Spine imaging : a case-based guide to imaging and management PDF
Preview Spine imaging : a case-based guide to imaging and management
Spine Imaging Spine Imaging A Case-Based Guide to Imaging and Management Edited by Shivani Gupta, MD Mark M. Mikhael, MD Clinical Instructor in Radiology Reconstructive Spine Surgeon University of British Columbia Illinois Bone and Joint Institute Diagnostic Neuroradiologist Division of Spine Surgery Abbotsford Regional Hospital and NorthShore University Health System Cancer Center Clinician Educator Fraser Health Authority Department of Orthopedic Surgery Abbotsford, BC, Canada Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago Daniel M. Sciubba, MD Chicago, Illinois Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Savvas Nicolaou, MD Oncology, and Orthopedic Surgery Director, Spine Tumor and Spinal Associate Professor of Radiology Deformity Research Director of Emergency/Trauma Imaging Department of Neurosurgery Vancouver General Hospital Johns Hopkins University University of British Columbia Baltimore, Maryland Vancouver, BC, Canada 1 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Oxford University Press 2016 First Edition published in 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Gupta, Shivani, 1981–, editor. | Sciubba, Daniel M., editor. | Mikhael, Mark M., editor. | Nicolaou, Savvas, editor. Title: Spine imaging : a case-based guide to imaging and management / edited by Shivani Gupta, Daniel M. Sciubba, Mark M. Mikhael, Savvas Nicolaou. Description: Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, [2016] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015017610 | ISBN 9780199393947 (alk. paper) Subjects: | MESH: Spinal Diseases—diagnosis—Atlases. | Spinal Diseases—diagnosis—Case Reports. | Diagnostic Imaging—Atlases. | Diagnostic Imaging—Case Reports. | Spinal Cord Diseases—diagnosis—Atlases. | Spinal Cord Diseases—diagnosis—Case Reports. | Spinal Diseases—therapy—Atlases. | Spinal Diseases—therapy—Case Reports. Classification: LCC RD768 | NLM WE 17 | DDC 616.7/30754—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc. gov/2015017610 This material is not intended to be, and should not be considered, a substitute for medical or other professional advice. Treatment for the conditions described in this material is highly dependent on the individual circumstances. And although this material is designed to offer accurate information with respect to the subject matter covered and to be current as of the time it was written, research and knowledge about medical and health issues are constantly evolving and dose schedules for medications are being revised continually, with new side effects recognized and accounted for regularly. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties to readers, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of this material. Without limiting the foregoing, the publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties as to the accuracy or efficacy of the drug dosages mentioned in the material. The authors and the publisher do not accept, and expressly disclaim, any responsibility for any liability, loss, or risk that may be claimed or incurred as a consequence of the use and/ or application of any of the contents of this material. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed by Sheridan, USA This book is dedicated to my family, whose support and love are a large never-ending well. —Shivani Gupta To my supportive wife, Karrie, and my three wonderful children, Hayley, Camryn, and Duncan, who have all sacrificed so much in allowing me to pursue my clinical and academic endeavors. —Daniel M. Sciubba To my wife, Noha, and kids, Elizabeth and Magdalena. Thank you for your kindness and patience. —Mark M. Mikhael I dedicate my work to my lovely wife Sonya, my mother Androulla, my deceased father Charalambous, my brothers Nick and George and a special thank you and gratitude to the assistance I received from Ismail Tawakol and Shamir Rai in creating this work. —Savvas Nicolaou Preface This text represents a collaborative effort across specialties. We have put together a collective work from Neuroradiology, Orthopedic Surgery, and Neurosurgery in order to provide the most complete overview of multiple spinal entities. We hope that this text will serve as a valuable resource to medical students, mid-level pro- viders, residents, surgeons, and radiologists in order to highlight and illustrate examples of various spinal conditions with a quick reference to etiology and man- agement principles. The purpose of this book was not to create an extensive text but to provide the reader with relevant, concise information that can be practically used on a daily basis. The collaboration among radiologists, orthopedic surgeons, and neuro- surgeons has proven to be valuable, as we have learned from one another to cre- ate a case-based format that highlights important points when dealing with spine pathology. This book seeks to become a go-to resource for all providers involved in spine care. It reviews the imaging characteristics of all spinal pathologies, yet also does not encumber the reader with an overwhelming encyclopedic approach. With clearly illustrated patient vignettes combined with short, but relevant didactic information, the book provides an efficient and thorough explanation of all spinal pathologies likely to present to a clinic, emergency department, or imaging center. Moreover, this book serves as an ideal review book during examination prepara- tion for radiologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, pain management phy- sicians, rehabilitation physicians, physician assistants, and physical therapists. We hope readers will gain an adequate understanding of various spine pathol- ogies, and learn about both the imaging and management behind each entity. We also hope it will serve as in important review text for those studying for board examinations. vii Contents Contributors xv Section I Trauma 1. Spinal Cord Injury 3 Safia Cheeney and Kathleen R. Fink 2. Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma 7 Francisco Chiang, Mark M. Mikhael, and Mauricio Castillo 3. Burst Fracture 10 Cornelia Wenokor, Gary Shapiro, and Daniel Park 4. Vertebral Compression Fractures and Vertebra Plana 14 Pedro Lourenco and Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran 5. Dens Fracture 18 H. Kate Lee 6. Hangman Fracture 24 Bruce Lehnert, Brad Currier, and Arjun Sebastian 7. Jumped Facets 28 Bruce Lehnert, Brad Currier, and Emily Nguyen 8. Chance Fracture 32 Bruce Lehnert, Yazeed Gussous, and Ahmad Nassr 9. Hyperextension Injury 36 H. Kate Lee 10. Hyperflexion Injury 40 Bruce Lehnert 11. Occipital Condyle Fracture 44 Francesco D’Amore, Chia-Shang J. Liu, and Mark S. Shiroishi 12. Craniocervical Dissociation 48 Bruce Lehnert ix
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