Spacecraft Sensors Mohamed M. Abid University of Southern California (USC), USA University of California Los Angeles, Extension (UCLA Ext.), USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), USA Spacecraft Sensors Spacecraft Sensors Mohamed M. Abid University of Southern California (USC), USA University of California Los Angeles, Extension (UCLA Ext.), USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), USA Copyright(cid:1)2005 JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester, WestSussexPO198SQ,England Telephone(þ44)1243779777 Email(forordersandcustomerserviceenquiries):[email protected] VisitourHomePageonwww.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,scanningorotherwise,exceptunderthetermsoftheCopyright,DesignsandPatents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher.RequeststothePublishershouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,John Wiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussexPO198SQ,England,or [email protected],orfaxedto(þ44)1243770620. Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.ThePublisherisnotassociated withanyproductorvendormentionedinthisbook. Thispublicationisdesignedtoprovideaccurateandauthoritativeinformationinregardtothe subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in renderingprofessionalservices.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,the servicesofacompetentprofessionalshouldbesought. OtherWileyEditorialOffices JohnWiley&SonsInc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,USA Jossey-Bass,989MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,CA94103-1741,USA Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH,Boschstr.12,D-69469Weinheim,Germany JohnWiley&SonsAustraliaLtd,42McDougallStreet,Milton,Queensland4064,Australia JohnWiley&Sons(Asia)PteLtd,2ClementiLoop#02-01,JinXingDistripark,Singapore129809 JohnWiley&SonsCanadaLtd,22WorcesterRoad,Etobicoke,Ontario,CanadaM9W1L1 Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsin printmaynotbeavailableinelectronicbooks. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Abid,MohamedM. Spacecraftsensors/MohamedM.Abid. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0-470-86527-X(cloth:alk.paper) 1.Spacevehicles–Electronicequipment. 2.Detectors. 3.Astrionics. I.Title. TL3000.A3342005 629.4702–dc22 2005005161 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN-13978-0-470-86529-9(HB) ISBN-100-470-86527-X(HB) TypesetinThomsonPress(India)Limited,NewDelhi PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyTJInternational,Padstow,Cornwall Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaperresponsiblymanufacturedfromsustainableforestry inwhichatleasttwotreesareplantedforeachoneusedforpaperproduction. To my wife Michelle and my son Zander Ayman Contents Preface xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Concepts 1 1.2 Spacecraft Sensors Cost 5 1.2.1 Introduction to Cost Estimating 5 1.2.2 Cost Data 7 1.2.3 Cost Estimating Methodologies 8 1.2.4 The Cost Estimating Relationship Method 10 1.2.5 Insurance Cost 12 1.3 Spacecraft Sensors Trade-off 13 1.4 Spacecraft Environment 14 1.4.1 Vacuum 15 1.4.2 Neutral Environment Effects 15 1.4.3 Plasma Environment Effects 17 1.4.4 Radiation Environment Effects 18 1.4.5 Contamination 19 1.4.6 Synergistic Effects 19 1.4.7 Space Junk 19 1.5 Standards 20 1.6 Packaging 23 1.7 Interface and Integration 24 1.7.1 Mil-STD 1553 Interface 25 1.7.2 Proximity Issues 27 1.7.3 Integration 28 1.8 Testing 28 1.8.1 Performance Testing 30 1.8.2 Thermal Testing 30 1.8.3 Corona-arcing 33
Description: