Table Of Content

United States In cooperation with Soil Survey of Department of Alabama Agricultural Agriculture Experiment Station and Alabama Soil and Water Russell County, Natural Conservation Committee Resources Alabama Conservation Service 3 How to Use This Soil Survey General Soil Map The general soil map, which is the color map preceding the detailed soil maps, shows the survey area divided into groups of associated soils called general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use and management of large areas. To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify the name of the map unit in the area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the section General Soil Map Units for a general description of the soils in your area. Detailed Soil Maps The detailed soil maps follow the general soil map. These maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small areas. To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the Index to Map Sheets, which precedes the soil maps. Note the number of the map sheet and turn to that sheet. Locate your area of interest on the map sheet. Note the map units symbols that are in that area. Turn to the Contents, which lists the map units by symbol and name and shows the page where each map unit is described. The Contents shows which table has data on a specific land use for each detailed soil map unit. Also see the Contents for sections of this publication that may address your specific needs. 4 This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 1994. Soil names and descriptions were approved in 1997. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 1994. This survey was made cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, the Alabama Cooperative Extension System, the Alabama Soil and Water Conservation Committee, and the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries. The survey is part of the technical assistance furnished to the Russell County Soil and Water Conservation District. Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged, maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a larger scale. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Cover: Peanuts growing in an area of Orangeburg fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes. Peanuts are an important crop in Russell County. Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available online from the Natural Resources Conservation Service at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov. 5 Contents How to Use This Soil Survey..................................3 GrB—Gritney fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent Contents ..................................................................5 slopes ..........................................................41 Foreword .................................................................9 HaB—Hannon clay loam, 1 to 3 percent General Nature of the County..................................11 slopes ..........................................................42 How This Survey Was Made ...............................14 HnC2—Hannon clay, 3 to 5 percent slopes, Soil Survey Procedures......................................15 eroded..........................................................43 General Soil Map Units.........................................17 HnD2—Hannon clay, 5 to 8 percent slopes, 1. Congaree-Wickham-Maxton..........................17 eroded..........................................................44 2. Dogue-Kinston-Lynchburg.............................18 HsE2—Hannon-Sumter complex, 5 to 12 3. Urbo-Mooreville-Una.....................................18 percent slopes, eroded.................................46 4. Conecuh-Luverne .........................................19 KMA—Kinston, Mantachie, and Iuka soils, 5. Hannon.........................................................20 0 to 1 percent slopes, frequently 6. Springhill-Troup-Luverne ...............................20 flooded .........................................................47 7. Sumter-Hannon ............................................21 KoA—Kolomoki fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 8. Cowarts-Uchee-Marvyn................................21 percent slopes, rarely flooded.......................48 9. Dothan-Fuquay-Orangeburg..........................22 LnB—Luverne sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................25 slopes ..........................................................49 AnA—Annemaine fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 LnC2—Luverne sandy loam, 5 to 10 percent percent slopes, rarely flooded.......................26 slopes, eroded..............................................52 BdA—Bladen fine sandy loam, 0 to 1 percent LsE—Luverne-Springhill complex, 15 to 25 slopes, occasionally flooded ........................27 percent slopes..............................................53 BeA—Bladen loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes, LyA—Lynchburg loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 ponded.........................................................28 percent slopes, rarely flooded.......................54 BnB—Blanton loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent MnB—Marvyn loamy sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes ..........................................................28 slopes ..........................................................55 CnB—Conecuh fine sandy loam, 1 to 3 MxA—Maxton loamy sand, 0 to 2 percent percent slopes..............................................30 slopes, rarely flooded ...................................56 CoC2—Conecuh loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, OcA—Ocilla loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 percent eroded..........................................................31 slopes, rarely flooded ...................................57 CtB—Congaree-Toccoa complex, gently OrA—Orangeburg fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 undulating, occasionally flooded...................32 percent slopes..............................................58 CwB—Cowarts loamy sand, 2 to 5 percent OuC—Orangeburg-Urban land complex, 1 to 8 slopes ..........................................................34 percent slopes..............................................59 DgA—Dogue fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent PaE—Pacolet sandy loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes, rarely flooded ...................................35 slopes ..........................................................59 DoA—Dothan fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent Pt—Pits..............................................................60 slopes ..........................................................36 RbA—Red Bay sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent DoB—Dothan fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ..........................................................61 slopes ..........................................................37 RvA—Riverview loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes, FpA—Fluvaquents, ponded.................................38 occasionally flooded.....................................62 FuB—Fuquay loamy fine sand, 0 to 5 percent SbB—Springhill sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ..........................................................39 slopes ..........................................................62 GoA—Goldsboro loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 ScD—Springhill-Cowarts-Urban land complex, percent slopes..............................................40 8 to 15 percent slopes..................................64 6 ShE3—Sumter-Hannon complex, 12 to 25 Fuquay Series ..................................................108 percent slopes, severely eroded...................65 Goldsboro