Soil Survey of Crenshaw County, Alabama

495 Pages·2007·3.38 MB·English

United States In cooperation with Soil Survey of
Department of the Alabama Agricultural
Agriculture Experiment Station and the
Crenshaw
Alabama Soil and Water
Conservation Committee
County, Alabama
Natural
Resources
Conservation
Service

How To Use This Soil Survey
General Soil Map
The general soil map, which is a color map, shows the survey area divided into groups
of associated soils called general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use
and management of large areas.
To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify
the name of the map unit in the area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the
section General Soil Map Units for a general description of the soils in your area.
Detailed Soil Maps
The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small
areas.
To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the Index to Map
Sheets. Note the number of the map sheet and turn to that sheet.
Locate your area of interest on the map sheet. Note the map unit symbols that are in
that area. Turn to the Contents, which lists the map units by symbol and name and
shows the page where each map unit is described.
The Contents shows which table has data on a specific land use for each detailed
soil map unit. Also see the Contents for sections of this publication that may address
your specific needs.
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This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of
the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies
including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural
Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has leadership
for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.
Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 2005. Soil names and
descriptions were approved in 2005. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this
publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 2005. This survey was made
cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Alabama Agricultural
Experiment Station, the Alabama Cooperative Extension System, the Alabama Soil and
Water Conservation Committee, and the Alabama Department of Agriculture and
Industries. The survey is part of the technical assistance furnished to the Crenshaw
County Soil and Water Conservation District.
Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these
maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged,
maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a
larger scale.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs
and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where
applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual
orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an
individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited
bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for
communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should
contact USDA’s TARGET Center at [phone] (voice and TDD). To file a complaint
of discrimination write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence
Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call [phone] (voice) or (202) 720-
6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
Cover: An area of general soil map unit 8, Fuquay-Bonifay-Dothan association. The gently
sloping, sandy and loamy soils of this unit are well suited to cultivated crops, hay, pasture,
and forestland.
Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available online
from the Natural Resources Conservation Service at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.
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Contents
How To Use This Soil Survey......................................................................................i
Contents......................................................................................................................iii
Foreword.....................................................................................................................ix
General Nature of the County...................................................................................... 1
Early History ............................................................................................................ 2
Surface Geology...................................................................................................... 2
Physiography, Relief, and Drainage........................................................................ 4
Climate..................................................................................................................... 6
How This Survey Was Made........................................................................................ 6
General Soil Map Units.............................................................................................. 9
1. Brantley-Sumter-Hannon .................................................................................. 9
2. Mantachie-Kinston-Iuka ...................................................................................11
3. Nankin-Orangeburg-Lucy................................................................................ 13
4. Cowarts-Springhill-Troup................................................................................. 15
5. Orangeburg-Dothan-Springhill........................................................................ 16
6. Orangeburg-Malbis ......................................................................................... 18
7. Luverne-Troup-Smithdale ............................................................................... 19
8. Fuquay-Bonifay-Dothan.................................................................................. 21
9. Troup-Lucy...................................................................................................... 22
10. Compass....................................................................................................... 23
11. Halso-Luverne............................................................................................... 24
12. Arundel-Halso ............................................................................................... 26
Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................................................................... 29
ArC—Arundel fine sandy loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes........................................... 30
ArE—Arundel fine sandy loam, 8 to 35 percent slopes......................................... 33
BbA—Bibb-Iuka complex, 0 to 1 percent slopes, frequently flooded .................... 35
BcB—Blanton loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes ................................................. 38
BcC—Blanton loamy sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes................................................. 40
BfB—Bonifay loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes .................................................. 42
BfC—Bonifay loamy sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes.................................................. 45
BoB—Bonneau loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes............................................... 47
BrC—Brantley sandy loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes................................................. 49
BrE—Brantley sandy loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes............................................. 52
BrF—Brantley sandy loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes............................................. 55
CaA—Casemore loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes, rarely flooded............................... 57
CmB—Compass loamy sand, 1 to 3 percent slopes............................................. 60
CoC—Cowarts sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes................................................ 62
CtE—Cowarts-Troup complex, 8 to 20 percent slopes ......................................... 64
DoA—Dothan sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ................................................. 67
DoB—Dothan sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ................................................. 70
DoC—Dothan sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes ................................................. 73
EuA—Eunola sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded.......................... 75
FaB—Faceville fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ........................................ 77
FlA—Fluvaquents, ponded.................................................................................... 80
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FqB—Fuquay loamy fine sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes........................................... 82
