Spaces of Hope

305 Pages·2000·41.358 MB·English

by  David Harvey

SPACES OF HOPE
for Delfina and Her Generation
Hope is Memory that Desires
(Balzac)
Spaces of Hope
David Harvey
Edinburgh University Press
© David Harvey, 2000
Reprinted 2002
Edinburgh University Press
22 George Square, Edinburgh
Transferred to digital print 2006
Typeset in Ehrhardt by
Bibliocraft Ltd, Dundee.
Printed and bound in Great Britain by
C:PI Antony Rowe, Eastbournc
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN-10 0 7486 1269 6 (hardback)
ISBN-13 9 7807 4861 269 7 (hardback)
ISBN-10 0 7486 1268 8 (paperback)
ISBN-13 9 7807 4861 268 0 (paperback)
The right of David Harvey
to be identified as the author of this work
has been asserted in accordance with
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Contents
Acknowledgements
Vll
List of plates
lX
Introduction
1 The difference a generation makes 3
Part 1
Uneven geographical developments
2 The geography of the Manifesto 21
3 'Working Men of All Countries, Unite!' 41
4 Contemporary globalization 53
5 Uneven geographical developments and universal rights 73
Part 2
On bodies and political persons in global space
6 The body as an accumulation strategy 97
7 Body politics and the struggle for a living wage 117
Part 3
The utopian moment
8 The spaces of Utopia 133
9 Dialectical utopianism 182
Part 4
Conversations on the plurality of alternatives
10 On architects, bees, and 'species being' 199
11 Responsibilities towards nature and human nature 213
12 The insurgent architect at work 233
Appendix: Edilia, or 'Make of it what you will' 257
Bibliography 282
Index 289

Acknowledgements
I have drawn extensively on materials published (or about to be published)
in a variety of places. The original sources include, 'The geography of class
power,' The Socialist Register, 1998, 49-74); 'Globalization in question,'
Rethinking Marxism, 8, 1996, 1-17; 'The body as an accumulation strat
egy,' Society and Space, 16, 1998, 401-21; 'Considerations on the environ
ment of justice,' forthcoming in Low, N. (ed.), Global Ethics, Routledge,
London; 'The spaces of utopia,' forthcoming in Bowers, L., Goldberg, D.,
and Mushenyo, M. (eds), Between Law and Society, Minnesota Press;
'Marxism, metaphors, and ecological politics,' Monthly Review, April
1998, 17-31; 'Frontiers of insurgent planning,' to be published in the
journal Plurimondi. I want to thank the editors and the referees of some of
these pieces for their helpful comments. I have also used materials from
'The work of postmodernity: The body in global space,' a paper first
delivered to The Postmodernity Project in the University of Virginia. I
have, furthermore, been privileged to receive considerable feedback in a
variety of institutional settings such as a powerful workshop on urban
alternatives in Perugia (organized by Leonie Sandercock and Dino Borri),
a week long seminar at the Tapies Foundation in Barcelona (thanks
particularly to Noemi Cohen), a visit with the Justice Studies Center in
Arizona State University, The Humanities Center in the University of
Oregon, and many others too numerous to mention. Individual, group,
and audience responses to seminars, talks, lectures, and discussions have
been important in shaping my thinking and I want to thank all those who
have contributed to that process.
There are, however, some individuals who have helped in more specific
ways. Cindi Katz and Neil Smith have been marvelously supportive. A
variety of people have contributed (often, I think, without knowing it) to
my thinking on specific topics. These include Jonathan Lange, Bertell
Oilman, Peter Gould, Neil Hertz, Bill Leslie, Mark Blyth, Emily Martin,
Katherine Verdery, Reds Wolman, Erik Swyngedouw, Andy Merrifield,
Melissa Wright, Haripriya Rangan, Jean-Francois Chevrier, Brian
SPACES OF HOPE Vlll
Holmes, Masao Miyoshi, and a talented group of students at Hopkins
(both graduate and undergraduate), particularly those who worked so hard
to keep the living-wage campaign in the city and the University so directly
alive. I particularly want to thank Mark Damien who helped identify and
procure some of the illustrative materials. And I owe (as always) a great
debt to John Davey, now of Edinburgh University Press, for his editorial
wisdom and encouragement. I wish him well in his new venture. Finally,
Haydee and Delfina always help define special perspectives on life and
loving that make the usual difficulties of authorship seem much more
bearable.
Figure acknowledgements
Plate 3.1 is a visualization by Penny Masuoka, UMBC, NASA God
dard Space Flight Center and William Acevedo, USGS,
NASA Ames Research Center.
Plate 8.17 View ofa n Ideal City is reproduced with permission from the
Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore.
Plate 8.18 is reproduced from Utopia by Thomas More, 1518, Shelf
mark, Mar. 89, is reproduced by courtesy of the Bodleian
Library, University of Oxford.
Plate 8.23 Fondation Le Corbusier, Paris, © DACS 1988 and Metro
politan Life Insurance Company Archives, New York.
Plate 8.24 is reproduced with permission © 1999 The Frank Lloyd
Wright Foundation, Scottsdale, AZ.
Plate 8.25 Poundbury, Dorset, is reproduced by courtesy of the Duchy
of Cornwall. Photo by Mark Fiennes.
List of plates
Plate 3.1 The changing scale of a place called 'Baltimore,' 1792-1992
Plate 8.1 Abandonment of the city: housing in Baltimore
Plate 8.2 Charity in the city: Our Daily Bread in downtown Baltimore
Plate 8.3 Poverty in the city: in the shadow of Johns Hopkins hospital
Plate 8.4 Bourgeois utopia: suburban sprawl
Plate 8.5 Developers' utopia: Baltimore's Inner Harbor renewal
Plate 8.6 Public investments in the city: stadiums and a convention
center for the affluent
Plate 8.7 Public subsidy and private gain: the story of Harborview
Plate 8.8 Degenerate utopia in the city- the urban spectacle as a
commodity
Plate 8.9 Degenerate utopia in the city- spectacle and social control
at the Maryland Science Center
Plate 8.10 Yuppie utopia: gentrification and renewal in the Canton
district of Baltimore
Plate 8.11 Rehousing the poor
Plate 8.12 Neighborhood revitalization: Sandtown-Winchester and the
James Rouse paradox
Plate 8.13 The deindustrialization of Baltimore
Plate 8.14 The temporary worker
Plate 8.15 Privatopias: the gated communities of Baltimore
Plate 8.16 Public investments in the city: correctional facilities (gated
communities) for the poor
Plate 8.17 View of the ideal city: from the Walters Art Gallery in
Baltimore
Plate 8.18 Thomas More's Utopia: an exercise in spatial play
Plate 8.19 A design for Robert Owen's New Harmony