Soil Science: Fundamentals to Recent Advances PDF
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Amitava Rakshit S. K. Singh P. C. Abhilash Asim Biswas Editors Soil Science: Fundamentals to Recent Advances Soil Science: Fundamentals to Recent Advances (cid:129) (cid:129) Amitava Rakshit S. K. Singh (cid:129) P. C. Abhilash Asim Biswas Editors Soil Science: Fundamentals to Recent Advances Editors AmitavaRakshit S.K.Singh SoilScience&AgriculturalChemistry SoilScience&AgriculturalChemistry BanarasHinduUniversity BanarasHinduUniversity Varanasi,India Varanasi,India P.C.Abhilash AsimBiswas InstituteofEnvironmentalScienceand SchoolofEnvironmentalSciences Sustainability UniversityofGuelph BanarasHinduUniversity Guelph,Ontario,Canada Varanasi,India ISBN978-981-16-0916-9 ISBN978-981-16-0917-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0917-6 #TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSingapore PteLtd.2021 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore To our parents for their unbiased support Preface Humansocietyhasdevelopedthroughutilizationofourplanet’swealthinincredibly exclusive,inventive,andprolificwaysthathaveadvancedhumanadvancementand sustained global societies. Of these resources, soil is the most important economic industrythathasprovidedhumanswiththeabilitytoproducefood,throughagricul- ture, for our sustenance. It also plays an integral role in countless other ecosystem services like water and climate regulation. In exploring the link between soil and agriculture, we have moved through phases like transition from hunter-gatherer to agrariansocieties,majorsoilpropertiesthatcontributetofertility,intensiveagricul- tureimpactonsoildegradation,andthebasicconceptsofsustainableagricultureand soil management. All through human history, our association with the soil has affected our aptitude to cultivate crops and influenced the accomplishment of civilizations. This rapport between humans, the earth, and food sources affirms soil as the foundation of agriculture. Soils are important for human health in a numberofways.Approximately80%oftheaveragepercapitacalorieconsumption worldwidecomesfromcropsgrowndirectlyinsoil,andanothernearly20%comes fromterrestrialfoodsourcesthatrelyindirectlyonsoil.Soilsarealsoamajorsource of nutrients, and they act as natural filters to remove contaminants from water. However, soils may contain heavy metals, chemicals, or pathogens that have the potentialtonegativelyimpacthumanhealth.Inthepresentcontext,soilsciencehas toplayamoreseriousroletoitsstakeholdersintimestocome.Itishightimetoget rid of over-generalizing recommendations beyond the conditions for which they were developed. There is an urgent need to communicate the risks inherent in the recommendationsandfinallyfindingsneedtobetranslatedintoeconomictermsso thatfarmersandpolicy-makerscanworkwiththem. Varanasi,India AmitavaRakshit Varanasi,India S.K.Singh Varanasi,India P.C.Abhilash Guelph,ON,Canada AsimBiswas vii Contents PartI GeneralConceptsandDevelopment 1 ManagingSoilResourcesforHumanHealthand EnvironmentalSustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 SheikhAdilEdrisi,AmitavaRakshit,PradeepK.Dubey, P.C.Abhilash,S.K.Singh,AshokK.Patra,andHimanshuPathak 2 SoilOrganicCarbonDynamics,Stabilization, andEnvironmentalImplication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 M.C.MannaandAvijitGhosh 3 SoilOrganicCarbon:Past,Present,andFutureResearch. . . . . . . 35 EmmaChappell,TahmidHuqEasher,DanielSaurette, andAsimBiswas 4 BelowgroundCarbonStorageandDynamics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 AbirDey,AvijitGhosh,ShrilaDas,RanjanBhattacharyya, andPritiTigga 5 SoilBiodiversityandCommunityCompositionforEcosystem Services. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . 69 RameshChandra 6 Rhizodeposition:AnUnseenTeaserofNatureandIts ProspectsinNutrientsDynamics.. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . 85 AbhikPatra,VinodKumarSharma,ArghyaChattopadhyay, KiranKumarMohapatra,andAmitavaRakshit 7 SoilIndicatorsandManagementStrategiesforEnvironmental Sustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 RajanGhimire,VeshR.Thapa,PramodAcharya,JunWang, andUpendraM.Sainju 8 ConservationAgricultureinReshapingBelowgroundMicrobial Diversity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 PujaSingh,SiddharthaMukherjee,NiharenduSaha,SunandaBiswas, andBiswapatiMandal iixx x Contents 9 SalineandSodicEcosystemsintheChangingWorld. . . . . . . . . . . 175 ArvindKumarRai,NirmalenduBasak,andParulSundha 10 ApproachesinAdvancedSoilElementalExtractability: CatapultingFutureSoil–PlantNutritionResearch. . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 ShubhadipDasgupta,SudipSengupta,SushantaSaha,AbhijitSarkar, andKrishnaChaitanyaAnantha 11 RoleofBiocharonGreenhouseGasEmissionsandCarbon SequestrationinSoil:OpportunitiesforMitigatingClimate Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 T.J.Purakayastha,DebaratiBhaduri,andPoojaSingh 12 BiocharRoleinMitigationofGreenhouseGasEmissions fromAgriculturalSoils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 WaqarAshiqandAsimBiswas 13 NanotechnologyforNativeNutrientMobilization andEnhancedUseEfficiency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 J.C.Tarafdar 14 NanotechnologyinEnvironmentalSoilScience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 TapanAdhikari 15 ImportanceofSoilHeterogeneityStudyinVarietyTesting Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 RahulRaman 16 EnvironmentalandSocietalImplicationsofSoilResponse toIncreasingAgriculturalDemands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 SpencerSwan,NicholasHitsman,andAsimBiswas PartII RecentScientificAdvancesCoveringBroaderAspect ofNaturalResourceManagement 17 Soil-CentricApproachesTowardsClimate-Resilient Agriculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 BiswajitPramanick,MukeshKumar,SantoshKumarSingh, KumariSapna,andSagarMaitra 18 FunctionalDiversityManagementthroughMicrobialIntegrity forSustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 G.ChethanKumar,DebashisDutta,JairamChaudhary, andAmritLalMeena 19 TheEffectofCropsandFarmingSystemsonSoilQuality: ACaseStudy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 AnupamDas,DebashisDutta,andA.S.Panwar 20 LiquidBiofertilizer:APotentialToolTowardsSustainable Agriculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 VijaySinghMeena,H.P.Parewa,B.Jeevan,SunitaKumariMeena, andH.N.Meena Contents xi 21 EmploymentofSeedPrimingasaSalt-StressMitigatingApproach inAgriculture:ChallengesandOpportunities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 AbdulMajeed,ZahirMuhammad,andSairaSiyyar 22 MicrobialApproachesforBio-AmeliorationandManagement ofSaltAffectedSoils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 SanjayArora 23 RoleofZeolitesinImprovingNutrientandWaterStorageCapacity ofSoilandTheirImpactonOverallSoilQualityandCrop Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 V.GirijaVeni,K.SammiReddy,K.L.Sharma,K.SreedeviShankar, andJagritiRohit 24 SulfurinSoil:AbioticStressSignaling,Transmission andInducedPhysiologicalResponsesinPlants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 MalayKumarAdak,IndraneelSaha,DebabrataDolui, andSubhasChandraDebnath 25 ReducingMethaneEmissionfromLowlandRiceEcosystem. . .. . . 493 DibyenduChatterjee,SauravSaha,AbhijitPradhan, ChinmayaKumarSwain,E.Venkatramaiah,AmareshKumarNayak, andHimanshuPathak 26 PotentialandRiskofNanotechnologyApplicationinAgriculture vis-à-visNanomicronutrientFertilizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 S.K.Singh,AbhikPatra,YuktiVerma,ArghyaChattopadhyay, AmitavaRakshit,andSureshKumar 27 IntroductiontoDroneTechnologyforNaturalResource ManagementinAgriculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553 AmreshChaudhary,RamNarayanSingh,VikasKumarRai, SaurabhKumarDubey,andKavitaKumari 28 High-ThroughputEstimationofSoilNutrientandResidue Cover:AStepTowardsPrecisionAgriculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581 SayantanSarkar PartIII GlobalPerspectives 29 GlobalDevelopmentinSoilScienceResearch:Agriculture SensorsandTechnologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599 ReemZeitoun,HibaChaudhry,HiteshkumarBhogilalVasava, andAsimBiswas 30 SoilScienceResearchandDevelopmentinLatinAmerica andtheCaribbean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613 FernandoMontaño-Lopez,MarioGuevara,andAsimBiswas xii Contents 31 TheFrontiersinSoilScienceResearch:AnAfricanPerspective. . . 623 TegbaruB.Gobezie,ErmiasAynekulu,andAsimBiswas 32 ImprovementofSoilQualitybySolidWasteRecycling:AGlobal Perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637 ShrilaDas,AmitKumarPradhan,KasturikasenBeura,RumaDas, andRenuSingh 33 NutrientSufficiencyRangeofSoilsandPlantsinSingapore. . . . . . 669 VarughesePhilip,EdgarRaebenGeorge,SubhadipGhosh, andMeiLaiYap 34 CalcareousOoliticLimestoneRocklandSoilsoftheBahamas: SomePhysical,Chemical,andFertilityCharacteristics. . . . . . . . . . 683 RobertW.TaylorandLucyW.Ngatia 35 ConsequencesofAnthropogenicDisturbanceonVariation ofSoilPropertiesandFoodSecurity:AnAsianStory. . . . . . . . . . . 693 NandiniRoy,AjayKumar,SoumojitMajumder, andPrithusayakMondal PartIV CaseStudiesonVariousStatusandPracticesofSoil Management:IndianStory 36 NaturalResourceManagementandConservationforSmallholder FarminginIndia:StrategiesandChallenges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731 DibyenduMukhopadhyayandPrincyThakur 37 SoilandWaterManagementinIndia:Challenges andOpportunities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 S.K.Chaudhari 38 IndianFertiliserPolicy:RetrospectandProspect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765 K.V.Praveen 39 Long-TermFertilizerExperimentsinIndia:Achievements andIssuesforFutureResearch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781 MuneshwarSingh,R.H.Wanjari,andUttamKumar 40 MicronutrientDeficiencyStressinSoilsofIndia:Tackling ittoAlleviateHiddenHunger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801 MahaswetaChakraborty,DebasishChakraborty,PrithusayakMondal, andRanjanPaul 41 PesticidePollutioninSoilsandSedimentinIndia:Status, ImpactandCountermeasures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823 AjoySaha,RakeshKumarGhosh,andDebaratiBhaduri 42 Climate-SmartSoilManagement:ProspectandChallenges inIndianScenario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875 AritraKumarMukherjeeandKaushikBatabyal
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