FqC—Fuquay loamy fine sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes .......................................... 84
GrA—Greenville sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ............................................. 86
GrB—Greenville sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ............................................. 88
GsC2—Greenville sandy clay loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes, eroded...................... 91
GtD3—Greenville clay loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes, severely eroded................. 93
HaC2—Halso fine sandy loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes, eroded ............................. 95
HaE2—Halso fine sandy loam, 8 to 20 percent slopes, eroded............................ 98
HsC2—Hannon-Sumter complex, 2 to 8 percent slopes, eroded ....................... 101
ImA—Iuka-Marietta complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded............. 104
LaA—Leeper-Marietta complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded.....106
LcB—Lucy loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes .................................................... 109
LcC—Lucy loamy sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes.....................................................111
LvB—Luverne sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes................................................113
LvC—Luverne sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes................................................116
LvD—Luverne sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes..............................................119
LvE—Luverne sandy loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes........................................... 122
MbB—Malbis fine sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes ......................................... 124
MbC—Malbis fine sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes ......................................... 126
MKA—Mantachie, Kinston, and Iuka soils, 0 to 1 percent slopes, frequently
flooded........................................................................................................... 129
NsE—Nankin-Springhill-Lucy complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes ........................ 132
OrA—Orangeburg sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........................................ 135
OrB—Orangeburg sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ........................................ 137
OrC—Orangeburg sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes........................................ 140
OuC—Orangeburg-Urban land complex, 0 to 8 percent slopes ......................... 142
PoA—Pelham-Ocilla complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded.................. 143
Pt—Pits, borrow................................................................................................... 146
RbA—Rains-Bethera complex, 0 to 1 percent slopes, occasionally flooded ...... 147
ReA—Red Bay fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ......................................151
ReB—Red Bay fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ......................................152
SmD—Smithdale sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes........................................ 154
SpC2—Springhill sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes, eroded .............................157
SpD2—Springhill sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes, eroded ........................... 159
StE2—Sumter-Hannon complex, 12 to 35 percent slopes, eroded..................... 161
TaB—Troup loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes................................................... 165
TaC—Troup loamy sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes ..................................................167
TaD—Troup loamy sand, 8 to 15 percent slopes ................................................ 169
TgD—Troup-Alaga complex, 5 to 15 percent slopes .......................................... 172
ToE—Troup-Lucy-Luverne complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes ............................ 175
TrD—Troup-Luverne complex, 5 to 15 percent slopes........................................ 178
TsE—Troup-Luverne-Smithdale complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes....................182
UdC—Udorthents, gently sloping, smooth .......................................................... 185
UdE—Udorthents, hilly, rough ............................................................................. 186
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Ur—Urban land.................................................................................................... 187
W—Water ............................................................................................................ 188
WmB—Williamsville fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes ......................................... 188
WmC—Williamsville fine sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes ......................................... 191
Prime Farmland...................................................................................................... 195
Use and Management of the Soils........................................................................ 197
Interpretive Ratings ............................................................................................. 197
Rating Class Terms ......................................................................................... 197
Numerical Ratings........................................................................................... 197
Crops and Pasture............................................................................................... 198
Yields per Acre ................................................................................................ 200
Land Capability Classification ......................................................................... 201
Landscaping and Gardening ............................................................................... 202
Forestland Productivity and Management........................................................... 204
Forestland Productivity.................................................................................... 205
Forestland Management ................................................................................. 205
Recreation ........................................................................................................... 207
Wildlife Habitat..................................................................................................... 209
Hydric Soils...........................................................................................................211
Engineering.......................................................................................................... 213
Building Site Development.............................................................................. 214
Sanitary Facilities ............................................................................................ 215
Construction Materials..................................................................................... 217
Water Management......................................................................................... 219
Soil Properties........................................................................................................ 221
Engineering Properties........................................................................................ 221
Physical Soil Properties....................................................................................... 222
Chemical Soil Properties ..................................................................................... 223
Water Features.................................................................................................... 224
Soil Features........................................................................................................ 225
Physical and Chemical Analyses of Selected Soils............................................. 226
Classification of the Soils..................................................................................... 227
Soil Series and Their Morphology............................................................................ 228
Alaga Series ........................................................................................................ 228
Arundel Series..................................................................................................... 229
