Speech and language : advances in basic research and practice PDF
Preview Speech and language : advances in basic research and practice
Contributors to This Volume Lynne E. Bernstein Patricia A. Broen Hugh W. Buckingham, Jr. Louis J. DeMaio K. Dale Gronhovd Nancy S. McGarr Walter H. Manning Mary Joe Osberger Edward A. Shirkey Lawrence D. Shriberg Roberta Wacker Frederick F. Weiner Anthony A. Zenner SPEECH AND LANGUAGE Advances in Basic Research and Practice VOLUME 8 Edited by NORMAN J. LASS Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia 1982 ACADEMIC PRESS A Subsidiary ofHarcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers New York London Paris San Diego San Francisco Säo Paulo Sydney Tokyo Toronto COPYRIGHT © 1982, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Ill Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX ISSN 0193-3434 ISBN 0-12-608608-7 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 82 83 84 85 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 List of Contributors Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contri- butions begin. Lynne E. Bernstein (191), Division of Hearing and Speech, The John F. Kennedy Institute for Handicapped, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 Patricia A. Broen (19), Department of Communication Disorders, Univer- sity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 Hugh W. Buckingham, Jr. (313), Interdepartmental Program in Linguis- tics and Department of Speech, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70303 Louis J. DeMaio (159), Department of Speech/Language/Hearing Sci- ences, Moorhead State University, Moorhead, Minnesota 56560 K. Dale Gronhovd (285), Department of Speech/Language/Hearing Sci- ences, Moorhead State University, Moorhead, Minnesota 56560 Walter H. Manning (127), Department of Audiology and Speech Pathol- ogy, Memphis State University, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 Nancy S. McGarr (221), Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, and Center for Research in Speech and Hearing Sciences, City University of New York, New York, New York, 10036 Mary Joe Osberger (221), The Boys Town Institute for Communication Disorders in Children, Omaha, Nebraska 68131 Edward A. Shirkey1 (127), Department of Audiology and Speech Pathol- ogy, Memphis State University, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 Lawrence D. Shriberg (1), Department of Communicative Disorders, Uni- versity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Roberta Wacker (51), Communication Disorders, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Frederick F. Weiner (51), Communication Disorders, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Anthony A. Zenner (285), Private Practice, 2738 Lakeville Drive, Tampa, Florida 33618 1 PRESENT ADDRESS: Division of Hearing and Speech Sciences, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 ix Preface Volume 8 of Speech and Language: Advances in Basic Research and Practice contains nine contributions on a wide variety of topics. Shriberg asserts that there are identifiable subgroups of children within the group classified as having functional or developmental speech disorders and supports a return to the medical model of speech-language disorders. After reviewing differences between genetic and typologie classifications and illustrating typologies used in phonological disorders, he presents a provisional classification system and some representative data. The impact of linguistic theory on the description and treatment of articulation disorders is discussed by Broen. In addition to presenting taxonomic and generative theories of phonology and the manner in which the study of normal and disordered child phonology has been affected by these theoretical positions, the author presents the results of her study which attempted to describe the child's phonological system, modify cer- tain aspects of the system, and determine the effects ofthat modification on the system as a whole. Also included is a description of patterns of misarticulation and articulation change. Weiner and Wacker review the literature on speech-sound develop- ment in normally developing and deviant children, including the studies of the 1930s and 1950s, the methodological criticisms leveled against these early studies, refinements of traditional measures of speech-sound devel- opment, as well as studies on distinctive feature development, phonologi- cal process development, and development of a phonetic inventory. They also present the results of their longitudinal investigation whose purpose was to examine, over a 1-year period, the phonological development of both young normal-speaking