Spontaneous Abortion

396 Pages·1984·12.443 MB·English

by  M. Takada (auth.), E. S. E. Hafez (eds.)

Spontaneous Abortion
Advances in Reproductive Health Care
LHRH and Its Analogs: Contraception and Thera
peutic Applications
H. Vickery. J. J. Nestor. Jr. • E. S. E. Hafez (editors)
Spontaneous Abortion
E. S. E. Hafez (editor)
Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy
E. S. E. Hafez (editor)
Biomedical Aspects of IUDs
H. Hasson. W. A. A. van Os. E. S. E. Hafez (editors)
Prostaglandins and Fertility Regulation
M. Toppozada. M. Bygdeman. E. S. E. Hafez (editors)
Male Fertility and Its Regulation
T. Lobi. E. S. E. Hafez (editors) .
Advances in Reproductive
Health Care
Spontaneous
Abortion
Editor
E. S. E. Hafez
Executive Director,
Reproductive Health Center (USA)
& IVFjAndrology International
~~ MTP PRESS LIMITED ~.
~ a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP _
LANCASTER / BOSTON / THE HAGUE / DORDRECHT .,~.
Published in the UK and Europe by
MTP Press Limited
Falcon House
Lancaster, England
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Spontaneous abortion.-(Advances in reproductive
health care)
1. Miscarriage
I. Hafez, E. S. E. II. Series
618.3'92 RG648
ISBN 978-94-010-9791-8 ISBN 978-94-010-9789-5 (eBook)
001 10.1007/978-94-010-9789-5
Published in the USA by
MTP Press
A division of Kluwer Boston Inc
190 Old Derby Street
Hingham, MA02043, USA
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Spontaneous abortion.
(Advances in reproductive health care)
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Miscarriage. 2. Miscarriage-Etiology.
I. Hafez, E. S. E., 1922- . II. Series.
(DNLM: 1. Abortion~ongresses. WO 225 S7633
1982)
RG648.S68 1984 618.3'3 84-7840
ISBN 978-94-010-9791-8
Copyright © 1984 MTP Press Limited
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1984
All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior permission
from the publishers.
Typeset by Macmillan India Ltd, Bangalore.
Dedication
To our teacher
Tommy Nicholas Evans
The Editor most appropriately has dedicated this series on Advances in
Reproductive Health Care to Dr Tommy N. Evans, a true giant and pioneer in
the field of human reproduction. Dr Evans' lifelong contributions to this
important field of medicine are unmatched and encompass teaching, research,
national and international organizational leadership, and most importantly,
genuine concern for patients, physicians, and other researchers.
I feel honored and privileged to have been given this opportunity to
recognize Dr Tommy N. Evans, a true colleague, teacher and friend.
Amir H. Ansari
Director, Department of OB/GYN
Georgia Baptist Medical Center
Atlanta, Georgia 30312
v
Contents
Dedication: T. N. Evans A. H. Ansari v
List of Contributors xi
Foreword T. N. Evans xv
PART I. PHYSIO-ANATOMICAL PARAMETERS
1 Uterine microvasculature and spontaneous abortion
~. Takada 3
2 Repeated abortions and uterine malformations
A. J. M. Audebert, E. Cittadini and M. Cognat 15
3 Control of uterine activity in pregnancy
J. J. Amy, P. De Brucker and M. ~erckx 27
4 Adrenergic control of uterine function
J. B. Calixto, Y. S. De ~edeiros and G. A. Rae 45
PART II. ETIOLOGY 59
5 Occupational factors and reproductive outcome
I. Figa-Talamanca and L. Settimi 61
6 Spontaneous abortion following ovulation induction
N. J. Spirtos, M. F. Hayes, D. M. Magyar and N. J. Cossler 81
7 Early embryonic loss: physiology
E. S. E. Hafez 99
8 Early embryonic death - pathology and associated factors
H. Nishimura and K. Shiota 115
9 Abnormality of the ovum and abortion
K. Sato, M. ~izuno and S. Sakamoto 133
10 Repeated abortions and chromosome analysis
J. Kleinhout and K. ~adan 143
vii
CONTENTS
11 Chromosome mutations and fetal wastage
P. Husslein W. Schnedl and P. Wagenbichler 153
12 Chromosome abnormalities and advanced maternal age
K. Tsuji 165
13 Spontaneous abortion: a screening device for abnormal
conceptuses
K. Shiota 1 73
14 Pregnancy wastage in DES-exposed female progeny
N. P. Veridiano, I. Oelke and M. L. Tancer 183
15 Role of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis
in spontaneous abortion
W. Foulon and A. Naessens 189
16 Endometriosis and spontaneous abortion
J. D. Naples and R. E. Batt 199
17 Asymptomatic bacteriospermia in spontaneous abortion
B. Dahlberg 205
18 Psychological aspects of spontaneous and
adolescent abortions
M. Pajntar and J. Rojsek 213
PART III. DIAGNOSTIC ENDOCRINOLOGY AND ULTRASOUND 221
19 Pregnancy evaluation with p-hCG and ultrasound
in the first 42 days of gestation
F. R. Batzer, S. Weiner and S. L. Corson 223
20 Endocrinology of luteal phase defects, habitual abortion
and trophoblastic-luteal complex during normal and
embryopathic gestation
B. Ho Yuen S. M. Pride and B. J. Poland 241
21 Hormone patterns in early pregnancy disorders
I. Gerhard and B. Runnebaum 263
22 Predictive value of hormone measurements in threatened
abortion
J. B. Hertz 285
23 Ultrasound in early pregnancy
M. Bulic 299
24 Ultrasonic examination of early fetal dynamics and
