Specialty construction techniques for dam and levee remediation

436 Pages·2013·17.02 MB·English

by  Donald A Bruce

Geotechnical, Hydraulic, and Environmental Engineering B
Specialty
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Dam and levee remediation has become more prevalent since the start of the
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twenty-first century. Given the vastness and complexity of the infrastructures e
involved, keeping up with maintenance needs is very difficult. Major surges
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in repair are usually triggered by nature’s wake-up calls, such as hurricanes,
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floods, and earthquakes. The challenge has been to develop methods that ensure
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safe, effective, reliable, and robust solutions for current and future remediation
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issues. Specialty Construction Techniques for Dam and Levee Remediation
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presents the state of practice in North American dam and levee remediation as
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it relates to the use of specialty geotechnical construction techniques, such as a
anchors, grouting, cutoff (diaphragm) walls, and deep mixing. al
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The book focuses on the actual construction processes, describing design and Dam and Levee

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performance aspects of remediation where appropriate. Chapters deal with the a
application of drilling and grouting methods, methods to install mix-in-place no
(category 2) cutoff structures, excavated and backfilled trenches (category 1), dn
composite cutoff walls, and stabilization using prestressed rock anchors. The s Remediation
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book also provides a comprehensive guide to dam and levee instrumentation, t
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covering planning, operating principles, data management, staffing, and
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automation. As an educational and salutary example of ineffective efforts, the
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final chapter presents a case history of a series of remediations performed on
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a single project, which ultimately proved unsuccessful. i
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A wide range of methods has been developed in response to the challenges that e

arise in the dam and levee remediation arena and the need for a competitive mT
edge. These new methods are designed and monitored using state-of-the-art e
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techniques, giving rise to the emergence of new intensity and initiative in this c
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field. This book captures this transformation by examining the theory and h
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practice of contemporary remedial techniques, using recent U.S. case histories an
to provide knowledge and inspiration to readers, both in North America and ti
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around the world.
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Edited by Donald A. Bruce

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Y112416
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ISBN: 978-0-415-78194-7
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9 780415 781947
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A SPON PRESS BOOK
Y112416 cvr mech.indd 1 8/30/12 8:38 AM
Specialty
Construction
Techniques for
Dam and Levee
Remediation

Specialty
Construction
Techniques for
Dam and Levee
Remediation
Edited by Donald A. Bruce
A SPON PRESS BOOK
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2013 by Donald A. Bruce
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 2012904
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-203-83476-3 (eBook - PDF)
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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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This book is dedicated to the ladies and gentlemen with whom
I have worked, for and against, during my career in dam and
levee remediation, and the memories of my Mum and Dad,
Wally, Ken, and Renato. Thank you for everything you did.
Donald

Contents
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Contributors xv
1 Background and scope 1
DONALD A. BRUCE
1.1 Dams and levees in the United States: A situation
assessment 1
1.2 Geological challenges 6
1.3 The path of remediation 8
1.4 The purpose and content of this book 11
References 13
2 Contemporary drilling and grouting methods 15
DANIEL P. STARE, TRENT L. DREESE, AND DONALD A. BRUCE
2.1 Background 15
2.2 Rock grouting 16
2.3 Jet grouting 81
2.4 Cutoff through landslide material: The case history of
Howard Hansen Dam, Washington 92
References 102
3 Mix-in-place technologies 107
DAVID S. YANG, YUJIN NISHIMRA, GEORGE K. BURKE, SHIGERU KATSUKURA,
AND ULLI WIEDENMANN
3.1 Perspective 107
3.2 Conventional DMM 110
3.3 TRD method 146
vii
viii Contents
3.4 CSM (cutter soil mixing) 163
3.5 Overview on Category 2 walls 178
References 182
4 Excavated and backfilled cutoffs (Category 1) 185
BRIAN JASPERSE, MAURIZIO SIEPI, AND DONALD A. BRUCE
4.1 Perspective 185
4.2 Cutoffs constructed by the backhoe method 194
4.3 Cutoffs constructed by the panel method 223
4.4 Cutoffs constructed by secant piles 261
4.5 Overview of Category 1 cutoffs 294
References 301
5 Composite cutoff walls 307
DONALD A. BRUCE
5.1 Background 307
5.2 Grout curtains 308
5.3 Concrete cutoff walls 312
5.4 “Composite” cutoffs 315
5.5 Case histories 323
5.6 Perspective 332
Acknowledgments 334
References 334
6 Prestressed rock anchors 337
DONALD A. BRUCE AND JOHN S. WOLFHOPE
6.1 Background on U.S. practice 337
6.2 The national research program 338
6.3 Case histories 353
References 378
7 Instrumented performance monitoring 381
MARCELO CHUAQUI
7.1 Introduction 381
7.2 Planning 385
7.3 Instrument operating principles 388
7.4 Data management 397
7.5 Project staffing 401
7.6 Automation 402
Contents ix
7.7 Case histories 405
7.8 Final remarks 409
References 410
8 A distant mirror and a word of warning 411
DONALD A. BRUCE
8.1 Hales Bar Dam, Tennessee 411
References 417