children and children judged to be unintelli- gible. The issue of how to determine the performance of misarticulating speakers outside the treatment setting is addressed by Manning and Shirkey. The authors provide a review of investigations on extratreatment performance and discuss in detail the variables that affect such perfor- mance, including discrimination training, response contingencies, atti- tude and affective influences, as well as response stability. DeMaio addresses the topic of children's conversational turn-taking, including a review of the literature on the following aspects: functional and structural approaches to the study of conversational turn-taking, characteristics of turn-taking during language development, as well as salient characteristics and clinical implications of conversational turn- taking in children. He also presents in detail the results of his own re- search on the patterning of children's conversational exchanges with mothers and peers. xi xii Preface Ontogenetic changes in children's speech-sound perception are dis- cussed by Bernstein. In addition to a review of the literature on phonolog- ical development and categorical perception in children, Bernstein dis- cusses in detail the implications of these studies and concludes "that our understanding of speech perception will be incomplete and probably inac- curate if we do not study speech perception during childhood. Future research will need to probe further the conditions and processes of per- ceptual development. . . . there is yet much to be learned about how speech perception evolves during childhood." Osberger and McGarr discuss the speech production characteristics of the hearing impaired, including developmental aspects, articulatory and nonarticulatory patterns, mechanisms of production control, and speech intelligibility. They also discuss the implications of the available data for the development of assessment and training techniques for the hearing- impaired population. A rationale and procedures for the management of anxiety in stutterers are addressed by Gronhovd and Zenner. The authors review the scope of the problem of stuttering and present three prominent theoretical posi- tions on anxiety in stuttering. They support the treatment of anxiety in stutterers because 'Our experience suggests that many stutterers have failed in therapy, not because their behavioral programs were inadequate, but because anxiety reactions to situations, disfluency, and minor blocks prevented them from effectively using their behavioral controls at critical times." Buckingham addresses critical issues in the linguistic study of aphasia by tracing the continuity and change in such study from the late nine- teenth century to the present. In addition to presenting theories and find- ings, he provides a critical review, evaluating the works discussed. In- cluded are discussions of the nineteenth-century neurologists, the nineteenth-century linguists, early twentieth-century structuralism, early generative grammar, phonology, agrammatism and linguistic models, as well as neologistic jargon. He remarks that "ultimately, we strive for a proper synthesis of linguistics, psychology, neurology, computer science and cognitive science for a total explication of language and the brain. That synthesis will surely bear fruit." It is our intention that the contents of this volume in particular, and of this serial publication in general, will result in increased discussion and, consequently, further investigation of a number of unresolved contempo- rary issues in speech and language processes and pathologies that will ultimately lead to their resolution. NORMAN J. LASS Contents of Previous Volumes Volume 1 The Perception of Speech in Early Infancy Patricia K. Kuhl Acoustic-Perceptual Methods for Evaluation of Defective Speech James F. Lubker Linguistic and Motor Aspects of Stuttering Kenneth O. St. Louis Anatomic Studies of the Perioral Motor System: Foundations for Studies in Speech Physiology Jesse G. Kennedy HI and James H. Abbs Acoustic Characteristics of Normal and Pathological Voices Steven B. Davis Synergy: Toward a Model of Language Carol A. Pruning and Judy B. Elliott SUBJECT INDEX Volume 2 Functional Articulation Disorders: Preliminaries to Treatment Ralph L. Shelton and Leija V. McReynolds The Early Lexicons of Normal and Language-Disordered Children: Developmental and Training Considerations Laurence B. Leonard and Marc E. Fey The Shaping Group: Habituating New Behaviors in the Stutterer William R. Leith The New Theories of Vocal Fold Vibration David J. Broad Homonymy and Sound Change in the Child's Acquisition of Phonology John L. Locke Conversational Speech Behaviors Marjorie