Sociology in modules

561 Pages·2015·105.787 MB·English

by  Richard T. Schaefer

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sociology
modules
in
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sociology
modules
in
third edition
Richard T. Schaefer
D E PA U L U N I V E R S I T Y
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Rev. Confirming Pages
SOCIOLOGY IN MODULES, THIRD EDITION
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Schaefer, Richard T.
Sociology in modules / Richard T. Schaefer, DePaul University.—Third edition.
pages cm
ISBN 978-0-07-802708-6 (alk. paper) 1. Sociology. I. Title.
HM585.S3243 2015
301—dc23
2014035252
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website does dedication
not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-Hill Education does not
guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
To my grandchildren,
Tillie and Reuben. May
they enjoy exploring
life’s possibilities.
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about the author
Richard T. Schaefer: Professor, DePaul University
BA Northwestern University; MA, PhD University of Chicago
Growing up in Chicago at a time when neighborhoods were going through
transitions in ethnic and racial composition, Richard T. Schaefer found himself
increasingly intrigued by what was happening, how people were reacting, and
how these changes were affecting neighborhoods and people’s jobs. His interest
in social issues caused him to gravitate to sociology courses at Northwestern
University, where he eventually received a BA in sociology.
“ Originally as an undergraduate I thought I would go on to law school and
become a lawyer. But after taking a few sociology courses, I found myself want-
ing to learn more about what sociologists studied, and fascinated by the kinds of
questions they raised.” This fascination led him to obtain his MA and PhD in soci-
ology from the University of Chicago. Dr. Schaefer’s continuing interest in race
relations led him to write his master’s thesis on the membership of the Ku Klux
Klan and his doctoral thesis on racial prejudice and race relations in Great Britain.
Dr. Schaefer went on to become a professor of sociology at DePaul University in Chicago.
In 2004 he was named to the Vincent DePaul professorship in recognition of his undergraduate
teaching and scholarship. He has taught introductory sociology for over 35 years to students in
colleges, adult education programs, nursing programs, and even a maximum-security prison.
Dr. Schaefer’s love of teaching is apparent in his interaction with his students. “I find myself
constantly learning from the students who are in my classes and from reading what they write.
Their insights into the material we read or current events that we discuss often become part of
future course material and sometimes even find their way into my writing.”
D r. Schaefer is the author of the thirteenth edition of Sociology (McGraw-Hill, 2012), S oci-
ology: A Brief Introduction, 11th edition (McGraw-Hill, 2015), and the sixth edition of S ociology
Matters (McGraw-Hill, 2014). He is also the author of R acial and Ethnic Groups, now in its
fourteenth edition (2014), Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the USA (first edition, 2014), and R ace
and Ethnicity in the United States, seventh edition (2013), all published by Pearson. Together
with William Zellner, he coauthored the ninth edition of E xtraordinary Groups, published by
Worth in 2011. Dr. Schaefer served as the general editor of the three-volume E ncyclopedia of
Race, Ethnicity, and Society, published by Sage in 2008. These books have been translated into
Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese, and Spanish, as well as adapted for use in Canadian colleges.
D r. Schaefer’s articles and book reviews have appeared in many journals, including A mer-
ican Journal of Sociology; Phylon: A Review of Race and Culture; Contemporary Sociology;
Sociology and Social Research; Sociological Quarterly; and T eaching Sociology. He served as
president of the Midwest Sociological Society in 1994–1995.
D r. Schaefer’s advice to students is to “look at the material and make connections to your
own life and experiences. Sociology will make you a more attentive observer of how people in
groups interact and function. It will also make you more aware of people’s different needs and
interests—and perhaps more ready to work for the common good, while still recognizing the
individuality of each person.”
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brief contents
Chapter-Opening Excerpts xvi | Boxed Features xvi | Social Policy Sections xviii | Maps xviii | Tracking Sociological Perspectives Tables xix |
Summing Up Tables xix | Preface xx
1 Understanding Sociology 1 7 Deviance, Crime, and Social 41 Alternatives to Traditional
Families 314
1 What Is Sociology? 3 Control 150
42 Human Sexuality 316
2 The Development of 23 Social Control 152
Sociology 8 24 What Is Deviance? 158 1 4 Education 324
3 Major Theoretical 25 Crime 166
43 Sociological Perspectives
Perspectives 13
on Education 326
4 Taking Sociology with 8 Stratification and Social
44 Schools as Formal
You 19 Mobility in the United
Organizations 334
States 177
2 Sociological Research 2 7
26 Systems of Stratification 179 1 5 Religion 344
5 What Is the Scientific
27 Stratification by Social 45 The Sociological Approach
Method? 29
Class 188 to Religion 346
6 Major Research
28 Poverty and Social 46 World Religions 351
Designs 34
Mobility 192 47 Religious Organization 355
7 Ethics of Research 40
8 Developments of 9 Global Inequality 205 1 6 Government and the
Methodology 43
29 Stratification in the World Economy 363
System 207
3 Culture 53 48 Government, Power,
30 Stratification within Nations: and Authority 365
9 What Is Culture? 55 A Comparative
49 Political Behavior and
10 Elements of Culture 58 Perspective 217
Power in the United
1 1 Development of Culture
States 372
around the World 66 1 0 Racial and Ethnic
50 Economic Systems 378
12 Cultural Variation 69 Inequality 225
51 Changing Economies 382
31 Minority, Racial, and Ethnic
4 Socialization and the Life Groups 227 1 7 Health, Population, and
Course 76 32 Sociological Perspectives on Environment 391
13 The Role of Socialization 78 Race and Ethnicity 237
52 Sociological Perspectives on
14 The Self and Socialization 33 Race and Ethnicity in the Health and Illness 393
through the Life Course 82 United States 242
53 Social Epidemiology and
15 Agents of Socialization 87 Health Care in the United
1 1 Stratification by Gender 2 57 States 398
5 Social Interaction, Social 34 Social Construction 54 What Is Mental Illness? 405
Structure, and Groups 9 7 of Gender 259 55 Population 408
16 Social Interaction and Social 35 Women: The Oppressed 56 Sociological Perspectives on
Structure 99 Majority 267 the Environment 417
17 Social Structure in Global
Perspective 107 1 2 Stratification by Age 279 1 8 Social Movements and
18 Understanding Groups 112 36 Aging and Society 281 Social Change in the Global
19 Understanding 37 Aging Worldwide 284 Community 427
Organizations 115 38 Age Stratification in the 57 Collective Behavior 429
United States 290 58 Social Movements 438
6 The Mass Media 125
59 Social Change 444
20 Sociological Perspectives 1 3 The Family and Human 60 Global Social Change 448
on the Media 127 Sexuality 298
21 The Audience 140 39 Global View of the Glossary 460 | References 468 |
22 The Media’s Global Family 300 Acknowledgments 498 | Photo Credits 500 |
Reach 142 40 Marriage and Family 306 Name Index 502 | Subject Index 511
ix
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