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.d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C more information - www.cambridge.org/9781107020597 Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. SouthernGaulandtheMediterranean TheinteractionsoftheCeltic-speakingcommunitiesofSouthernGaul with the Mediterranean world have intrigued commentators since antiquity. By combining sociolinguistics and archaeology, this book bringstolifethemultilingualismandmultipleidentitiesoftheregion fromthefoundationoftheGreekcolonyofMassaliain600BCtothe finalphasesofRomanImperialpower.Itbuildsontheinterestgener- atedthroughtheapplicationofmodernbilingualismtheorytoancient evidencebymodellinglanguagecontactandcommunitydynamicsand adoptinganinterdisciplinaryapproach.Thisproducesinsightsintothe entanglementsandevolvingconfigurationsofadynamiczoneofcul- tural contact.The study exposes key foci of contact-induced change and new interpretations of cultural phenomena highlight complex origins and influences from the entire Mediterranean koine. South- ernGaulrevealsitselftobefertilegroundforconsideringthemajor themesofmultilingualism,ethnolinguisticvitality,multipleidentities, colonialismandMediterraneanization. alex mullenisapostdoctoralresearchfellowatAllSoulsCollege, Oxford,havingpreviouslybeenLumleyResearchFellowatMagdalene College,Cambridge,andAffiliatedLecturerintheFacultyofClassics. Hermainresearchinterestslieintheapplicationofcontemporarybi- andmultilingualismtheorytotheancientworldandtheintegration oflinguisticsandarchaeology.Shehasco-edited(withPatrickJames) MultilingualismintheGraeco-RomanWorlds(Cambridge,2012). .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. cambridge classical studies Generaleditors r. l. hunter, r. g. osborne, m. millett, d. n. sedley, g. c. horrocks, s. p. oakley, w. m. beard .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods alex mullen .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB28RU,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107020597 (cid:2)C FacultyofClassics,UniversityofCambridge2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2013 PrintedandboundintheUnitedKingdombyBellandBainLtd AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata Mullen,Alex,1982–author. SouthernGaulandtheMediterranean:multilingualismandmultiple identitiesintheIronAgeandRomanperiods/AlexMullen. pages cm.–(Cambridgeclassicalstudies) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-1-107-02059-7(hardback) 1.Gaul–History–To58B.C. 2.Gaul–History–58B.C.-511A.D. 3.Gaul–Relations–MediterraneanRegion. 4.MediterraneanRegion– Relations–Gaul. 5.Gaul–Relations–Rome. 6.Rome–Relations– Gaul. 7.Acculturation–Gaul–History. 8.Languagesincontact– Gaul–History. 9.Multilingualism–Gaul–History. .d e 10.Ethnicity–Gaul–History. I.Title. vrese DC62.M85 2013 r sth 306.44(cid:3)609364–dc23 2012035319 g ir llA .sse ISBN978-1-107-02059-7Hardback rP ytisrevin CacacmurbarciydgoefUUnRiLvserfsoirtyexPtreersnsahlaosrntohirreds-ppoanrstyibiinlitteyrnfoerttwheebpseitressisrteefnecrereodrto U inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch e gd websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. Contents Listoffigures [pageviii] Listofmaps [x] Listoftables [xi] Prefaceandacknowledgements [xiii] Notesonthetext [xvi] Listofabbreviations [xvii] part i multilingualism and multiple identities: interdisciplinary methodologies 1 Multiplevoices [3] 1.1 Multiplevoices [3] 1.2 Identitiesandculturalcontacts [4] 1.3 Theroleoflanguageinidentitiesandculturalcontacts [14] 1.4 Interdisciplinaryapproach [19] 1.5 SouthernGaul [22] 2 Languagecontactandcommunitydynamics [53] 2.1 Contactlinguisticsandtheancientworld:fashionablebutnot practicable? [53] 2.2 Mixedlanguages:pidgins,creolesandbilingualmixedlanguages [56] 2.3 Contactlinguisticsandmodelsofcommunitydynamics [66] 3 Bilingualtextsandcommunitydynamics [74] 3.1 Bilingualismandtheancientworld [74] .d 3.2 Typologyofbilingualtexts [83] e vre 3.3 Interpretingbilingualphenomena [85] se r sth 3.4 Amodelofbilingualtextsandcommunitydynamics [93] g ir llA 4 Scriptsasindicatorsofcontact [95] .sse 4.1 Investigatoryframework [95] rP ytisre 44..23 GGaalllloo--LGarteienkinS[9o8u]thernGaul [117] vin U 4.4 Attitudestowardsscripts:rethinking‘Hellenization’ [119] e g d irb 5 Namesasindicatorsofcontact [122] m a C .3 5.1 Situatingthedebate [122] 1 02 v © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:38. vi Contents 5.2 PersonalnamesofSouthernGaul [124] 5.3 Namesasevidenceforlanguagecontact [128] 5.4 GalliaGraeca:onomastics,identityandtheIonichypothesis [137] part ii multilingualism and multiple identities in southern gaul 6 GalliainGraeciamtranslata?InvestigatingGaulish–Greek linguisticcontacts [147] 6.1 GalliainGraeciamtranslata? [147] 6.2 TheevidenceinIGF [148] 6.3 Thenewdatabase(Appendix2) [152] 6.4 PenetrationofGreek [157] 6.5 EvidenceforinteractionbetweenGreekandGaulish [169] 6.6 Gaulish–Greekcontacts:conclusionsfromthelinguisticevidence [177] 7 ‘LaCeltiqueme´diterrane´enne’?Investigatingtheinfluenceofthe Mediterraneankoine [179] 7.1 LinguisticevidencefortheItalianconnection [179] 7.2 Complexinteractions:thededebratoudekantendossier [189] 7.3 Culturalcontacts:conclusionsfromthelinguisticevidence [218] 8 ‘D’ou` rayonnaenOccidentlacivilisation’?Investigatingthelociof culturalchange [220] 8.1 Lociofculturalchange:GlanumandtheAristaion [220] 8.2 Glanum [220] 8.3 TheAristaion [243] 8.4 GlanumandtheAristaion:complexityrevealedandfutureresearch [262] 9 BeingGreek,becomingRoman,stayingCeltic?Ethnolinguistic vitalityfromtheAugustanperiod [264] 9.1 Culturalcontacts [264] .de 9.2 Thechanginglinguisticlandscape [264] vrese 9.3 Expressingidentitythroughbilingualtexts [282] r sth 9.4 Changesinethnolinguisticvitality [297] g ir llA .sserP 10 C10o.1nGclaullsiaiotnrisling[u3is00][300] ytisre 10.2LinguisticandculturalcontactsinSouthernGaul [301] vin 10.3Scopeandlimitationsofthenewmethodology [303] U e 10.4Futuredirections [307] g d irb ma Appendix1 LetterformsinRIGI [309] C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:38. Contents vii Appendix2 ListofGreekinscriptionsofFrancenotincludedinIGF [316] Appendix3 OnomasticaGlanicorum(OG) [328] Bibliography [384] Indexlocorum [443] Generalindex [449] .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:38. Figures 1 PlaqueontheQuaidesBelges,Marseille(photo:author) [page49] 2 RIGII.2L-1,Ventabren,Muse´ed’arche´ologieme´diterrane´ennede Marseille(photo:author) [117] 3 RIGII.2L-2,Coudoux,Muse´edeVentabren(photo:ChristineMullen, bykindpermissionofChristineMullen) [118] 4 Tiningot,Bagaud2wreck(LucLong/DRASSM)(photo:Philippe Foliot,CNRS-CCJ,bykindpermissionofFlorenceRichez) [166] 5 RIGIG-106,Ventabren,Muse´ed’arche´ologieme´diterrane´ennede Marseille(photo:RemoMugnaioni,bykindpermissionofRemo Mugnaioni) [181] 6 Bats2011fig.33,Velleron(photo:MichelBats,bykindpermissionof MichelBats) [183] 7 Velleronsteleonsite(photo:MichelBats,bykindpermissionof MichelBats) [184] 8 RIGIG-107,Ventabren,Muse´edeVentabren(photo:Christine Mullen,bykindpermissionofChristineMullen) [188] 9 RIGIG-27,Orgon,Muse´eCalvet,Avignon(photo:author) [191] 10 DrawingofRIGIG-28,Saint-Chamas,Calissane(indicatingthe positionofthetwolinesoftext)andthetext(AandB) [192] 11 RIGIG-64,Glanum,Centredesmonumentsnationaux,Hoˆtelde .d Sade,Saint-Re´my-de-Provence(photo:author) [192] e vre 12 RIGIG-65,Glanum,Centredesmonumentsnationaux,Hoˆtelde se r sth Sade,Saint-Re´my-de-Provence(photo:author) [193] g ir llA 13 RIGIG-148,Malauce`ne,ChapelleNotre-DamedeGroseau(photo: .sse JacquelineMaurras,bykindpermissionofJacquelineMaurras) [194] rP ytisrevin 14 RauIGthoIrG)-18[139,5C]ollias,Muse´earche´ologiquedeNˆımes(photo: U e 15 RIGIG-184,Collorgues,Muse´earche´ologiquedeNˆımes(photo: g d irb author) [196] m a C .3 16 RIGIG-202,Montmirat,Muse´earche´ologiquedeNˆımes(photo: 1 02 viii author) [197] © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:55.

