sorption of trioctyl amine to kaolinite

375 Pages·2016·20.21 MB·English

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 CONTENTS 
ORIGINAL PAPERS
SORPTION OF AMMONIA NITROGEN ON SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS IN LANZHOU SECTION 04
OF THE YELLOW RIVER, CHINA
Wu Fuping, Wang Yingchao, Xia Chuan, Huo Jinyan, Wei Bigui
GROWTH, MINERAL ACQUISITION AND ION UPTAKE RESPONSE OF 14
COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) TO INOCULATION WITH RHIZOBIUM
UNDER DIFFERENT SALT
Ummuhan Karaca, Refik Uyanoz
DETERMINATION OF MAIN SOIL PROPERTIES USING SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR 23
M. Tolga Esetlili, Yusuf Kurucu
ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES AND LIPIDPEROXIDATION AMOUNT 37
OF PEA VARIETIES (PISUM SATIVUM SP. ARVENSE L.) UNDER SALT STRESS
Fikret Yasar, Ozlem Uzal, Ozlem Yasar
INFLUENCE OF TREATED SEWAGE SLUDGEAPPLICATIONS ON CORN 43
AND SECOND CROP WHEAT YIELD AND SOME SOIL PROPERTIES
OF SANDY LOAM SOIL
Sezai Delibacak, Ali Rıza Ongun
CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS AND INVESTIGATION 55
OF BACTERIAL TOXIC METAL RESISTANCE IN COSTAL CITY SEDIMENTS (Eastern Aegean Sea)
Asli Kacar, Ali Kocyigit, Esin Uluturhan
AN ANOXIC/OXIC MEBRANE BIOREACTOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF CONCENTRATED 67
COLD-ROLLING WASTEWATER FROM REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS
Enchao Li, Xuewen Jin, Sheng Wu, Shuguang Lu
SORPTION OF TRIOCTYL AMINE TO KAOLINITE 78
Francis Moyo, Roman Tandlich, Phindile Madikizela, Ethel Chifunda and Gary M. Watkins
SEASONAL AND ANNUAL PRECIPITATION TREND PREDICTION IN XIN’ANJIANG –CHINA 93
Muhammad Zaman, Guohua Fang, Muhammad Saifullah,Qaiser Javed
APPLICATION OF HEAVY METALS IN STREET DUST IN THE MONITORING OF CHANGES 103
IN ENVIRONMENT
Wojciech Kwasowski, Teresa Kozanecka, Ewa Beata Górska, Dariusz Gozdowski
Pawel Kowalczyk
1
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BIODEGRADATION OF SIMAZINE BY RHODOCOCCUS RHODOCHROUS: KINETIC MODELING 111
Serkan Eker, Ceyda Ceren Uyar
EFFECTS OF ORIGANUM VULGARE OIL ON OXIDATIVE STRESS 120
IN PENTACHLOROPHENOL-INTOXICATED RATS
Mehmet Akilli and Gokhan Eraslan
AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFICIENCY OF NEW TYPE ORGANIC COMMERCIAL 132
COAGULANTS IN THE PRETREATMENT OF ACRYLIC MANUFACTURING WASTEWATER
Edip Avsar
THE EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS SELENIUM ON THE GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC 143
PIGMENTS CONTENT OF CUCUMBER SEEDL
Weronika Jóźwiak, Mirosław Mleczek, Barbara Politycka
FIRST DETAILED MEASUREMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 153
AND RADIATION HAZARD ASSESSMENT FOR GERZE-TURKEY
Asli Kurnaz
CONCENTRATION, SPECIATION AND BIOACCESSIBILITY OF CADMIUM IN DUSTFALL FROM 164
COAL MINE AREAS: CASE STUDY IN NORTHERN ANHUI PROVINCE, CHINA
Qi Li, Yafen Han, Shuling Huang
LEACHING TOXICITY ANALYSIS AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS 173
IN SPENT ACRYLONITRILE CATALYSTS
Jian Liu, Zhaofu Qiu, Ji Yang, Shuguang Lu, Limei Cao, Wei Zhang
BUFFER ZONE ASSESSMENT FOR AQUATIC ORGANISMS OF PESTICIDE APPLICATION AGAINST 181
RED SPIDER MITES (Tetranychus cinnabarinus B) IN COTTON
Nigar Yarpuz-Bozdogan
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVEL AND DIFFERENT NICKEL (Ni) DOSES ON 190
PHYTOREMEDIATIVE CAPACITY OF Tagetes erecta L.
