Sociology of the European Union PDF
Preview Sociology of the European Union
Sociology of the European Union Edited by Adrian Favell and Virginie Guiraudon Sociology of the European Union Also by Adrian Favell PHILOSOPHIES OF INTEGRATION EUROSTARS AND EUROCITIES Also by Virginia Guiraudon IMMIGRATION POLITICS IN EUROPE: The Politics of Control Sociology of the European Union Edited by Adrian Favell Professor of European and International Studies, Aarhus University, Denmark and Virginie Guiraudon Research Professor at the National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), University of Lille, France Selection and editorial matter © Adrian Favell and Virginie Guiraudon 2011 Introduction and chapters (in order) © Adrian Favell and Virginie Guiraudon; Juan Díez Medrano;Adrian Favell and Ettore Recchi;Alberta Andreotti and Patrick Le Galès;Neil Fligstein;Virginie Guiraudon;Niilo Kauppi;Frédéric Mérand; Hans-Jörg Trenz 2011 Postscript © George Ross 2011 All rights reserved.No reproduction,copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced,copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988,or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House,6–10 Kirby Street,London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2011 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England,company number 785998,of Houndmills,Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue,New York,NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom,Europe and other countries ISBN 978–0–230–20711–0hardback ISBN 978–0–230–20712–7paperback This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources.Logging,pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 Printed in China Contents Analytical Contents vii List of Figures and Tables x Notes on the Contributors xi Acknowledgements xiii 1 Sociology of the European Union: An Introduction 1 Adrian Favell and Virginie Guiraudon PART I: SOCIAL FOUNDATIONS 25 2 Social Class and Identity 28 Juan Díez Medrano 3 Social Mobility and Spatial Mobility 50 Adrian Favell and Ettore Recchi 4 Elites, Middle Classes and Cities 76 Alberta Andreotti and Patrick Le Galès 5 Markets and Firms 100 Neil Fligstein PART II: POLITICS AND POLICIES 125 6 Mobilization, Social Movements and the Media 128 Virginie Guiraudon 7 EU Politics 150 Niilo Kauppi 8 EU Policies 172 Frédéric Mérand v vi CONTENTS 9 Social Theory and European Integration 193 Hans-Jörg Trenz Postscript 215 George Ross Bibliography 225 Index 257 Analytical Contents 1 Sociology of the European Union: An Introduction 1 Adrian Favell and Virginie Guiraudon Sociological approaches in EU studies from neo-functionalism to social constructivism 4 Comparative sociologies of Europe 11 The political sociology of EU politics 18 How to do a sociology of the European Union 23 PART I:SOCIAL FOUNDATIONS 25 2 Social Class and Identity 28 Juan Díez Medrano Social groups and classes in the sociology of Europe 29 Class, social structure and Europeanization 30 Europeanization or European social classes? 32 Identity 35 Social ties 37 Mobilization 40 Why is there no European society (yet)? 42 Social transactions 42 Socialization 43 Security 45 The enduring salience of the national 46 Conclusion: the prospect for European classes 48 3 Social Mobility and Spatial Mobility 50 Adrian Favell and Ettore Recchi Social and spatial mobility in Europe 52 Mobility and immobility in Western societies 52 Analyzing social mobility data 54 The problem of methodological nationalism 57 Hypotheses about social and spatial mobility in Europe 60 Operationalization 1: a quantitative approach 61 Operationalization 2: a qualitative approach 65 Conclusion: a European field of mobility 73 vii viii CONTENTS 4 Elites, Middle Classes and Cities 76 Alberta Andreotti and Patrick Le Galès Social theory, nation building and globalization 78 Between rootedness in urban life and international mobility: the dynamics of middle-class formation 82 Operationalization: a comparison of upper-middle classes in European cities 86 Social categories and selection of interviewees 86 Selection of cities and local contexts 88 Construction of questionnaire 89 Mobile but rooted: the upper-middle classes as part of a virtual global society 92 Transnational networks 93 Geographical mobility 94 Practices 96 Feeling of belonging to Europe 97 Conclusion 98 5 Markets and Firms 100 Neil Fligstein Economic sociology and the study of integrated market economies 102 Globalization or Europeanization? 107 A case study: the telecommunications industry 113 Costs and benefits of Europeanization 120 Conclusion: economic sociology and EU studies 123 PART II:POLITICS AND POLICIES 125 6 Mobilization, Social Movements and the Media 128 Virginie Guiraudon European mobilizations: symptom or cause of European integration? 132 From theory to research design: studying EU-related contention 135 A mixed method approach to studying mobilization: the politics of immigration, race and gender in comparative perspective 139 Operationalization 1: a quantitative analysis of claims-making 139 Operationalization 2: a qualitative study of EU immigration and race politics 142 Operationalization 3: bringing in gender politics as a comparativecontrol case 145 Conclusion 147 7 EU Politics 150 Niilo Kauppi Fields and power 151 Roles and resources 154 Contents ix Advantages of the sociological approach 157 The Strasbourg school 160 Social practices in the European Parliament 163 Conclusion 169 8 EU Policies 172 Frédéric Mérand Political science approaches to EU policies 173 EU policy-making: a sociological approach 177 Social fields 177 Social representations 179 Bricolage as practice 182 The case of European defence policy 185 Going beyond common sense 186 Constructing the research object 187 Taking practices seriously 188 Keeping a critical perspective 191 Conclusion 191 9 Social Theory and European Integration 193 Hans-Jörg Trenz Weberian approaches in the study of the European Union 194 Durkheimian approaches in the study of the European Union 195 Contemporary social theory and European integration 200 Integration as macro-structural transformation 202 Integration as micro-structural transformation 206 Integration as meso-structural transformation 208 Conclusion 212 Postscript: Arriving Late at the EU Studies Ball – Dilemmas, Prospects and Strategies for a Sociology of the European Union 215 George Ross
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