congenital defects
J. W. Wladimiroff 307
viii
CONTENTS
PART IV. CLINICAL PARAMETERS 319
25 Spontaneous abortion due to cervical insufficiency
D. Barsoum, K. I. EI-Lamie and E. S. E. Hafez 321
26 Management of the incompetent uterine cervix: a
modified technique
B. Coutifaris and C. Coutifaris 337
27 Immunological factors in spontaneous abortion
O. Kandil, Z. EI-Sheikha, T. EI-Mekkawi and M. Mousa 343
28 Prevention of Rh immunization after spontaneous
and induced abortion
L. G. Keith, M. W. Method and G. S. Berger 353
29 Molar pregnancy etiology
R. S. Berkowitz and D. P. Goldstein 363
30 Epilogue
E. S. E. Hafez 373
Index 391
ix
List of Contri butors
J. J. AMY M. BUlle
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and
Free University of Brussels, Gynecology, Dr 'Ozren Novosel'
Academisch Ziekenhuis, Laarbeeklaan, Hospital,41ooo
101, Zagreb, Zajceva 19, YUGOSLAVIA
B-109O Brussels, BELGIUM
J. B. CALIXTO
A. J. M. AUDEBERT
Divisao De Farmacologia,
40 Cours de Verdun,
Universidade Federal De Santa
33000 Bordeaux, FRANCE
Catarina, Campus Universitario
D. BARSOUM Trindate, 88000 Florian6polis, SC
BRAZIL
EI Batal Ahmed, Abd EI Aziz At.,
Bab EI Louk, Cairo,
EGYPT E. ClnADINI
Clinica Obstetrica e Ginecologica (R)
R.E.BAn dell'Universita' di Palermo, Palermo,
Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, ITALY
State University of New York at
Buffalo, M. COGNAT'
1000 Youngs Road, Williamsville, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
N.Y. 14221, USA Hospital St, Joseph, Lyon, FRANCE
F.R. BATZER
Pennsylvania Hospital, Department of S. L. CORSON
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and
330 S. 9th Street, Gynecology,
Philadelphia, PA 19107-6096, USA Pennsylvania Hospital, 330 S-9th
Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107-6096
G.S.BERGER USA
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Department, N. J. COSSLER
Chapel Hill Fertility Services,
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
109 Conner Drive, Suite 2104,
Wayne State University School of
Chapel Hill,
Medicine,
North Carolina, USA
4707 St. Antoine, Detroit, Michigan
R. S. BERKOWITZ 48201, USA
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
Harvard Medical School, B. COUTIFARIS
New England Trophoblastic Disease Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
Center, University of Athens, Aretaison
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hospital,
75 Francis Street, Boston, 76 Vasilissis Sophias Avenue, Athens,
Massachusetts 02115, USA 611 GREECE
xi
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
C. COUTIFARIS W. FOULON
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology
Hospital of the University of 8r. Adrology
Pennsylvania, Academisch Ziekenhuis, Vrije
3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101,
19104, USA B.1090 Brussels, BELGIUM
B.DAHLBERG I. GERHARD
University of Lund, Department of Klinikum Universitiit Heidelberg,
Obstetrics/Gynecology, S-21401 Frauenklinik Gyniikologische
Malmo, SWEDEN Endokrinologie,
VofJstr. 9, 0-6900 Heidelberg,
P. DE BRUCKER WEST GERMANY
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
Free University of Brussels, D. P. GOLDSTEIN
Academisch Ziekenhuis, Laarbeeklan, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
101, New England Trophoblastic Disease
B-1090 Brussels, BELGIUM Center,
Harvard Medical School, Brigham and
I. DELKE Women's Hospital,
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, 75 Francis Street, Boston,
State University of N.Y. Downstate Massachusetts 02115, USA
Medical Center, Obstetrics and
Gynecology,
E. S. E. HAFEZ
450 Clarkson Ave, Box 24, Brooklyn,
Reproductive Health Center
N.Y. 11203, USA
IVF/Andrology International
78 Switsong, Kiawah Island, SC
Y. S. DE MEDEIROS
29455, USA
Laboratory of Pharmacology,
Health Sciences Center, Universidade
Federal de Santa Catarina, 88000 M. HAYES
Florianopolis, SC BRAZIL Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
Wayne State University School of
K. I. EL-LAMIE Medicine,
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, 275 East Hancock Avenue, Detroit,
Faculty of Medicine, Ein-Shams Michigan 48201, USA
University, Cairo, EGYPT
J.B.HERTZ
T. EL-MEKKAWI Department of Obstetrics and
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Gynecology,
AI Azhar University, Faculty of Gentofte Hospital. University of
Medicine, Copenhagen,
56 Giza Street,'1F17, Giza, Cairo, DK-2900 Hellerup, DENMARK
EGYPT
Z. EL-SHEIKHA B. HO YUEN
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and
AI Azhar University, Faculty of Gynaecology, University of British
Medicine, Columbia, 4490 Oak Street, Grace
56 Giza Street,*17, Giza, Cairo, Hospital, Vancouver, B.C., CANADA
EGYPT V6H 3V5
I. FIGA-TALAMANCA P. HUSSLEIN
I nstitute of Physiology, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology,
University of Rome, Vienna University,
Piazzo Aldo Moro, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna,
00100 Rome, ITALY AUSTRIA
xii