South Korean Strategic Thought toward Asia (Strategic Thought in Northeast Asia) PDF
Preview South Korean Strategic Thought toward Asia (Strategic Thought in Northeast Asia)
South Korean Strategic Thought toward Asia STRATEGIC THOUGHT IN NORTHEAST ASIA Gilbert Rozman, Series Editor Russian Strategic Thought toward Asia Edited by Gilbert Rozman, Kazuhiko Togo, and Joseph Ferguson Japanese Strategic Thought toward Asia Edited by Gilbert Rozman, Kazuhiko Togo, and Joseph Ferguson Strategic Thinking about the Korean Nuclear Crisis: Four Parties Caught between North Korea and the United States By Gilbert Rozman South Korean Strategic Thought toward Asia Edited by Gilbert Rozman, In-Taek Hyun, and Shin-wha Lee Chinese Strategic Thought toward Asia By Gilbert Rozman (forthcoming) South Korean Strategic Thought toward Asia Edited by Gilbert Rozman, In-Taek Hyun, and Shin-wha Lee SOUTH KOREAN STRATEGIC THOUGHT TOWARD ASIA Copyright © Gilbert Rozman, In-Taek Hyun, Shin-wha Lee, 2008. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published in 2008 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN-13: 978–1–4039–7555–3 ISBN-10: 1–4039–7555–8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data South Korean strategic thought toward Asia / edited by Gilbert Rozman, In-Taek Hyun, and Shin-wha Lee. p. cm.—(Strategic thought in Northeast Asia) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–4039–7555–8 1. Korea (South)—Foreign relations—East Asia. 2. East Asia— Foreign relations—Korea (South) 3. Korean reunification question (1945–) 4. Korea (South)—Foreign relations—Russia (Federation) 5. Russia (Federation)—Foreign relations—Korea (South) I. Rozman, Gilbert. II. Hyon, In-t’aek, 1954– III. Yi, Sin-hwa, 1965– JZ1747.A55S68 2008 355(cid:2).03305195—dc22 2007041540 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: May 2008 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America. Contents Acknowledgments vii 1 Overview 1 Gilbert Rozman, In-Taek Hyun, and Shin-wha Lee Chronology 2 South Korean Strategic Thought toward Asia in the 1980s 33 Kyudok Hong 3 Strategic Thought toward Asia in the Kim Young-sam Era 55 In-Taek Hyun 4 Strategic Thought toward Asia in the Kim Dae-jung Era 77 Scott Snyder 5 Strategic Thought toward Asia in the Roh Moo-hyun Era 101 Seong-Ho Sheen Geography 6 South Korean Strategic Thought on Reunification 129 Jong-Yun Bae and Gilbert Rozman 7 South Korean Strategic Thought toward China 153 Jae Ho Chung 8 South Korean Strategic Thought toward Japan 179 Gilbert Rozman vi ● Contents 9 South Korean Strategic Thought toward Russia 203 Gilbert Rozman 10 S outh Korean Strategic Thought toward Regionalism 225 Shin-wha Lee List of Contributors 249 Index 251 Acknowledgments T he editors are grateful to the Princeton Institute of International and Regional Studies (PIIRS) and the Ilmin Institute of International Relations of Korea University for supporting this project from its inception through publication. The initial meeting at Princeton also received support from the Korean Economic Institute (KEI) and the East Asian Studies Program of Princeton University. Many experts on Korea commented on the project during its various stages in 2005–07. Some attended the initial workshop where broad themes were raised and others joined later meetings where draft chap- ters were presented. We are grateful to all of them and, especially, to the contributors to this volume, whose comments on other chapters helped in the preparation of the overview. Special thanks go to Kim Dongjung for the onerous task of making the transliteration from Korean consistent as well as research assistance. Finally, we want to thank Anthony Wahl at Palgrave for his continuous support. Gilbert Rozman In-Taek Hyun Shin-wha Lee This page intentionally left blank CHAPTER 1 Overview Gilbert Rozman, In-Taek Hyun, and Shin-wha Lee T he simple days of choosing sides and depending exclusively on one patron are over for the states of Northeast Asia as for other states that were consequential in the polarized cold war era. The transition in this region began, albeit slowly, with China’s emergence as a third, if lesser pole, after its decisions in 1971–72 to abandon autarchy and in 1982 to seek equidistance between the superpowers. By the mid- 1980s Japan’s new insistence on becoming a regional leader with some autonomy from the United States gave more impetus to the transition. Greatly accelerating it were Moscow’s moves to end the cold war followed by a dramatic rise in Beijing’s clout in the 1990s. In addition, from 1993 North Korea became an object of regional attention and competition, demonstrating its independent ability to affect regional affairs. At the center of the region, tethered to the United States and newly attentive to its brethren in North Korea, South Korea squarely faces the challenge of a rapidly changing balance of great powers amidst lingering strategic dilemmas. This puts a premium on leadership that adroitly analyzes the forces of change and plans how best to serve the national interest. Strategic thinking in Seoul over a quarter century from the waning days of the cold war to the uncertain state of the North Korean nuclear crisis opens a window on Northeast Asia’s dynamic transformation. Of the countries of Northeast Asia, South Korea has made the most far-reaching shift in strategic thinking since the end of the cold war.
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