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Министерство образования Российской Федерации Южно-Уральский государственный университет Кафедра иностранных языков Ш 143.21 – 9 Я763 Е.Н. Ярославова, В.А. Князькова SPORTS AND GAMES (английский язык) Челябинск Издательство ЮУрГУ 2003 ББК Ч481.2.я7+Ч411.382.я7 Ярославова Е.Н., Князькова В.А. Sports and Games:английский язык. – Челябинск: Изд-во ЮУрГУ, 2003 – 68 c. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов факультета физической культуры и спорта, как дневной , так и заочной форм обучения. Цель пособия – развитие навыков устной речи, формирование основ профессионального словаря подъязыка «Спорт». Пособие построено таким образом, что позволяет в комплексе развивать как рецептивные, так и продуктивные навыки в письме, чтении и говорении. Список лит. – 4 назв. Одобрено учебно-методической комиссией факультета лингвистики. Рецензенты: к.п.н. Федотова М.Г., к.п.н. Шаламова Н.А. Издательство ЮУрГУ, 2003. 2 UNIT I. KINDS OF SPORT Ex.1 Read the list of sports and games. Mind your pronunciation. Consult the dictionary if necessary. acrobatics – акробатика ice – yachting – буерный спорт angling – рыболовный спорт ice-skating – фигурное катание archery – стрельба из лука jiu – jitsu – джи- джитсу badminton – бадминтон marksmanship - стрельба bandy – хоккей с мячом motor-racing - мотоспорт baseball – бейсбол mountaineering – альпинизм basketball – баскетбол parachutism - парашютизм boxing – бокс ping-pong = table-tennis calisthenics – художественная rowing – гребля гимнастика rugby – регби chess – шахматы sailing – парусный спорт cricket – крикет skating – конькобежный спорт croquet – крокет skiing – лыжный спорт cycling – велосипедный спорт scuba - diving – подводное плавание diving, high-diving – прыжки в воду soccer = football draughts – шашки squash – сквош fencing – фехтование surf-riding – катание на водных football – футбол лыжах hang-gliding – дельтапланеризм swimming – плавание golf – гольф table tennis – настольный теннис grass-hockey – хоккей на траве tennis – теннис gymnastics – гимнастика tourism = hiking handball – гандбол track – and – field – легкая атлетика hiking – туризм tumbling = acrobatics hockey – хоккей на льду volleyball – волейбол horsemanship – конный спорт water – polo – водное поло weight – lifting – поднятие тяжестей wrestling – борьба Ex.2. Rearrange the words given in ex.1 into groups: a) winter kinds of sport; b) summer kinds of sport. Ex.3. Think which kinds of sports are popular a) in Great Britain, b) in the USA, c) in Russia d) in other countries. 3 Ex. 4. Say who does what? e.g. sport/sportsman Someone who goes in for/does sports is a sportsman. Someone who goes in for …… is a ………… . acrobatics fencier badminton marksman cycling judoka fencing acrobat judo badminton-player marksmanship cyclist Ex. 5. What do they do? angler diver archer glider bandier hiker baseballer horseman boxer motor-racer calisthenist mountainist Ex. 6. Make a list of sports and leisure activities. Match them with either to play, to do or to go in for. Text 1 Task 1. Read and translate the text. Sailing In the sailing event, people race each other in sailboats. Wind fills the sails making the boats move quickly through the water. There will be 11 sailing events over 15 days and 9 different kinds of boats will participate. The boats are all different sizes ranging from a tiny sailboard, a surfboard with a sail, to boats that are so big they need a team to race them. Each country can only enter one boat in the sailing event. There are two kinds of races: fleet racing and match racing. In match racing, two boats race against each other. In the fleet racing events, many boats race against each other at the same time. Most events are fleet races and the first boat to cross the finish line wins the race. Boats win points for how they placed in finishing the race. So, the first place winner receives one point, the second place finisher two points, third place three points, and so on. Sailors participate in more than one event, so the winner is determined based on a few races. Unlike other Olympic events, the boat with the least points wins! Task 2. Make a summary of the text using the following phrases: 4 The title of the text is… The text is about… The main idea of the text is.. According to the text… In the conclusion… I found the text interesting/useful… Text 2 Task 1. Scan the following texts and say what they are about. Cycling In the cycling event, athletes race on bicycles. These athletes are called cyclists and they race in three different kids of races: road, track, and mountain bike. There are different bikes for the different races. Road Racing Road racing is like a marathon. It is a long race, and lots of racers begin at the same time. One racer will be the first to cross the finish line and will be the winner. The men's race takes about five hours to finish and the women's race takes about three. Because the race is so long, cyclists are