Derya Onder, Sermet Onder, Hatice Daghan, Veli Uygur
THE ABILITY OF Brassica napus L. TO REMOVE LEAD (Pb) FROM THE SOIL AT DIFFERENT IRRIGATION 200
LEVELS AND Pb CONCENTRATIONS
Derya Onder, Sermet Onder, Hatice Daghan, Veli Uygur
ADSORPTION OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL BY LOW-COST ACTIVATED COKE
209
Zilin Meng, Yihe Zhang, Qian Zhang, Guocheng Lv, Fengzhu Lv, Bin Fei, Pan Hu
USE OF RCPTU METHOD FOR PESTICIDES CONTAMINATED SOILS PROPERTIES IDENTIFICATION 230
Guojun Cai, Hanliang Bian, Songyu Liu
2
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MEASURING ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY IN THE EU AGRICULTURAL SECTOR 239
“CONSIDERING DESIRABLE AND UNDESIRABLE OUTPUTS”
Altug Ozden
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF ESSENTIAL FACTORS AFFECTING PIEZOCONE PENETRATION TEST IN 265
CLAYS BY APPLYING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Guojun Cai, Jun Lin
PREPARATION OF PALLADIUM/POLYMERIC PYRROLE-MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES 274
/TITANIUM ELECTRODE FOR HYDRODECHLORINATION OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL
Zhirong Sun, Sisi Zhao, Xuefeng Wei, Xiang Hu
APPLYING OF LOW DOSE GAMMA-RADIATION TO ENHANCE T. HARZIANUM AND T. VIRIDE FUNGI 282
FOR CARBOFURAN PESTICIDE BIODEGRADIATION
Abd El-Moneim M.R. Afify, Ghada I. Mahmoud, Mohamed A. Abo-El-Seoud,
Bassam W. Kassem
COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT FISH SAMPLES CONTAINING HEAVY METALS 290
IN ISTANBUL BOSPORUS
Emre Eroglu, Namik Ak, Ibrahim Guney and Ersin Sener
APPLICATION OF TREND ANALYSIS METHOD ON RAINFALL- STREAM FLOW-SUSPENDED LOAD 297
DATAS OF WEST AND EAST BLACK SEA BASINS AND SAKARYA BASIN
Gokmen Ceribasi, Emrah Dogan
ESTIMATING THE SOIL REDISTRIBUTION RATES IN A SMALL AGRICULTURAL 306
REGION (KARKIN VILLAGE) IN GEDIZ BASIN BY USING 137Cs AND 210Pb MEASUREMENTS
Ramazan Manav , Ugur Aysun Gorgun, Banu Ozden, Fatih Dursun Arslan
REMOVAL OF NITRATE FROM GROUND WATER BY MIEX RESINS 315
Cheng Liu , Lifei Zhu, Qian Zhang, Jie Wang, Yang Deng, Wei Chen
IRRIGATION OPTIMIZATION BY THE USE OF FUZZY LOGIC TECHNOLOGY 327
Hussein Bizimana, Muhammad Yaqub, Osman Sonmez, Beytullah Eren, Fatma Demir
BACTERIA IMMOBILIZED ON MICROPOROUS POLYURETHANE TO ENHANCE CAMPUS 335
SEWAGE TREATMENT IN CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS MICROCOSMS
Yuanyuan Shao, Haiyan Pei, Wenrong Hu , Panpan Meng, Zheng Li, Yang Chen
MONITORING LAND USE/LAND COVER CHANGE AROUND A PLAIN RESERVOIR ALONG 345
SOUTH-NORTH WATER TRANSFER PROJECT-EASTERN ROUTE, CHINA
Rui-Juan Wu and Xiu-Feng He
OPTIMIZATION OF BASALT FIBER IN CONCRETE COMPOSITE FOR INDUSTRIAL 355
APPLICATION IN ESTONIA
Eyup Zorla, Cagatay Ipbuker, Volodymyr Gulik, Sergei Kovaljov, Martti Kiisa,
Alex Biland, Alan H. Tkaczyk
3
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SORPTION OF AMMONIA NITROGEN ON SUSPENDED
SEDIMENTS IN LANZHOU SECTION OF THE YELLOW
RIVER, CHINA
Wu Fuping, Wang Yingchao, Xia Chuan, Huo Jinyan, Wei Bigui
(Engineering Research Center for Cold and Arid Regions Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization of Ministry of Education,
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China)
ABSTRACT Yellow River coastal economy in recent years has
led to increased sewage and wastewater emissions,
To explore the mechanism of water self- resulting in heightened water pollution of the
purification, the adsorption properties of ammonia Yellow River Basin. Consequently, studying the
nitrogen on the suspended sediment with different influence of sediment on water quality of the
particle sizes in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow Yellow River has become a priority for relevant
River, China were studied. The effects of sediment departments. Ammonia is one of the prominent
amount, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, pollutants and an excess of ammonia can lead to
sediment size and chemical components on the phenomenon of eutrophication, as well as toxic
ammonia nitrogen adsorption, were analyzed. The effects on fish and other aquatic organisms [2, 3].