A. Faircloth and Richard C. Blasdell Oral Vibrotactile Sensation and Perception: State of the Art Donald Fucci and Michael A. Crary SUBJECT INDEX Volume 3 Theories of Phonological Development Donald E. Mowrer xiii XIV Contents of Previous Volumes Phonology and Phonetics as Part of the Language Encoding/Decoding System Marcel A. A. Tatham The Application of Phonological Universals in Speech Pathology John J. Ohala The Pédiatrie Language Specialist: An Innovative Approach to Early Language Intervention and the Role of the Speech-Language Clinician Sol Adler and Iowana A. Whitman Tims Speech Perception: A Framework for Research and Theory Dominic W. Massaro and Gregg C. Oden Velopharyngeal Structure and Function: A Model for Biomechanical Analysis David Ross Dickson and Wilma Maue-Dickson Use of Feedback in Established and Developing Speech Gloria J. Borden Delayed Auditory Feedback and Stuttering: Theoretical and Clinical Implications William R. Leith and Claudia C. Chmiel Biofeedback: Theory and Applications to Speech Pathology Sylvia M. Davis and Carl E. Drichta INDEX Volume 4 Nonlinguistic and Linguistic Processing in Normally Developing and Lan- guage-Disordered Children Paula Menyuk Phonological Development during the First Year of Life Donald E. Mowrer Speech Fluency and Its Development in Normal Children C. Woodruff Starkweather Speech Production Models as Related to the Concept of Apraxia of Speech Anthony G. Mlcoch and J. Douglas Noll Aspects of Speech and Orthognathic Surgery William G. Ewan Velopharyngeal Function: A Spatial-Temporal Model Fredericka Bell-Berti Variations in the Supraglottal Air Pressure Waveform and Their Articula- tory Interpretation Eric M. Müller and W. S. Brown, Jr. INDEX Contents of Previous Volumes XV Volume 5 A Critical Review of Developmental Apraxia of Speech Thomas W. Guyette and William M. Diedrich Relapse following Stuttering Therapy Franklin H. Silverman Analysis and Measurement of Changes in Normal and Disordered Speech and Language Behavior Merlin J. Mecham Physiological, Acoustic, and Perceptual Aspects of Coarticulation: Impli- cations for the Remediation of Articulatory Disorders Donald J. Sharf and Ralph N. Ohde An Empirical Perspective on Language Development and Language Training Scott F. McLaughlin and Walter L. Cullinan Elements of Voice Quality: Perceptual, Acoustic, and Physiologic As- pects Raymond H. Colton and Jo A. Estill The Resolution of Disputed Communication Origins Murray S. M iron INDEX Volume 6 Auditory Discrimination: Evaluation and Intervention Charlena M. Seymour, Jane A. Baran, and Ruth E. Peaper Evaluation and Treatment of Auditory Deficits in Adult Brain-Damaged Patients Thomas E. Prescott A Pragmatic Approach to Phonological Systems of Deaf Speakers D. Kimbrough Oiler and Rebecca E. Filers Speech and Language Characteristics of an Aging Population Virginia G. Walker, Carole J. Hardiman, Dona Lea Hedrick, and Anthony Holbrook Language and Cognitive Assessment of Black Children Harry N. Seymour and Dalton Miller-Jones Effect of Aberrant Supralaryngeal Vocal Tracts on Transfer Function Sally J. Peterson-Falzone and Karen L. Landahl The Human Tongue: Normal Structure and Function and Associated Pa- thologies Donald Fucci and Linda Petrosino From an Acoustic Stream to a Phonological Representation: The Percep- tion of Fluent Speech Z. S. Bond XVI Contents of Previous Volumes Estimation of Glottal Volume Velocity Waveform Properties: A Review and Study of Some Methodological Assumptions Robert E. Hillman and Bernd Weinberg INDEX Volume 7 To Hear Is Not to Understand: Auditory Processing Deficits and Factors Influencing Performance in Aphasie Individuals Cynthia M. Shewan Auditory Processes In Stutterers Hugo H. Gregory and James Mangan A Review of Research on Speech Training Aids for the Deaf Richard P. Lippmann A New Era In Language Assessment: Data or Evidence John R. Muma, Rosemary Lubinski, and Sharalee Pierce Quantification of Language Abilities in Children Rachel E. Stark, Paula Tallal, and E. David Mellits Communication Behavior Assessment and Treatment with the Adult Retarded: An Approach Nathaniel O. Owings and Thomas W. Guyette Distribution and Production Characteristics of /s/ in the Vocabulary and Spontaneous Speech of Children John V. Irwin Speech Processes in Reading Charles A. Perfetti and Deborah McCutchen Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Vocal Fold Minoru Hirano, Yuki Kakita, Koichi Ohmaru, and Shigejiro Kurita Jitter and Shimmer in Sustained Phonation Vicki L. Heiberger and Yoshiyuki Horii Boundary: Perceptual and Acoustic Properties and Syntactic and Statistical Determinants Noriko Urne da INDEX
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