allowed to stop at feeding stations, where they can get a snack and a drink. Rowing Rowing is a race that takes place in a boat. The athletes who participate in this event are called rowers. There are many different kids of rowing events at the Olympics. Boats can have one, two, four, or eight people rowing. The race for eight rowers also has a coach in the boat called a "coxswain", or "cox," for short, who steers the boat and encourages the rowers. Rowers use long, smooth boats, and they race in straight lines on flat water. If you watch a race, you will see that rowers actually sit backwards. There are two kinds of boats used, each with the oars attached to the sides of the boat: The first kind of boat is called a "scull", and each rower uses two oars. The second type is called a "sweep", and this boat only has one oar per person. Task 2. True or false? If false, correct the sentence to make it true. 1) In the cycling event the athletes racing on bicycles are called cyclers. 2) Road racing is like a marathon. It is a long race, but not many racers begin at the same time. 3) The race is very long, so cyclists may stop at feeding stations to have a snack and a drink. 4) Athletes who participate in rowing are called rowers. 5) In a ‘sweep’ an oar per person is used. Task 3. Translate the text about rowing in written form. 5 Text 3 Task 1. Read the text, divide it into parts. Track-and-Field Events Track and field is the largest Olympic sport and has 46 events and about 2,000 athletes participate. It is divided into four areas: running, jumping, throwing, and combined events. The Olympic motto, "citius, altius, fortius," means "faster, higher, stronger," and these events are about running faster, jumping higher, and throwing farther than any of the other participating athletes. Jumping is a competition to see who can jump the highest and the fastest. In some events, athletes use poles to help them jump through the air. In other events, jumpers step and hop. There are four jumping events in all. High Jump High jumpers try to jump over a bar that is held up in the air by two stands. They cannot knock down the bar when they jump. The athletes land on a big mat that keeps them from getting hurt. In each round, the bar is lifted a little higher, making it harder and harder to jump over. Athletes are eliminated as the bar gets higher. In the end, the athlete that can jump the highest wins. Most jumpers use a jumping method called the Fosbury Flop. This Flop helps them fly through the air on their backside. Pole Vault The pole vault is similar to the high jump except that jumpers use a pole to help them jump and fly through the air. The athletes dig the poles in the ground and take flight. In each round, the bar is lifted a little higher, making it harder and harder to jump over. In the end, the athlete that can jump the highest wins. Long Jump and Triple Jump In the long jump and triple jump, athletes run and then jump as far as possible landing in a pit of sand. There is a board on the ground showing them where they need to begin their jump. The athlete that goes the farthest wins. The triple jump is similar except that the athletes hop and step before jumping. Task 2. Read the text once again. Define the key words/sentences in each part. What is the main idea of each part? Task 3. Make up a plan of the text. Task 4. Translate the text. Task 5. Speak on the text according to the plan. 6 UNIT II. GAMES, PEOPLE AND PLACES Ex 1. Study the list of ball games and equipment. basketball For most ball games you need boots or training shoes tennis (trainers). squash For tennis, squash and badminton you need a racket. badminton For baseball and table tennis you need a bat. golf For golf and hockey you need clubs. rugby In tennis, volleyball and badminton there is a net across the volleyball middle of the court. baseball There is also a net around each goal in football. hockey table tennis Other sports athletics You need a track, a vest, shorts, running shoes or spikes. motor-racing You need a track too and a crash helmet. swimming You need a pool, a swimming costume (women), trunks (men). boxing You need a ring, a vest, shorts, gloves, boots. skiing You need slopes, sticks, ski suit, ski boots. Ex.2. In the dictionary find the equipment you may need for angling, chess, droughts, skating, water polo, wrestling. Ex.3. Match the columns, then make up sentences Sport Place Equipment football table gloves, boots archery pool costume badminton range ball snooker ring bow, arrows boxing course racquet, shuttlecock golf court clubs, ball swimming pitch cue, balls E.g. We do archery on a range, using a bow and arrows. Ex.4. Complete the sentences with the words from ex.1,2,3. Which sport does each of the sentences refer to? Which words tell you this? e.g. He got a hole in one on the 17th hole of the golf course. (golf – hole in one, 17th hole). 7 1) The cheers from the crowd were deafening as the ………….. ran into……… .