Series..............................................108 TaB—Troup-Alaga complex, 0 to 5 percent Gritney Series...................................................109 slopes ..........................................................66 Hannon Series..................................................110 TsE—Troup-Springhill-Luverne complex, Iuka Series.......................................................111 10 to 30 percent slopes................................67 Kinston Series..................................................112 UcB—Uchee-Cowarts complex, 0 to 5 percent Kolomoki Series................................................112 slopes ..........................................................69 Luverne Series..................................................113 UcD—Uchee-Cowarts complex, 5 to 15 Lynchburg Series..............................................114 percent slopes..............................................70 Mantachie Series..............................................114 UdA—Udorthents-Urban land complex, 0 to 2 Marvyn Series ..................................................115 percent slopes..............................................72 Maxton Series ..................................................116 Ur—Urban land ...................................................72 Mooreville Series..............................................116 UuA—Urbo-Mooreville-Una complex, 0 to 2 Ocilla Series.....................................................117 percent slopes, frequently flooded................73 Orangeburg Series............................................118 WbA—Wahee-Bladen complex, 0 to 1 percent Pacolet Series ..................................................118 slopes, occasionally flooded ........................74 Red Bay Series ................................................119 WkA—Wickham fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 Riverview Series...............................................119 percent slopes, rarely flooded.......................75 Springhill Series................................................120 Prime Farmland ....................................................77 Sumter Series...................................................120 Use and Management of the Soils .......................79 Toccoa Series...................................................121 Crops and Pasture..............................................79 Troup Series......................................................122 Woodland Management and Productivity ............84 Uchee Series....................................................122 Recreation ..........................................................86 Una Series........................................................123 Wildlife Habitat....................................................87 Urbo Series.......................................................123 Aquaculture ........................................................88 Wahee Series ...................................................124 Engineering.........................................................89 Wickham Series ...............................................125 Soil Properties ......................................................95 Formation of the Soils........................................127 Engineering Index Properties..............................95 Factors of Soil Formation..................................127 Physical and Chemical Properties......................96 Processes of Horizon Differentiation.................128 Soil and Water Features......................................97 Surface Geology...............................................129 Physical and Chemical Analyses of Selected References...........................................................131 Soils.............................................................98 Glossary ..............................................................133 Engineering Index Test Data ...............................98 Tables ..................................................................143 Classification of the Soils...................................101 Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation ...........144 Soil Series and Their Morphology..........................101 Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall.........145 Alaga Series.....................................................101 Table 3.—Growing Season................................145 Annemaine Series ............................................102 Table 4.—Suitability and Limitations of Bladen Series...................................................103 General Soil Map Units for Specified Blanton Series..................................................103 Uses ..........................................................146 Conecuh Series ................................................104 Table 5.—Acreage and Proportionate Extent Congaree Series...............................................105 of the Soils.................................................147 Cowarts Series.................................................105 Table 6.—Land Capability and Yields per Dogue Series....................................................106 Acre of Crops.............................................148 Dothan Series...................................................107 Table 7.—Yields per Acre of Pasture and Hay...151 7 Table 8.—Woodland Management and Table 16.—Physical and Chemical Properties Productivity................................................154 of the Soils.................................................191 Table 9.—Recreational Development.................159 Table 17.—Soil and Water Features ..................196 Table 10.—Wildlife Habitat................................163 Table 18.—Physical Analyses of Selected Table 11.—Building Site Development ..............167 Soils...........................................................199 Table 12.—Sanitary Facilities............................171 Table 19.—Chemical Analyses of Selected Table 13.—Construction Materials.....................176 Soils...........................................................200 Table 14.—Water Management .........................180 Table 20.—Engineering Index Test Data............201 Table 15.—Engineering Index Properties ..........184 Table 21.—Classification of the Soils................202 Issued 2003 9 Foreword This soil survey contains information that affects land use planning in this survey area. It contains predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The survey also highlights soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the impact of selected land uses on the environment. This soil survey is designed for many different users. Farmers, ranchers, foresters, and agronomists can use it to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management needed for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers can use the survey to plan land use, select sites for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure proper performance. Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, wildlife management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the survey to help them understand, protect, and enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations that affect various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are shallow to bedrock. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations. These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil survey. Broad areas of soils are shown on the general soil map. The location of each soil is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the survey area is described. Information on specific uses is given for each soil. Help in using this publication and additional information are available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension System. Robert N. Jones State Conservationist Natural Resources Conservation Service