Bethera Series..................................................................................................... 230
Bibb Series .......................................................................................................... 232
Blanton Series ..................................................................................................... 233
Bonifay Series...................................................................................................... 234
Bonneau Series................................................................................................... 236
Brantley Series .................................................................................................... 238
Casemore Series................................................................................................. 239
Compass Series .................................................................................................. 241
Cowarts Series .................................................................................................... 244
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Dothan Series...................................................................................................... 245
Eunola Series ...................................................................................................... 248
Faceville Series ................................................................................................... 250
Fuquay Series...................................................................................................... 251
Greenville Series ................................................................................................. 254
Halso Series ........................................................................................................ 256
Hannon Series..................................................................................................... 257
Iuka Series........................................................................................................... 259
Kinston Series...................................................................................................... 261
Leeper Series ...................................................................................................... 263
Lucy Series.......................................................................................................... 264
Luverne Series .................................................................................................... 266
Malbis Series....................................................................................................... 268
Mantachie Series................................................................................................. 270
Marietta Series..................................................................................................... 271
Nankin Series ...................................................................................................... 273
Ocilla Series......................................................................................................... 274
Orangeburg Series .............................................................................................. 276
Pelham Series ..................................................................................................... 277
Rains Series ........................................................................................................ 279
Red Bay Series.................................................................................................... 280
Smithdale Series.................................................................................................. 282
Springhill Series................................................................................................... 284
Sumter Series...................................................................................................... 285
Troup Series ........................................................................................................ 287
Williamsville Series.............................................................................................. 289
Formation of the Soils........................................................................................... 293
Factors of Soil Formation .................................................................................... 293
Parent Material................................................................................................ 293
Climate ............................................................................................................ 294
Relief ............................................................................................................... 294
Plants and Animals.......................................................................................... 294
Time................................................................................................................. 295
Processes of Horizon Differentiation................................................................... 295
References.............................................................................................................. 297
Glossary.................................................................................................................. 301
Tables...................................................................................................................... 317
Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation ............................................................ 318
Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall.......................................................... 319
Table 3.—Growing Season.................................................................................. 319
Table 4.—Suitability and Limitations of General Soil Map Units for Specified
Uses .............................................................................................................. 320
Table 5.—Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils...................................322
Table 6.—Land Capability Classes and Yields per Acre of Crops.......................324
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Table 7.—Yields per Acre of Pasture and Hay .................................................... 328
Table 8.—Forestland Productivity........................................................................ 332
Table 9a.—Forestland Management (Part 1) ...................................................... 339
Table 9b.—Forestland Management (Part 2) ...................................................... 346
Table 9c.—Forestland Management (Part 3) ...................................................... 352
Table 9d.—Forestland Management (Part 4) ...................................................... 358
Table 10a.—Recreation (Part 1).......................................................................... 363
Table 10b.—Recreation (Part 2).......................................................................... 371
Table 11.—Wildlife Habitat................................................................................... 378
Table 12a.—Building Sites (Part 1)...................................................................... 384
Table 12b.—Building Sites (Part 2)...................................................................... 391
Table 13a.—Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)............................................................... 399
Table 13b.—Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)............................................................... 408
Table 14a.—Construction Materials (Part 1) ....................................................... 415
Table 14b.—Construction Materials (Part 2) ....................................................... 422
Table 15.—Water Management........................................................................... 431
Table 16.—Engineering Properties...................................................................... 438
Table 17.—Physical Soil Properties..................................................................... 453
Table 18.—Chemical Soil Properties................................................................... 461
Table 19.—Water Features.................................................................................. 469
Table 20.—Soil Features ..................................................................................... 475
Table 21.—Physical Analyses of Selected Soils.................................................. 480
Table 22.—Chemical Analyses of Selected Soils................................................ 481
Table 23.—Taxonomic Classification of the Soils................................................ 482
Issued 2007
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