some american jurassic ammonites

88 Pages·2013·46.17 MB·English

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY .
GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director
Professional Paper 118
SOME AMERICAN JURASSIC AMMONITES
OF THE
GENERA QUENSTEDTICERAS, CARDIOCERAS, AND AMOEBOCERAS
FAMILY CARDIOCERATIDAE
BY
JOHN B. REESIDE, JR.
WASIIINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1919
_..,...;---
CONTENTS.
Page.
Introduction .....· ..................... ~.~ ......... ·.· ........· . ......................... ~ .......... :...... 5
Distribution of species. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Corr~lation .................... ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Works cited in this paper ................................... , ...................................· .......... 11
Systematic descriptions .......................................................... :........................ 12:
Family Cardioceratidae H. Douville.................................................................... 12:
Genus Quenstedticeras Hyatt ............................................................ -~......... H
Genus Cardioceras N eumayr and Uhlig ...... : ........................... ·. ... : .. l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Genus Amoeboceras Hyatt. ......................... _·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-
Index ................. _. ................................................................ _............... 64
ILLUSTRATIONS.
p~9
PLATES I-XXIV. JuraSsic ammonites .................. : ...........................· ........ : .............
FIGURE 1. Map of Wyoming showing localitie3 where Cardioceratidae were obtained ................... _: . . . . 8
3

SOME AMERICAN .JURASSIC AMMO ITES OF THE GEN RA QUENSTEDTICERAS,
CARDIOCERAS, AND A~OEHO1 CERAS, FAMILY OA DIOCERATIDAE.
By JoiN B. REESIDE, Jr.
INTRODUCTION. ] p~ied, ev~n when here seemed to be no recog-
The species cordiforme Meek and Harden, nizable difference between the American and
distans ~itfield, canadense Whiteaves, and European species. Furthermore, 'the writer has
by
dubium_ Hyatt ~probably ~eluding whitnkyi J. accepted the nam s as applied the European
P. Smith), variously assigned to· the g[jnera authors, althoug there is a wide variation in
Amaltheus, Quenstedticeras, Amoeboceras.,. and their conceptions of the same species, particu
Oardioceras, and subtumidum Whitfiel~ and larly as to · the · its within which a given
Hovey, assigned to Aegoceras, include all the specific name sho dbe applied. Some authors
prev~ously described s~ecies o~ Jurassi9 .a m..: have extended su h names as cordatum Sowerb y
. monites that are considered In this ~aper .. and excavatum So erby to·cover a considerable
Material ac.cumulated in the National M seum range of form, w ereas· others have ~estricted
at Washington, mainly through the effo · ts of these names.a nd pplied other na~es to vari
field parties of the United ·states. Geolfgical ant~ from the ty e. ·It seems to the writer at
Sl}l'vey, has shown, however, the presencr of a least a great conv nience to have names for the
number of undescribed forms of .c onsid,rable distinguishable f rms, even though i~termedi~ .
sc~entific i~terest. These new species wefe ob- ate ~orms cause oubts as to the exact syste
tained .m. amly Jrom the Sundance formatton of matic rank of su h names.
Wyommg. One comes from the Ellis ffrma- The writer tak s this opportunity to thank
tion of Montana, one from Jurassic bed~ near Mr. T. W. Stant :n for advice. and assistance, .
Lillooet, British Columbia, and three from the and Mr. C. A. Re ds, of the American Museum
Oardioceras-beari:pg beds near the base if the of N a.tural His to y, for the loan of Whitfield
Naknek formation of Alaska. and Hovey's figu ed specimens. He wishes to
The interpretation of the data furnis~d by express his appre iation of the work of Mr. W.
the study. of these fossils has been hi ered 0. Hazard, who hotographed the specimens
somewhat because the exact stratigraphi loca- and of Miss Fra~ es Wieser, who retouched th~
tio.n of much of the m.aterial is unknol. .l' It photographs and assembled the plates.
was gathered with regard merely for the g. neral
stratigraphic and geographic position. ow-.
ever, as a knowledge of tlie gener_al relati nship ·
of the forms to those of other areas is i~itself The species dis ussed in this paper are placed
under 33 specifi and· 2 vari'etal names. Of
of va1 u e to the stratigrapher and systema ist it
h d d . bl d . these names, 30 renew and 5 are old names
as ~eeme esira e to escr~be and fig e the 2 of which are re tricted in application. '
speI cies. . The d'I str1· but1· n of· the species by forma-
n makmg comparisons with Euro'pean forms tions is as follow :
the write~ has had little authentically identified
material and has relied entirely upon the pub Sundance formation northeastern Utah:
Cardioceras hyat i Reeside.
lished descriptions and figures. For this reason
Sundance formation f northwestern Colorado:
in part the European names have not been ap-
Cardioceras cf. C wyomingense Reeside.
!l
6 SOME AMERICAN JURASSIC AMMONITES.
Sundance formation of southern Wyoming~ Sundance formation, etc.-Continued.
Quenstedticeras? hoveyi Reeside. Cardioceras americanum Reeside-Continued.
suspectum Reeside. distans (Wh,itfield).
Cardioceras auroraense Reeside. distans var. depressum Reeside.
cordiforme (Meek and Hayden). haresi Reeside.
crassum Reeside. obtusum Reeside.
crookense Reeside. russelli Reeside.
haresi Reeside. stillwelli Reeside.
hyatti Reeside. sundancense Reeside.
plattense Reeside. whitfieldi Reeside .
russelli Reeside. . whiteavesi Re~ide.
schucherti Reeside. wyomingense Reeside.
stantoni Reeside. Cardioceraa? latum Reeside.
stan.toni var. obesum Reeside. Ellis formation of Montana:
wyomingense Reeside. Quenstedticeras collieri Reeside.
Cardioceras? albaniense Reeside. Mariposa slate of California:
incertum Reeside. Amoeboceras dubium Hyat>t.
latum Reeside. Cardioceras-bearing beds of British Columbia:
sp. undet. Cardioceras canaden~e (Whiteaves).
Sundance formation of northeastern Wyoming and west lillooetense Reeside.
ern South Dakota (Black Hills): whiteavesi Reeside.
Quenstedticeras? hoveyi Reeside. Cardioceras-bearing beds in the lower part of the Naknek
subtumidum (Whitfield and Hovey). formation of Alaska~
suspectum Re~ide. Cardioceras alaskense Rooside.
tumidum Reeside. distana (Whitfield).
Cardioceras americanum Reeside. distana var. depressum Reeside.
bellefourchense Reeside. martini Reeside.
canadense (Whiteaves). spiniferum Reeside.
cordiforme (Meek and Hayden).
The following table and list show the geo
crassum Reeside.
crookense Reeside graphic distribution of the species:
7
DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES.
D-iStribution of species by localities.
[T, Type locality; X, occurrence.]
0 .sbiJ
"e'0
s
j 00 ..s~.b..i J 0 .~
p 0 · ~ "S
0
z~-10~0ca-:03>> ·-z-1>0aIa~B0I--:-=:0<>>>< l ~w-:>B0aI;>-::=<:>. !l- · . z~~aI~0a-::<>> ~.0~~$ .·.0~.m8. .. ·...~0,.ggI.o-. <. ],-.!<~: .d
~-------------l-a-1 ~~~~~~~_!)_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Quenstedticeras collieri Reeside..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T X ........... .
Quenstedticeras? hoveyi Reeside ... - . . . . . . X . . . . . . . . . ·x X . . . . . . . . . T . . . . . . X .......... _._ ........ .
subtumidum (Whitfield and -
Hovey) ........................................... T ........•.................................
suspectu rn Reeside ....... ~ . . . . . . . .. . . . T . . . . . . . . . . . . X ......................................... .
tumidum Reeside ................ ·. ............. .................. : ........... T ................. .
Cru;~~:rlc8a~~:R::s~~~s-i~_e_ ~ :J: :: .T . : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ·~ · : ~ :
..· ." : : : : ::·:: :: ::: :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: :J :: :::::::::
:::r::: ::::::::: ::::::
~E.:ri'~~i!?v~~~~::_:_:_:_:::: :~:1::: ::::::::: :T: :~: :~:
cordiforme (Meek and Hayden).. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . X .. . .. . X .. . ? .. • .. . . .. X .................... .
crassum Reeside.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . T . . . X ......................................... .
crookense Reeside. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . . . T ...................................... .
distans (Whitfield) .................... ~ .... , ......... X ... T .. , ............................ X .. .
distans depressum Reeside ........ ·. ....... ~ .. . .. .. . .. . T X . .. X .. . X .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . X ...
haresi Reeside ........................... X ...... ... X X ......... -... · · T · · · · · · · · · · · · '· · · · · · · ·
fJi~~t~ne::i~:~~id~::::::::::::: -~- -~- .T. ::: :::
::: ::: ::: ::: 1: :: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: :::
martini Reeside...... . . . . . . . . . . . :. :. :. . . . . . . :. :. :. :. :. :. :.: .: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T X
~!i~~~:-:-::::::::::::: ::::~: :T: ::: :~: ::::::::::::::: -~- :::::::::::: :C:'::::::
_.:::::: :_::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: :: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: :::
:~?ci£~:~! ~~~~~~~---.· ~:: -~- ~ "rj:" :::
~d~~~~tJidj::.~::: [~[ ~:; ~T:I ~~i ::::::
::; [::
!ii ;fi :[[ :::
\?!I: [x :[: ::: :x;l::: :::
j\[
incertum Reeside. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '1J . . . • • • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • ..
latum Reeside ......... ~ .............. X X ......... T X ............... X ...................· . .
. sp. undet ......... ·. ............· . . . . . .· 1.- -. .. . . . . . . )<( •..•.. ~ ••••• 1 .•••..••••.••••••••.•••.•.••.••.••••
Amoeboceras dubium Hyatt ............... .................... ~:--· ....... ·. ............. T ..... · --~
1
a Numbers indicate.numbers asslgned to localities in list (pp. 8-9).
I
8 SOME AMERICAN JURASSIQ AMMONITES.
The localities which have furnished the ma 4. Sundance formation, SW. i sec. 13, T. 23 N., R. 79 W.,
terial on which this paper is based and the Carbon County, Wyo.:
Cardiocera;s haresi.
species identified from each locality are listed
Cardioceras? latum.
below. The numbers are indicated in the table
5. Sundance formation, Difficulty Canyon, in sec. 31, T.
on page 7. The accompanying index map . 24 N., R. 80 W., Carbon County, Wyo.:
(fig. 1) shows the localities in the State of Cardioceras hyatti.
Wyoming from which these fossils have been stanton.i.
stantoni var. obesum.
obtained, the numbers corresponding to those
6. Sundance fo.rmation, east side of Freezeout Hills in T.
in the following list;
·' 25 N., R. 78 W., Carbon County, Wyo.:
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 MILES
W-UWU---~----~--~----L---~
FIGURE 1.-Map of Wyoming showing localities where Cardioceratidae were obtained.
List of localities and fossils. From belemnite zone near middle of formation:
Cardioceras cordiforme.
1. Sundance formation, near dinosaur quarry of Carnegie
wyomingense.
Museum at Jensen, Uinta County, Utah:
schucherti.
Cardioceras hyatti.
crassum.
2. Sundance formation, near Yampa River, Moffat County,
Cardioc(;lras? incertum.
Colo.: ·
Cardioceras cf. C. wyomingense. albani3nse.
3. Sundance formation, Como Bluff, near Aurora, Wyo. sp. undet.
(now known as Ridge, on the Union Pacific From the nodules above the belemnite zone:
Railroad, in T. 22 N., R, 77 W., Carbon Cardioceras cordiforme.
County): crookense.
Quenstedticeras? hoveyi. 7./·Sundance formation, near Grand Canyon of the North
suspectum. Platte, south of Alcova, Natrona County,
Cardioceras wyomingense. Wyo.:
stant oni. Quenstedticeras? hoveyi.
russelli. Cardioceras plattense.
auroraense.
Cardioceras? latum.
DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES. 9
8. Sundance formation, half a mile northeast of the John 14. Sundance formation, miles southwest of Barrett
son horse ranch in T. 52 N., R. 65 W., Belle (Aladdin), Crook County, Wyo.:
Fourche River, 25 miles west of Sundance, Cardioceras wyomingense.
Wyo.: 15. Sundance formation, 1! miles north of Redwr.ter
Quensted tice ras? suspectum. Creek, near boundary between South Dakota
subtumidum. and Wyoming, in Wyoming:
Cardioceras distans. Quenstedticeras? hoveyi.
distans var. depressum. Cardioceras cordiforme.·
haresi. haresi.
crassum. russelli.
bellefourchense. obtusum.
Cardiocer:as? latum. Cardioceras? latum.
9. Sundance formation; 4 miles west of Devils Tower, 16. Sundance formation, Red Canyon, half a mile sbuth
Crook County, Wyo.: of Mathias Peak, in sec. 24, T. 3 S., R. 7 E.,
Cardioceras distans var. depressum. Fall River County, S. Dak.:
cordiform e. Quenstedticeras? ttrmidum.
wyomingense. 17. Ellis formation, sec. 7, T. 25 N., R . .2 6 E., Blaine
haresi. County, Mont. (Little Rocky Mountains):
crookense. Quenstedticeras collieri.
obtusum. 18. Ellis formation, sec. 27,· T. 25 N., R. 26 E., Blaine
Cardioceras? latum. County, Mont. (Little Rocky Mountains):
10. Sundance formation, 2 miles south ot Belle Fourche Quenstedticeras collieri.
River, near Bear Lodge Butte (Devils Tower), 19. Mariposa slate, Texas Ranch, Calaveras County, Cal.:
Crook County, Wyo.: · Amoeboceras dubium.
Cardioceras distans. 20. Cardioceras-bearing beds, head of Big Creek, tribu-·
whitfieldi. tary of Chilcotin River; about 90 miles north
11. Sundance formation, 4 miles west of SundancP., Crook west_ of Lillooet, Lillooet County, British
County, Wyo.: . ·Columbia:
Cardioceras distans var. depressum. · Cardioceras canadense.
cordiforme? lillooetense.
stillwelli. w hiteavesi.
canadense. 21. Cardioceras-bearing beds in lower part Of Naknek
whiteavesi. form~tion, east side of Oil Bay, .Cook Inlet
sundancense. region, Alaska:. 1
americanu rn. Cardioceras distans.
12. Sundance formation, foothill~ west Qf Bear Lodge distans var. depressum.
Mountains, Crook County, Wyo.: spiniferum.
I
Quenstedticeras? hoveyi. martini.
13. Sundance formation, Sundance-Aladdin stage road at alaskense ..
south fork of Redwater Creek, Crook County, 22. Cardioceras-bearing beds near creek entering Boulder
Wyo.: Creek, Matanuska Valley, Alaska:
Cardioceras distans var. depressum. Cardioceras martini. · '
Comparati~e list of American and most closely related European species.
American species. ., . . European species.
Quenstedticeras collieri Reeside .............................. Quenstedticeras Iamberti (Sowei-by).
Quenstedticeras? hoveyi Reeside ....... , .... _' ................ ~ Quenstedticeras? goliath (D'Orbigny).
subtumidum (Whitfield and Hovey).................... . . goliath (D'Orbigny) var. De Loriol.
suspectum Reeside .... ~ ................ .-.... :............. goliath (D'Orbigny) ..
tumidum Reeside ....................................... Quenstedticeras carinat um Eichwald.
Cardioceras alaskense Reeside ............................... ; Cardioceras vagum Ilowaisky.
americanum Reeside. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e~cavatum (Sower by) Lahusen.
auroraense Reeside.. .... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nikitinianum Lahusen.
bellefourchense Reeside .................. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (?)
canadense (Whiteaves) ............................... : .·.. zenaidae Ilowaisky.
cordiforme (Meek and Hayden).-.~ ........... ~ ......... .'.. · cordatum (Sowerby) var. b De LorioL
popilian'ense Boden ..
crassum Reeside ............................... ·. ........ . (?)
crookense Reeside ........................ ·. .............. . cordatum (Sowerby) var. d De Loriol.
distans (Whitfield), ........ ~ ........................... . rouilleri (Nikitin) Lahusen. ·
1 Stanton, T. W., and Martin, G. C., Mesozoic section on Cook Inlet and Alaska Peninsula: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 16, pp. 394, 395,
406,1905.
10
SOME AMERICAN JURASSIC AMMONITES.
· . • American species. European species
Card10cer•a s dlSt•a ns var • depressum ReeB ·l d e.---.-----.-----... Ca rd 1' 0ceras vertebrale (Sowerby) · var. a Ilowaisky.
hares1 ReeB1de .. _. _. _____ ... ___ . ________________ . _____ . __ . (?) ·
~yatti Reeside. -.----· -·· ·--·---------.-.-.-.-.------.~--.- cordatum (Sowerby) Lahusen BorissJ'ak.
lilloto'e t.e nse R.e es1de -_- ------------·-·---------·---------·- cord atum (S owerby) var. a De' Lon·o l. ·
mar illl Reesi~e-----------·-----.---.-----.-.-... -----.. excavatum (Sowerby) Borissjak.
obtusum Rees1de .... ___ .... _____ . ______ . _______ .... __ _ _ _ _ (?)
plattense Reeside. ____ ._ _ . ________ . ____ . _____ . _. .. _. ___ . __ _ (?)
russelli Reeside. _____ ... _. _________ ...... _. . __ · __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (?)
