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Sources of Information Value: Strategic Framing and the Transformation of the Information Industries PDF

200 Pages·2004·3.806 MB·English
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Sources of Information Value Also by the authors INFORMATION SYSTEMS STRATEGIC PLANNING: ASource of Competitive Advantage (R. Andreu, Josep Valor-Sabatier and Joan E. Ricart-Costa MANAGING STRATEGICALLYIN AN INTERCONNECTED WORLD (edited by Joan E. Ricart-Costa, Michael A. Hitt and Robert D. Nixon) THE VIRTUALSOCIETY (Josep Valor-Sabatier, Brian Subirana and Joan E. Ricart-Costa) Sources of Information Value Strategic Framing and the Transformation of the Information Industries Joan E. Ricart-Costa Brian Subirana and Josep Valor-Sabatier © Joan E. Ricart-Costa, Brian Subirana and Josep Valor-Sabatier 2004 Foreword © Pankaj Ghemawat 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 978-1-4039-1233-6 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan®is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-51098-6 ISBN 978-0-230-51294-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230512948 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 Typeset by Cambrian Typesetters, Frimley, Camberley, Surrey, England To our wives:Maria Carme, Mariona and Montse This page intentionally left blank C ONTENTS List of Figures xi List of Tables xii List of Exhibits xiii List of Abbreviations xiv Preface and Acknowledgments xv Foreword xix Chapter 1 Introduction: Digital Data and the Information Revolution 1 1.1 Dot.com Realities 1 1.2 Why Does Ditigal Information Make a Difference in Business? 2 Analogue and Digital 2 Business Information 3 Metadata 4 Computing Power 4 1.3 The Online Value Chain: Creating and Appropriating Value in Networked Environments 5 New Information-Based Relationships 5 Connecting to the Network 7 1.4 A Simple Transaction Stream 8 Internet Architecture 8 Modem, ISP and Hosting Computer 9 1.5 The Structure of the Book 9 Chapter 2 Client Software 13 2.1 Competitive Factors: The Nature of Information-Based Businesses Information and Information Goods 13 Cost Structure 14 The Lock-In 15 Positive Feedback 16 2.2 Strategic Approaches 19 vii Contents viii Setting Proprietary Standards 19 Managing the Lock-In Process 28 Avoiding Commoditization 29 2.3 Industry Structure and Trends 30 Paradigm Shifts 30 Chapter 3 Local Loop, ISPs and IAPs 43 3.1 The ISP/IAP Industry 43 ISPs: Competitive Factors 44 ISPs: Strategic Approaches 50 ISP/IAP: Industry Structure and Trends 51 3.2 Local Loop 55 DSL and ADSL 55 Commercial Value 56 Local Loop: Competitive Factors 56 Local Loop: Strategic Approaches 58 Local Loop: Industry Structure and Trends 61 Chapter 4 Network Infrastructure: The Internet Backbone 63 4.1 Infrastructures: The Bandwith Revolution 63 4.2 Long-Distance Telecommunications Companies 68 Long-Distance Telecommunications: Competitive Factors 68 Telecommunications: Strategic Approaches 70 Telecommunications: Industry Structure and Trends 71 4.3 Network Equipment: Network Infrastructure 72 Network Equipment: Competitive Factors 73 Network Equipment: Strategic Approaches 73 Network Equipment: Industry Structure and Trends 74 4.4 Web Server Hardware and Software Network Infrastructure 74 Web Server Hardware and Software: Competitive Factors 74 Web Server Hardware and Software: Strategic Approaches 75 Web Server Hardware and Software: Industry Structure and Trends 76 Chapter 5 Hosting 78 5.1 Web Hosting and ASPs: Competitive Factors Hosting Services 78 Barriers to Entry 79 5.2 Web Hosting and ASPs: Strategic Approaches 79 5.3 Web Hosting and ASPs: Industry Structure and Trends 80 5.4 The Role of Storage 80 Contents ix What is ‘Storage’? 80 Magnetic Hard Drive 81 Surface Density 81 Other Physical Advances 81 Applications 82 Chapter 6 User Hardware 85 6.1 User Hardware: Competitive Factors 85 Hardware Devices 89 Complementary Elements 89 6.2 User Hardware: Strategic Approaches 90 Low-Cost Production 90 R&D Investment 92 Service Contracts 93 PDAs 93 Mobiles 93 6.3 User Hardware: Industry Structure and Trends 98 Chapter 7 Proprietary Content Providers: Aggregators (Portals) 100 7.1 Content Products and Services 100 Proprietary Content Providers 100 E-Commerce 106 7.2 Content Aggregators (Portals) 110 Early Portal Development 111 Portal Business Models 112 Content Aggregators (Portals): Competitive Factors 113 Content Aggregators (Portals): Strategic Approaches 114 Content Aggregators (Portals): Industry Structure and Trends 121 Chapter 8 Extensions of the Value Chain and Transaction-Stream Electronic Markets 123 8.1 Information Everywhere 123 The Information Explosion 123 Sources of Information 124 8.2 Business Processes and Information 129 Interaction and Interactive Labour 129 Interactive Business 130 Transaction Costs 131 The Value-Chain Perspective 131 8.3 Transaction-Stream Markets 132 Electronic Markets and the Search for Optimal Prices 135 Transaction Processes 136

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