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.d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C more information - www.cambridge.org/9781107020597 Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. SouthernGaulandtheMediterranean TheinteractionsoftheCeltic-speakingcommunitiesofSouthernGaul with the Mediterranean world have intrigued commentators since antiquity. By combining sociolinguistics and archaeology, this book bringstolifethemultilingualismandmultipleidentitiesoftheregion fromthefoundationoftheGreekcolonyofMassaliain600BCtothe finalphasesofRomanImperialpower.Itbuildsontheinterestgener- atedthroughtheapplicationofmodernbilingualismtheorytoancient evidencebymodellinglanguagecontactandcommunitydynamicsand adoptinganinterdisciplinaryapproach.Thisproducesinsightsintothe entanglementsandevolvingconfigurationsofadynamiczoneofcul- tural contact.The study exposes key foci of contact-induced change and new interpretations of cultural phenomena highlight complex origins and influences from the entire Mediterranean koine. South- ernGaulrevealsitselftobefertilegroundforconsideringthemajor themesofmultilingualism,ethnolinguisticvitality,multipleidentities, colonialismandMediterraneanization. alex mullenisapostdoctoralresearchfellowatAllSoulsCollege, Oxford,havingpreviouslybeenLumleyResearchFellowatMagdalene College,Cambridge,andAffiliatedLecturerintheFacultyofClassics. Hermainresearchinterestslieintheapplicationofcontemporarybi- andmultilingualismtheorytotheancientworldandtheintegration oflinguisticsandarchaeology.Shehasco-edited(withPatrickJames) MultilingualismintheGraeco-RomanWorlds(Cambridge,2012). .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. cambridge classical studies Generaleditors r. l. hunter, r. g. osborne, m. millett, d. n. sedley, g. c. horrocks, s. p. oakley, w. m. beard .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods alex mullen .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB28RU,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107020597 (cid:2)C FacultyofClassics,UniversityofCambridge2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2013 PrintedandboundintheUnitedKingdombyBellandBainLtd AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata Mullen,Alex,1982–author. SouthernGaulandtheMediterranean:multilingualismandmultiple identitiesintheIronAgeandRomanperiods/AlexMullen. pages cm.–(Cambridgeclassicalstudies) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-1-107-02059-7(hardback) 1.Gaul–History–To58B.C. 2.Gaul–History–58B.C.-511A.D. 3.Gaul–Relations–MediterraneanRegion. 4.MediterraneanRegion– Relations–Gaul. 5.Gaul–Relations–Rome. 6.Rome–Relations– Gaul. 7.Acculturation–Gaul–History. 8.Languagesincontact– Gaul–History. 9.Multilingualism–Gaul–History. .d e 10.Ethnicity–Gaul–History. I.Title. vrese DC62.M85 2013 r sth 306.44(cid:3)609364–dc23 2012035319 g ir llA .sse ISBN978-1-107-02059-7Hardback rP ytisrevin CacacmurbarciydgoefUUnRiLvserfsoirtyexPtreersnsahlaosrntohirreds-ppoanrstyibiinlitteyrnfoerttwheebpseitressisrteefnecrereodrto U inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch e gd websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:11. Contents Listoffigures [pageviii] Listofmaps [x] Listoftables [xi] Prefaceandacknowledgements [xiii] Notesonthetext [xvi] Listofabbreviations [xvii] part i multilingualism and multiple identities: interdisciplinary methodologies 1 Multiplevoices [3] 1.1 Multiplevoices [3] 1.2 Identitiesandculturalcontacts [4] 1.3 Theroleoflanguageinidentitiesandculturalcontacts [14] 1.4 Interdisciplinaryapproach [19] 1.5 SouthernGaul [22] 2 Languagecontactandcommunitydynamics [53] 2.1 Contactlinguisticsandtheancientworld:fashionablebutnot practicable? [53] 2.2 Mixedlanguages:pidgins,creolesandbilingualmixedlanguages [56] 2.3 Contactlinguisticsandmodelsofcommunitydynamics [66] 3 Bilingualtextsandcommunitydynamics [74] 3.1 Bilingualismandtheancientworld [74] .d 3.2 Typologyofbilingualtexts [83] e vre 3.3 Interpretingbilingualphenomena [85] se r sth 3.4 Amodelofbilingualtextsandcommunitydynamics [93] g ir llA 4 Scriptsasindicatorsofcontact [95] .sse 