Sociocultural Issues in Psychiatry: A Casebook and Curriculum PDF
Preview Sociocultural Issues in Psychiatry: A Casebook and Curriculum
Sociocultural Issues in Psychiatry Sociocultural Issues in Psychiatry A Casebook and Curriculum EDITED BY NHI- HA T. TRINH AND JUSTIN A. CHEN 1 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Oxford University Press 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Trinh, Nhi-Ha, editor. | Chen, Justin A., editor. Title: Sociocultural issues in psychiatry : a casebook and curriculum / [edited by] Nhi-Ha T. Trinh, Justin A. Chen. Description: Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018028701 | ISBN 9780190849986 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: | MESH: Community Psychiatry | Ethnopsychology | Sociological Factors | Models, Psychological | Professional-Patient Relations Classification: LCC RC455 | NLM WM 31 | DDC 616.89—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018028701 This material is not intended to be, and should not be considered, a substitute for medical or other professional advice. Treatment for the conditions described in this material is highly dependent on the individual circumstances. And, while this material is designed to offer accurate information with respect to the subject matter covered and to be current as of the time it was written, research and knowledge about medical and health issues is constantly evolving and dose schedules for medications are being revised continually, with new side effects recognized and accounted for regularly. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulation. The publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties to readers, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of this material. Without limiting the foregoing, the publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties as to the accuracy or efficacy of the drug dosages mentioned in the material. The authors and the publisher do not accept, and expressly disclaim, any responsibility for any liability, loss or risk that may be claimed or incurred as a consequence of the use and/or application of any of the contents of this material. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed by WebCom, Inc., Canada CONTENTS Foreword vii Contributors ix 1. Introduction to Sociocultural Psychiatry 1 Nhi- Ha T. Trinh, Chun-Yi Joey Cheung, and Justin A. Chen 2. Culture as a Multidimensional Construct 13 Anne Emmerich and Leslie Tarver 3. Culture in the DSM- 5 37 Nhi- Ha T. Trinh, Maya Son, and Justin A. Chen 4. Global Psychiatric Epidemiology 51 Maria C. Prom and Alexander C. Tsai 5. Social Determinants of Psychiatric Illness 69 Kristen Nishimi, Esther Howe, and Erin C. Dunn 6. Psychiatry and Its Checkered Past: Perspectives on Current Practice 87 Judith Puckett and David Shumway Jones 7. Minority Stress Theory and Internalized Prejudice: Links to Clinical Psychiatric Practice 103 Christine Crawford, Lisa Sangermano, and Nhi- Ha T. Trinh 8. Identifying and Working with Diverse Explanatory Models of Mental Illness 127 Tony B. Benning and Justin A. Chen 9. Religion and Spirituality in Psychiatric Care: An Experiential Seminar Model Addressing Barriers to Discussing Religion and Spirituality 145 Siobhan M. O’Neill, Jiaying Ding, and Gowri G. Aragam 10. Gender and Sexuality: Shame and Safety in the Psychiatric Encounter 165 Andrew Cruz, Julianne Torrence, and Christopher M. Palmer 11. Implicit Bias in Mental Health Care 185 Andrea S. Heberlein, Justin A. Chen, and Nhi- Ha T. Trinh vi Contents 12. Responding to Patients’ Provider Preferences 203 Kimberly L. Reynolds, Kira Knight Rodriguez, Loucresie Rupert, and Michaela Owusu 13. Navigating Cultural Challenges in Patient– Clinician Dyads 227 Josepha A. Immanuel, Chun-Yi Joey Cheung, and Nhi- Ha T. Trinh 14. Teaching Sociocultural Psychiatry Throughout the Lifespan 245 Priya Sehgal, Maya Nauphal, and Justin A. Chen About the Editors 261 Index 263 FOREWORD The American Psychiatric Association (APA) has four strategic priorities: advancing psychiatry, supporting research, educating about mental disorders, and supporting and increasing diversity. While diversity stands as a separate pillar, it is also a common thread across all the priorities, especially education. Since its inception in 1974, APA’s Division of Diversity and Health Equity has primarily focused on developing and educating a culturally competent workforce to meet the needs of minority and underserved populations. As early as 1969, APA’s official policies included the “Position Statement on the Delineation of Transcultural Psychiatry as a Specialized Field of Study,” and in 2013, APA’s Board of Trustees reaffirmed the 1969 policy regarding the importance of cultural teaching with its “Position Statement on Cultural Psychiatry as a Specific Field of Study Relevant to the Assessment and Care of All Patients.” Through many policies, strategies, and bylaws, the world’s largest psychiatric organization executes its mission of providing cultural education to its 38,000 members. In their textbook, Drs. Nhi- Ha Trinh and Justin Chen spotlight the importance and challenges of teaching cultural and social issues in medicine today. As the U.S. pop- ulation continues to become more culturally diverse, “cultural psychiatry” will soon be synonymous with “U.S. psychiatry.” Additionally, these ethnographic changes add complexity and numbers to people at the intersection of minority statuses or who have multiple social identities. This textbook demonstrates that mental health providers can no longer under- stand culture as a unidimensional construct. Similarly, the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) deepens our understanding of cultural psychiatry. DSM- 5 provides greater utility than its predecessors by introducing a focus on cultural concepts of distress. Today’s generation of educators and mental health providers are required to be lifelong learners. They must commit to understanding many evolving areas rele- vant to cultural psychiatry, including social determinants of mental health, struc- tural competency, cultural humility, minority stress theory, implicit bias, religion and sexuality, and the impact of patient–p hysician concordance. Sociocultural Issues in Psychiatry is timely for the well-p repared psychiatrist of today who is, at the same time, both culturally competent and curious. Ranna Parekh, MD, MPH Deputy Medical Director Director, Diversity and Health Equity American Psychiatric Association CONTRIBUTORS Gowri G. Aragam, MD Christine Crawford, MD, MPH Resident, Adult Psychiatry Fellow, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Adult Psychiatry Residency Training Division of Child and Adolescent Program Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital/ Department of Psychiatry McLean Hospital (MGH/ McLean) Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts Tony B. Benning, MBChB, Andrew Cruz, MD MSC, PGDIP, MRCPsych (UK), Resident, Adult Psychiatry FRCPC, PhD Adult Psychiatry Residency Training Clinical Instructor in Psychiatry Program Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts General Hospital/ British Columbia McLean Hospital (MGH/ McLean) Consultant Psychiatrist Boston, Massachusetts Maple Ridge Mental Health Center and Ridge Meadows Hospital Jiaying Ding, MDiv Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Graduate Student Harvard Divinity School Justin A. Chen, MD, MPH Cambridge, Massachusetts Assistant Professor of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Erin C. Dunn, ScD, MPH Medical Director, Ambulatory Assistant Professor of Psychiatry Psychiatry Services Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Boston, Massachusetts Genetics Unit Center for Genomic Medicine Chun-Yi Joey Cheung, BS Massachusetts General Hospital Research Coordinator Boston, Massachusetts Depression Clinical and Research Program Anne Emmerich, MD Department of Psychiatry Instructor of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts
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