results indicated that the Langmuir model provides Since Lanzhou city using the Yellow River water as
a better description of equilibrium adsorption the main water source in industry and agriculture,
capacity of ammonia nitrogen, and the adsorption as well as drinking water for people and livestock,
kinetics fits well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic studying ammonia adsorption to the sediment has
model. Sediment amount has a significant effect on important practical implications for understanding
the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen, and both the the water self-purification capacity of the Lanzhou
adsorption capacity and equilibrium time have section of the Yellow River [4, 5].
remarkable inverse relationships with the sediment At present, there are few studies on sediment
amount. The initial concentration of ammonia adsorption and ammonia degradation, and most of
nitrogen is positively correlated with ammonia them are confined to the middle reaches of the
nitrogen adsorption capacity and equilibrium time. Yellow River. These studies typically focus on the
In addition, the decrease of sediment size leads to role of sediment particles in the ammonia
increase in the ability to absorb ammonia, the nitrification and degradation processes [6-10], but
adsorption capacity and the degree of reaction research on adsorption of ammonia to the sediment
spontaneity. Moreover, the contents of organic itself has rarely been reported. Furthermore, results
matters, Fe O , Al O and MgO in the sediment of such research have not given adequate
2 3 2 3
increase with the decrease in particle size, which consideration to issues such as the impact of
has a positive effect on the maximum adsorption ammonia adsorption, sediment classification, etc.
capacity of sediment. In summary, the sediment This paper assesses water quality of the
adsorption of ammonia has a positive effect on Lanzhou section of the Yellow River through
water self-purification in Lanzhou section of the testing of silt content, sediment grain sizes and
Yellow River, China. initial concentration of ammonia and other
parameters. Detailed analysis revealed the role of
KEYWORDS: sediment in ammonia adsorption and degradation
the Yellow River; ammonia nitrogen; suspended processes in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow
sediment; adsorption; water self-purification; adsorption River, providing a basis for environmental
kinetics; Isothermal equilibrium assessment and water quality improvement of the
Yellow River Basin.
INTRODUCTION
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The Lanzhou section of the Yellow River,
China is wide and shallow with a high silt content, Materials. The test water and sediment were
in which the purification of aqueous-phase taken from the Silver Beach Bridge located in the
pollutants mainly occurs through sediment Lanzhou section of the Yellow River. Samples were
adsorption or subsidence[1]. Development of the collected from the middle of the river under the
4
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
surface of flowing water by lowering a bucket sediment and stirring ensuring no silt remained at
down with rope. After adequate precipitation, the the bottom of the bucket. After the two weeks
supernatant and the sediment were collected, soaking period, the water was removed to allow the
respectively. remaining sediment to dry. The effect of impurity
The collected water samples had a pH range of on the sediment surface were eliminate by this
7.7-8.3 and the ammonia concentration ranged from procedure.