4.1 Investigatoryframework [95] rP ytisre 44..23 GGaalllloo--LGarteienkinS[9o8u]thernGaul [117] vin U 4.4 Attitudestowardsscripts:rethinking‘Hellenization’ [119] e g d irb 5 Namesasindicatorsofcontact [122] m a C .3 5.1 Situatingthedebate [122] 1 02 v © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:38. vi Contents 5.2 PersonalnamesofSouthernGaul [124] 5.3 Namesasevidenceforlanguagecontact [128] 5.4 GalliaGraeca:onomastics,identityandtheIonichypothesis [137] part ii multilingualism and multiple identities in southern gaul 6 GalliainGraeciamtranslata?InvestigatingGaulish–Greek linguisticcontacts [147] 6.1 GalliainGraeciamtranslata? [147] 6.2 TheevidenceinIGF [148] 6.3 Thenewdatabase(Appendix2) [152] 6.4 PenetrationofGreek [157] 6.5 EvidenceforinteractionbetweenGreekandGaulish [169] 6.6 Gaulish–Greekcontacts:conclusionsfromthelinguisticevidence [177] 7 ‘LaCeltiqueme´diterrane´enne’?Investigatingtheinfluenceofthe Mediterraneankoine [179] 7.1 LinguisticevidencefortheItalianconnection [179] 7.2 Complexinteractions:thededebratoudekantendossier [189] 7.3 Culturalcontacts:conclusionsfromthelinguisticevidence [218] 8 ‘D’ou` rayonnaenOccidentlacivilisation’?Investigatingthelociof culturalchange [220] 8.1 Lociofculturalchange:GlanumandtheAristaion [220] 8.2 Glanum [220] 8.3 TheAristaion [243] 8.4 GlanumandtheAristaion:complexityrevealedandfutureresearch [262] 9 BeingGreek,becomingRoman,stayingCeltic?Ethnolinguistic vitalityfromtheAugustanperiod [264] 9.1 Culturalcontacts [264] .de 9.2 Thechanginglinguisticlandscape [264] vrese 9.3 Expressingidentitythroughbilingualtexts [282] r sth 9.4 Changesinethnolinguisticvitality [297] g ir llA .sserP 10 C10o.1nGclaullsiaiotnrisling[u3is00][300] ytisre 10.2LinguisticandculturalcontactsinSouthernGaul [301] vin 10.3Scopeandlimitationsofthenewmethodology [303] U e 10.4Futuredirections [307] g d irb ma Appendix1 LetterformsinRIGI [309] C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:38. Contents vii Appendix2 ListofGreekinscriptionsofFrancenotincludedinIGF [316] Appendix3 OnomasticaGlanicorum(OG) [328] Bibliography [384] Indexlocorum [443] Generalindex [449] .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .sse rP ytisre vin U e g d irb m a C .3 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:38. Figures 1 PlaqueontheQuaidesBelges,Marseille(photo:author) [page49] 2 RIGII.2L-1,Ventabren,Muse´ed’arche´ologieme´diterrane´ennede Marseille(photo:author) [117] 3 RIGII.2L-2,Coudoux,Muse´edeVentabren(photo:ChristineMullen, bykindpermissionofChristineMullen) [118] 4 Tiningot,Bagaud2wreck(LucLong/DRASSM)(photo:Philippe Foliot,CNRS-CCJ,bykindpermissionofFlorenceRichez) [166] 5 RIGIG-106,Ventabren,Muse´ed’arche´ologieme´diterrane´ennede Marseille(photo:RemoMugnaioni,bykindpermissionofRemo Mugnaioni) [181] 6 Bats2011fig.33,Velleron(photo:MichelBats,bykindpermissionof MichelBats) [183] 7 Velleronsteleonsite(photo:MichelBats,bykindpermissionof MichelBats) [184] 8 RIGIG-107,Ventabren,Muse´edeVentabren(photo:Christine Mullen,bykindpermissionofChristineMullen) [188] 9 RIGIG-27,Orgon,Muse´eCalvet,Avignon(photo:author) [191] 10 DrawingofRIGIG-28,Saint-Chamas,Calissane(indicatingthe positionofthetwolinesoftext)andthetext(AandB) [192] 11 RIGIG-64,Glanum,Centredesmonumentsnationaux,Hoˆtelde .d Sade,Saint-Re´my-de-Provence(photo:author) [192] e vre 12 RIGIG-65,Glanum,Centredesmonumentsnationaux,Hoˆtelde se r sth Sade,Saint-Re´my-de-Provence(photo:author) [193] g ir llA 13 RIGIG-148,Malauce`ne,ChapelleNotre-DamedeGroseau(photo: .sse JacquelineMaurras,bykindpermissionofJacquelineMaurras) [194] rP ytisrevin 14 RauIGthoIrG)-18[139,5C]ollias,Muse´earche´ologiquedeNˆımes(photo: U e 15 RIGIG-184,Collorgues,Muse´earche´ologiquedeNˆımes(photo: g d irb author) [196] m a C .3 16 RIGIG-202,Montmirat,Muse´earche´ologiquedeNˆımes(photo: 1 02 viii author) [197] © th g iryp o C Mullen, Alex. Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean : Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nottingham/detail.action?docID=1139688. Created from nottingham on 2022-04-18 13:21:55.

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