoot for this book. Special thanks to the staff at SLACK Incorporated that have been involved in this project through the years, including Brien Cummings, Michelle Gatt, Joe Lowery, Allegra Tiver, John Bond, Jennifer Briggs, April Billick, and especially Carrie Kotlar for believing in this book and finally making it happen.
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