0.12-0.38 mg/L. The water samples were filtered The sediment sample was obtained by dry-
through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, sealed and sieving through stainless steel sieves and then
stored in dark at room temperature. analyzed to determine the sediment particle size
The collected sediment was placed in a bucket, grading and major chemical composition. As shown
which was then filled with river water. The in Fig. 1 and TABLE 1, the median particle
sediment was left to soak for two weeks and the diameter (D) values of the three sediment grades
water was changed twice daily. This process are 15.721, 43.660 and 67.188 μm.
involved siphoning the water from the suspended
TABLE 1
The main chemical composition of sediment in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River
Median particle diameter D(µm) Organic matters Fe2O3 SiO2 Al2O3 MgO CaO Na2O K2O
15.721 1.154 6.17 51.85 15.33 3.34 9.61 1.35 3.19
43.660 0.286 3.93 54.74 9.49 1.89 9.53 2.58 1.79
67.188 0.217 2.56 57.34 6.36 1.12 8.78 2.87 1.27
FIGURE 1
Grading curve of sediment particles in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River
TEST METHODS Adsorption modelAdsorption model. The
adsorption models used in this paper are described
The ammonia concentration was measured as follows:
using Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry. The (1) Pseudo first order kinetic equation
concentration and content of sediment organic expression
matters ware determined by using potassium dq
k (q (cid:16)q)
dichromate as digestion solution. The sediment dt 1 e (1)
particle size distribution was analyzed using the
Where: q is the adsorption amount at time t,
Mastersizer2000 Malvern automatic Zetasizer
mg/g; q is the equilibrium adsorption amount,
e
(Malvern Instruments Ltd, UK). The chemical mg/g; k is the rate constant, h-1; t is the adsorption
1
composition of the sediment was analyzed using the
time, h.
MagixPW2403 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer
(2) Pseudo-second order kinetic equation
(Dutch Philips, US).
expression
dq
k (q (cid:16)q)2
dt 2 e (2)
5

 –  

Where: k is the rate constant, h-1; other and the supernatant was then collected after
2
variables are the same as (1). standing for 1 h and the ammonia concentrations
(3) Langmuir (L) isotherm expression: were measured for each sample at every time point
S KC after filtration through a 0.45 µm filter membrane.
q  m l e
e 1KC The adsorption capacity of sediment for ammonia
l e (3) was calculated at each time point based on the
Where Sm is the maximum sediment initial concentration of ammonia and the
adsorption of pollutants, mg/g; Kl is the adsorption concentration of sediment in the sample.
coefficient; q is the equilibrium adsorption amount,
e
mg/g; Ce is the equilibrium concentration in the Ammonia isothermal equilibrium
aqueous phase, mg/L. adsorption experiment. This test was carried out
(4) Freundlich (F) isotherm expression with three classes of sediment particle size, and
q K C n each particle sizes was divided into several
e f e (4)
sediment concentrations and initial concentrations
Where K represents the adsorption intensity;
f of ammonia. The preparation, measurement and
n is the absorption index.
calculation of the test water samples and the initial
concentration of ammonia were performed in the
Ammonia adsorption kinetics test. Samples
same manner as in the ammonia adsorption kinetics
were splited into two groups: 200 ml of sample
tests. The only differences were the time spent in
water in Erlenmeyer flasks were (1) treated such
the temperature oscillation chamber and the time
that ammonia concentration in each sample was
allowed to stay thermostatic before supernatant
equal between samples and various sediment
collection (48h and 2h, respectively).
concentrations were used; (2) treated such that the
sediment concentration in each sample was fixed
and the initial ammonia concentration varied
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
between samples. All the adsorption tests repeated
in duplicate and the results are the mean values in
Influence of sediment concentration on the
this paper. To eliminate the effects of ammonia
adsorption of ammonia
nitrogen adsorbed on original sediment sample,
The rate of ammonia adsorption over time
blank test corrections were performed to reach the
with an initial ammonia concentration of 1mg/L
final determined values. The water samples were
and different sediment concentrations (S) are shown
placed into a temperature oscillation chamber with
in FIGURE 2. TABLE 2 list the fitting parameters
an oscillation speed of 200 ± 5 r/min and a water
for two adsorption kinetics equations.
temperature of 20±0.5 ℃ for 24 h. Sampling
occurred at various points within this time period
FIGURE 2
Effect of time on the adsorption capacity of ammonia nitrogen for various concentration of sediment
6