Some implications of intelligence, grade level, and sex in relation to certain aspects of pupil attitudes and attained information

442 Pages·19.213 MB·English

by  See, Harold W

SOME IMPLICATIONS OP INTELLIGENCE, GRADE, AND SEX TO
CERTAIN ASPECTS OP PUPIL ATTITUDES AND
ATTAINED INFORMATION
BY
HAROLD W. SEE
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the Doctor of Education degree
in the School of Education
Indiana University
September, 1950
ProQuest Number: 10296500
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Accepted "by the faculty of the School of Education, Indiana
D

-S. University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Doctor of Education.
“"VvV t ___
QJb
Director of Thesis
Doctoral Committeei o— — , Chairman
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ACOfOWLEDGMEM?
Grateful acknowledgment is extended to Dr, William
H, Fox, who provided the suggestion of the possibilities
for this study. His encouragement and valuable assistance
have been deeply appreciated. To the Curriculum Commission
and Superintendent Balph Becker of the Evansville Public
Schools, Evansville, Indiana, who kindly allowed the use
of collected data, the present writer is most indebted,
Tor the generous provision of facilities and encouragement,
which Dean Wendell W. Wright afforded the writer during the
past months, the author wishes to express genuine appreci­
ation, Finally, the recognition of patience and untiring
assistance of his wife, Helen, from the time of the study's
inception, is hereby given with the author's sincerest
expression of gratitude,
H. W. S.
Hi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
I. INTRODUCTION........................................ 1
Statement of the Problem .................. 3
Historical Background.......... 5
Related Literature . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Limitations of the Study ........................36
Summary ................ 38
II, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES.................................bO
Source of the Data .............................*K)
Evaluation Instruments . . . . . ..................... h6
Controls................ ........... . ^8
Tabulation Procedures........ ^ . *J9
Statistical Application................................ 50
Selection of Significant Items . . . . . . . ........... $2
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . $2
III. SAFETY...............................................55
Safety Questionnaire.................................. 56
Findings ........ 57
Safety at the School......................... 57
Safety on the Playground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Safety on the Streets and Sidewalks ............... 67
Summary 71
IV. CITIZENSHIP........................................... ?k
Citizenship Questionnaire ,. . . . . . . . . . 75
Findings............ 76
Courtesy.................................... 7 6
Self-control ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Social Attitudes ......... 85
Respect for Authority ........................... 89
Appreciationof Property Rights 9^
iv
Chapter
TJhselfish Service . . . » * ............. . * .........98
Patriotism........• ............ . . . .............104
Critical Thinking...................................108
Participation in a Democracy................. . . . . 112
Responsibilities to All Croups .......... 118
Summary * . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
V. LEISURE TIME ACTIYITIES............................... 128
Leisure Time Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Findings . . . . ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Participation in Active Games and Sports.............130
Participation in Social Activities .......... 139
Participation in Nature Activities........ 145
Participation in Collecting Activities...............151
Participation in Service Activities 157
Participation in Mental and Linguistic Activities .... 162
Participation in Art and Craft Activities.............168
Participation in Music Activities.................... 174
Participation in Dramatic Activities 177
Participation in Dancing Activities.................. 184
Summary ........ 187
VI. VOCATIONAL INFORMATION........ 190
Vocational Information Questionnaire • 191
Findings........................................... 192
Overcrowded Occupations 192
Factors Influencing Success on a New J o b ........ 194
Vocational Plans After Graduation.................... 19$
Occupational Choices Stipulating Salaries ............ 200
Salary Expected in Occupations of Student9 s Choice . . • 203
Educational Plans and the Relationship of Training to
Various Occupations . . . . . . 205
Review of the High School Program ............ 207
Summary ......... 209
Chapter
▼XI. BHADING INTERESTS.....................................213
Fundamental Knowledge Questionnaire • • • . . » • ......... 213
Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 214-
Books Bead with Enjoyment............................ 214
Magazines Bead with Enjoyment . . * . ......... . . . * 217
Beading of Newspapers . , ................ 220
Beading of Comic Books..................... 226
Beading Habits..................................... 231
Summary............................... . ........... 234
▼111, FAMILY LIV1H&........................................ 238
Family Living Questionnaire . . . . . . 239
Findings.................................. ......... 240
Personal Freedom * . . . . . . . . . . 240
Personal Consideration • » ................. . . . . . 246
Personal Besponsibllity ........ 252
Self •Appraisal ........... * ......... ............ 257
Attitude Toward School . . . . ....... * ............. 261
Summary * 266
IX, SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF THE
FINDINGS...........................................271
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2?1
Conclusions ♦ ♦ . . ........ ...... . . . . . . 282
Possible Applications of the Findings • * ............ . . 284
BIBLIOGRAPHY.........................................285
APPENDIX............................................293
Appendix A; Evansville Public School, Curriculum
Commission Evaluation Instrument.............. 293
Appendix B: Curriculum Commission Report . . . . . . . . . 294
Appendix Cs Sample Worksheet for Chi Square Test
Applied to a Frequency Distribution of Fifth Grade
Students* Intelligence Scores (Otis) ................ 295
vi
Chapter Page
.Appendix Di Otis Qniek-Scoring Mental Ability Tests,
Beta and Gamma Forms ...........297
Appendix Es Codes Employed in Setting Up Bata for
Machine Operations and Directions for Control
Sorting....... . ...................... 296
Appendix F: Sample of Form Used to Record Bata Taken
From Machines ♦ . . 31?
vii
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Students Selected
in Random Sample (Grades *1—12), According to Grade Level,
Mental Ability, and Sex Classifications..................*j4
2* Chi Square Values and Levels of Significance with Regard to
the formality of Observed Intelligence Test Scores (Grades
*1-12) ........................ ..................... k5
3* Percentages of Students* Responses (Grades *1—6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety at theS chool . . . . . . . 58
*K Percentages of Students* Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety at the School ............ 60
5. Percentages of Students* Responses (Grades 9-12), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety at the School 62
6. Percentages of Students* Responses (Grades *1-6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety on the Playground . . . . . 6*1-
7. Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety on the Playground . . . . . 66
8. Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety on the Streets and Side­
walks ............ 68
9. Percentages of Students* Responses (Grades 9-12), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Safety on the Streets and Side­
walks ................... 70
10. Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades *1—6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Courtesy ..................... 77
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Table Page
11* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Courtesy ...................... 79
12* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 9-12), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Courtesy • • • . • . * . . . • * • 80
13* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 4—6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Self-Control . ............... 82
14, Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Self-Control , . • , , ........ 83
15* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 9-12), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Self-Control .......... , * * * » 84
16* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 4-6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Social Attitudes ..............86
17* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Social Attitudes............... 87
18* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 9-12), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Social Attitudes , * , * • • . * • 88
19* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 4-6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Respect for Authority * . * * . • 91
20* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 7-8), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Respect for Authority . * , * • • 92
21* Percentages of Students' Responses (Grades 9-12), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Respect for Authority * • * « • • 93
22* Percentages of Students* Responses (Grades 4-6), According
to Mental Ability and Sex Classifications, with Regard to
Various Items Concerning Appreciation of Property Rights . 95
ix