(… – ……) 2) I’ve always loved ……… . So my parents gave me a ……… . For my 16thbirthday. (……….– ….) 3) The woman took the aim at the centre of the target, pulled back the string of her ……….and fired. (………–……,……,…...) 4) At the end of each round each ………. has to return to his corner of the ring. (…… – …………….. ) Ex.5. Write down: 1) five games where you can hit the ball (with various kinds of equipment); 2) four games where you can pass the ball; 3) three games where you can catch the ball; 4) two games where you can kick the ball; 5) one game where you can head the ball. Ex.6. Answer the questions: 1) Are there any games or sports that you watch but don’t play? 2) Are there any games or sports you play/do yourself? 3) Are there any that you are good at? 4) Are there any that you hate? 5) Are there any that are not played much in your country? 6) Which game or sport is the most popular in your country? 7) Which of them is the most dangerous to your opinion? 8) Which game or sport requires the most strength? 9) Which one has the biggest crowds? Ex.7. Discuss various sports (see Unit 1). Use adjectives to act out dialogues, as in the example. exciting волнующий fastmoving скоростной challenging вызывающий thrilling захватывающий relaxing расслабляющий competitive соперничающий dangerous опасный frightening пугающий risky опасный exhausting изнурительный demanding требующий tiring утомительный interesting интересный difficult трудный 8 E.g. Dialogue 1 – I’d love to try hang-gliding. – Really? Why? – I’m sure it would be exciting. What about you? – No, I wouldn’t like to try hang-gliding. I think it would be too frightening. – What would you like to try then? – I think I’ll try tennis there. because…. Text 1 Task 1. Read the text and make a summary. Badminton Badminton is a game where players hit a light ball, called a "shuttlecock", with a racket over a net. The shuttlecock looks like a small ball with feathers around it, and the racket looks like a tennis racket, but is smaller and lighter. In Badminton, there are singles and doubles matches. A Badminton match is played as "best-of-three," which means that the first person or team to win 2 games out of three, wins. One team sends the shuttlecock over to the other side to begin the game; this is called a "serve". Players then hit the shuttlecock back and forth over the net. They are only allowed to hit the ball once to get it over the net. Players win points if they send the shuttlecock over the net, and it lands on the ground on the other side. Text 2 Task 1. Read the text using a dictionary. Write down the translation. Equestrian Equestrian is a sport where people ride horses and is the only sport in the Olympics where men and women compete against each other. Equestrian is divided into three disciplines: dressage, jumping, and the three-day event. In the dressage event, the riders have their horses perform certain moves. Some moves make the horse walk, others make them spin, for example. Some of the moves even look a little bit like dancing. Text 3 Task 1. Scan the texts. Define what they are about. Think of the proper title to each of the texts. A) In the sport of Fencing, two athletes have a sword fight. The athletes involved are called fencers and they score points when they touch each other with their swords. When one fencer touches another, it is called a "hit". 9 The competition begins when the referee yells out, "En garde!" The fencers use three types of swords. So that they don't get hurt, the fencers wear special suits and helmets to protect themselves. These suits have electric wires in them so that a computer can detect each hit. The fencer that gets 15 hits first wins the competition. In the team event, the team that gets 45 hits first wins the competition. B) Handball is played on a court with a net at each end. The court is 40 meters long by 20 meters wide and there is a line dividing it in half. Each team has seven players who try to score goals by getting the ball into the net. The winning team is the one with most goals. The ball itself is pretty small, although it is bigger than a baseball. The players pass the ball up and down the court by throwing it to each other. Players may run with the ball, but only if they are bouncing, or "dribbling", it. Task 2. Read and translate the texts. Task 3. Speak on the text devoted to the game of handball. Task 4. Write an essay ‘My favourite kind of sport’. UNIT III. SCORE, VICTORY, DEFEAT, TIE Ex.1. Read the list of words and expressions. Mind your pronunciation. Consult the dictionary if necessary. Score score – счет tally – общий счет aggregate – общая сумма очков team scoring – командный зачет point – очко, балл goal – гол, шайба in smb’s favour – в чью-либо пользу to notch up,(collect) points – набрать очки to open the score – открыть счет What’s the score? In most games you score goals (e.g. hockey, football) or points ( table tennis, basketball). The scoring system is different in different games. Football Tennis 10