schucherti Reeside __ ... _____ . _. _. _. _. .. __ . ___ ... ___ .. __ _ rouilleri ·(Nikitin)
sp.m i fe rum· R ees1. de .. ________ ~. _. __ . ____ . _. _. . __ .. ____ . _.. (?. ) .
stantoni Reeside. --------------·.·---.-... -.-... ---... --.-- vertebrale (Sowerby) Boden.
quadradtoides (Nikitin).
stantoni var. obesum Reeside. _ . _____ . _. . __ . ____________ . vertebrale (l3owerby) Boden.
quadradtoides (Nikitin).
stillwelli Reeside .. ____ . _. ·. _. . _. · · · ·-.---.-..... --------- excavatum (Sowerby) var. laevigata Boden.
sundancense Reeside ___ -__ . t (S b
~· ~:r~:~:a~so::~Yf~r u;:;~:r;~;ii!~:~Y
whiteavesi Reeside-_____ . ___ -_-_-_-_-_· _· _· _-_-.· .-_- .· .· _-_· _-_·._-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_·
whitfieldi Reeside .... -.-~---------·_. -___ . __ .. ____ . _. .. __ . tenuicostatum Nikitin.
wyomingense Reeside.--.--------_--____ .... __ ... _. _. _.. nikitinianum Lahusen.
Cardioceras? albaniense Reeside. ____ . _. ____ . ______ ..... __ _ _ _ _ _ (?) , ..
incertum Reeside __________________ .. _____ . _. .... _____ .... (?)
latum Reeside. _-................ _. ... _. ......... ·....... (?)
sp. undet _. . _. ____________ . ___ . __ . _. __ ._. __ . _. _______ . . . . (?)
Amo. ebocer.a s dubium Hyatt .................................. Am oe b.o · cerasa1t ernans(VonBuch). bauhini(Oppel).
CORRELATION. pean stratigraphers refer the cordalum zone to
the Lower Oxfordian, others to the Upper Ox
Sundance formation of W.voming, Utah, and
fordian or to the Lower Corallian, ·and still
Oolorado.-The Sundance formation has been
others drop the terms Oxfordian and Corallian
· considere4 by nearly all American authors &s
and substitute Argovian or Sequanian.
a single naleontologic and stratigraphic unit of
Ellis formatio.n of Montana.-The single
Lower Oxfordian age, in the sense in which that
ammonite described from the Ellis formation
term is applied by the continental and particu
of Montana would indicate a lower strati-·
larly the Russian stratigraphers. The present
graphic position than that of the Sundance.
study bears out this interpretation. The fauna
The number of species of inver-tebrates com
of the localities listed in this paper is essen-
mon to, both formations is sufficient to pre
. tially a unit, even though the species are
clude a great difference in age, yet many of the
. widely separated in geographic range. Some
most characteristic forms of the one are lacking
of the species from .northeastern Wyoming
in the other, particularly the ammonites.·
show affinities with the genus Amoebocera8 in
Quenstedticeras of the type of Quenstedticeras
the tendency to obsolescenc.e of the ventral
collieri is characteristic of a zone referred by.
ribs and may indicat~ a late stage of the Sun
many continental stratigraphers to the latest
dance, but no true representatives of Amoebo
Callovian, by others to the Lower Oxfordian
ceras are known from the formation. A single
or Divesian. ·
speci~s from the Sundance of South Dakota
Mariposa slate of California.-The one spe
Quenstedticeras? tumidum Reeside, may indicat~
qies from the Mariposa slate is a true Amoebo
an older horizon than the Oardioceras · zone
ceras and indicates, as long ago pointed out
but this is still open to some doubt. The clos~
by Smith 1 and· Hyatt, 2 a later age than that
relationship between the cardioceratids of the
of the Sundance formation, a conclusion which
Sundance and those of the zone of Oardioceras
is strengthened by the presence of Aucella
cordatum Sowerby, of the European Jurassic
with the ammonite. Amoeboceras is charac
indic~tes their equivalence. It is true that
teristic of a· zone referred by many authors to
some of the American species seem to have no the Upper Oxfordian, by others to the Kim
close relatives in the European faunas so far meridgian.
as o.ne may judge from the literature of the
1 Smith, J. P., Age of the auriferous slates of the Sierra Nevada: Geol.
subject, but the remaining species are suffi Soc. America Bull., vol. 5, p. 254, 1894.
cient to establish the correlation. Many Euro- 2 Hyatt, Alpheus, Trias and Jura in the Western States: Idem pp
407-413. . ' •