South Africa: Time Running Out- The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa PDF
Preview South Africa: Time Running Out- The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa
1. \ \ V \ The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Poiicy Toward Southern Africa ATLANTIC OCEAN SENEGAL Dakar* Banjul GAMBIA\ Bamako uppEfiT r{ _ ★ OuagadpugoTT Victoria* SEYCHELLES ATLANTIC MADAGASCAR port OCEAN * Louis Antarjanarivo * / » , MAURITIUS Maputo Mbabane^ Maseru miles SWAZILAND SOUTH N AFRICA LESOTHO Africa / SOUTH AFRICA: TIME RUNNING OUT The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Poiicy Toward Southern Africa UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS FOREIGN POLICY STUDY FOUNDATION, INC. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England Copyright © 1981 by Foreign Policy Study Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa South Africa: Time running out 1. United States—Foreign relations—South Africa. 2. South Africa—Foreign relations—Unites States. 1. Title E182.8.S6S78 1981 327.73068 81-2742 AACR2 cloth ISBN 0-520-04594-1 paper ISBN 0-520-04547-5 Printed in the United States of America Book design by Samuel N. Antupit Maps by General Cartography, Inc. Contents vii The Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa xi Foreword xvii Introduction xxiii Summary of Findings and Recommendations 1 South Africans Talking PART I. SOUTH AFRICA 25 Chapter 1 The Road to Apartheid 42 Chapter 2 The People 48 Chapter 3 The Apparatus of Apartheid 67 Chapter 4 Civil Liberties 80 Chapter 5 The Workplace 101 Chapter 6 Housing, Education, and Health 128 Chapter 7 The Economy 147 Chapter 8 The Homelands 168 Chapter 9 Black Challenge 206 Chapter 10 White Rule 233 Chapter 11 Fortress South Africa 255 South Africans Talking MAPS Africa (inside covers) 24-25 Settlement in Southern Africa 56-57 South Africa 152-53 Homelands \ . % KwaZulu 304-05 Southern Africa and the World Southern Africa: Transportation and Communication TABLES xxviii Policy Framework 154 Homelands: Constitutional Status, Political Leaders, Ethnic Groups 155 Homelands Legislatures 222 Afrikaner-English Views on Key Issues 223 Political Arrangements Preferred for Different Black Groups According to Language Group of Respondents 225 White Perceptions of the Consequences of Change 226 Afrikaner and English Attitudes Toward Proposals for Change 228 Caucus and Cabinet Opinion 240 Indicators of the Southern African Military Balance 311 U.S. Dependence on South African Supplies of Four Key Minerals j/t 312 World Mine Production and Reserves of Four Key Strategic Minerals 319 U.S. Government Stockpiles and Private Inventories . 388 Policy Framework PART II. THE WIDER STAGE 287 Chapter 12 South Africa in Africa 301 Chapter 13 South Africa’s Relations with Western Europe, Japan, Israel, and Latin America 310 Chapter 14 Strategic Minerals 323 Chapter 15 The Communist States and Southern Africa 340 Chapter 16 The United States and South Africa ^ 367 South Africans Talking PART III. POLICY 390 Chapter 17 U.S. Interests >|- 395 Chapter 18 South African Realities and Trends The Commission’s Findings 410 Chapter 19 Policy Objectives and Actions 455 Conclusion 457 Appendix A Organizations and Individuals Contacted 462 Appendix B Sullivan Principles for U.S. Firms Operating in South Africa 4" 465 Appendix C South African Government Actions 472 Glossary 477 Abbreviations 479 Bibliography 491 Biographies of the Study Commission and Selected Staff 497 Index ''is U • ■ ■ ■ ' ,jiUA *'1 fV rt'<1^' /> ‘ M Mft ' IlL I f"l( A ' ttfti t\ >^ itii» ,i •■.-. ^ 14, -K.iii’-'l ->.’ V\ ''V3'.|fl^»0* 4/'^ ‘ V .‘Oft ^.^^’»>^ *^p**w ‘ i^t n <••« n-Vi •* ■ si'“. htiJif yT 51 v*v<!^^ 5 C^5 < v^1 jpiuiK”r“'t.-‘.^/. rf.’ii;3-^ VCtS 'ff tdJJc^ .ui - -I*' » s ^J^^»i.^^Jr- . .t' ‘A H^voS^ T qDA^^ c.t-X %’iivi*t i **dT •i-.f. ( ’ ^ * ^ '/yHdtjV.t-^^jr’,■ • ..'r^ M.:. -»' l9Ji' «rflv . J ■'S YiW«^a^ ,i^ ■"« ...'-. -4^ . • ■ - -'t- •. . '^ i. • * ’ V -f • ^ ■'■■ - * i * ^ ■ 4^ • * ' >l>4i84>iiL-‘ i‘TA- • ♦#>* •'■ <• * ’• >?.«!* • ** .-^wWA V'S- ,-* ' S!^ ^ — l:i -m ht4 K* K ^V
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