socio-economic adjustment of retired civil servants in kwara and lagos states, nigeria

222 Pages·2017·2.48 MB·English

by  Adetunde Christiana

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT OF RETIRED CIVIL SERVANTS IN
KWARA AND LAGOS STATES, NIGERIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

BY

ADETUNDE, CHRISTIANA OLUFUNKE
MATRICULATION NUMBER: 14PBG00877

JULY, 2017
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT OF RETIRED CIVIL SERVANTS IN KWARA
AND LAGOS STATES, NIGERIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

By

ADETUNDE, CHRISTIANA OLUFUNKE
B.Sc Sociology (Zaria)
M.Sc Ind. Relations and HRM (Ago-Iwoye)
Matriculation Number: 14PBG00877

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY, COLLEGE OF
BUSINESS AND SOCAL SCIENCES, COVENANT UNIVERSITY, OTA, IN
PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
Ph.D.DEGREE IN SOCIOLOGY

JULY, 2017
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DECLARATION
I, ADETUNDE, CHRISTIANA OLUFUNKE, (14PBG00877) declare that this research was carried
out by me under the supervision of Professor C. Nana Derby of the Department of Sociology and
Criminal Justice, Virginia State University, Virginia, USA and Dr. David Imhonopi of the Department
of Sociology, Covenant University, Ota. I attest that the thesis has not been presented either wholly or
partly for the award of any degree elsewhere. All sources of data and scholarly information used in
this thesis are duly acknowledged.

ADETUNDE, CHRISTIANA OLUFUNKE ………………………...
Signature and Date

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CERTIFICATION
We certify that the thesis titled “Socio-economic Adjustment of Retired Civil Servants in Kwara
and Lagos States, Nigeria: A Qualitative Study” is an original work carried out by
ADETUNDE,CHRISTIANA OLUFUNKE,(14PBG00877), in the Department of Sociology,
College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, under the
supervision of Professor C. Nana Derby and Dr. David Imhonopi. We have examined and found
the work acceptable for the award of a degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology.

Professor C. Nana Derby ………………………………….
(Supervisor) Signature and Date

Dr. David Imhonopi …………………………………..
(Co-Supervisor) Signature and Date

Professor Patrick A. Edewor …………………………………...
(Head of Department) Signature and Date

Professor Emeka E. Okafor ……………………………………
(External Examiner) Signature and Date

Professor Samuel T.Wara ……………………………………
(Dean, School of Postgraduate Studies) Signature and Date

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DEDICATION

To the Trinity, You have been my Father, Brother, and Companion. I dedicate this work for making
my life so beautiful after the storms. I am grateful and forever indebted to You.
I dedicate this work to my husband, Sunday Adetunde, a man of rare and great character. To my
loving children, Blessing and Moses, I devote this work; they are wonderful in their love for me and
concerns for my deadlines.
I also dedicate this to my parents, Mr. Stephen Olatunji Oni and Mrs. Florence Funso Oni for being
loving and showing great sense of responsibility, throughout my dependent years. I appreciate you.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I give God the glory for His love, mercy, assistance, provision and victories that I have enjoyed from
birth. Thank you so much, Abba Father!
I appreciate the Chancellor of this great Institution, Dr. David OlaniyiOyedepo, for releasing himself
to be used to achieve the feats the Institution is known for. Your strength will not diminish in Jesus
name. I also use this medium to appreciate my supervisor, Prof. C. Nana Derby, a scholar of repute,
ever ready and willing to offer assistance, advice, and encouragement to all she comes across.
Distance was not a divide in the course of my work as you replied all my mails promptly in spite of
your busy schedule. God cannot forget your labour of love. In the same vein, I appreciate my co-
supervisor, Dr. David Imhonopi, for his scholarly advice throughout the course of this work. Thank
you, sir, for your immense contributions to this work, which included correcting my work and proof
reading it. God bless the works of your hands.
To my Head of Department, a father to many including me, Prof. Patrick A. Edewor, I simply say
thank you for standing by me, believing in me, and giving me the needed advice towards the timely
completion of my Doctoral degree. God bless you, Sir. I appreciate Dr. Charles TundeIrounagbe for
his scholarly advice. Dr. IdowuChiazor, you are a true mother. Thank you for everything. To Dr.
Tayo Ola George, Dr. Mathew Egharevba, Dr. Anthony Onwunma, Dr. Frederick OlusolaAhmadu,
Dr. AjibadeJegede, Dr. Barnabas Suleiman, Dr. Mercy I. Ozoya and Mrs. TolulopeAllo, I say a big
thank you for your supports at different times during my study at Covenant University. Mrs.
‘KemiOlowolafe and Mrs. ‘Lara Adewumi are my sisters who have helped me enormously at different
times in the course of my study at Covenant University. I appreciate you. KemiIjagbemiKodita and
DapoAjayi, my classmates and friends, I say thank you for being there for me. God bless the works of
your hands.
My husband gave me full support, both financially and morally, throughout my postgraduate studies. I
am ever grateful to God for giving you to me, and I thank you for giving me so much peace of mind in
our union. I love you dearly and appreciate your faithful love. God bless and keep you for me in
Jesus name. My lovely children, Blessing and Moses, showed me much love and understanding
throughout the course of my postgraduate studies. Thanks for understanding mummy’s schedules. Of
course, you know I love you. God will keep you in His love in Jesus name. I appreciate my parents
for their selfless love and service to us, their children and every child that lived with them in our
dependent years. I thank my dad for his great sense of responsibility throughout my childhood years.
He laid a solid spiritual and educational foundation for his children and others who lived in his
household. Daddy, I love your spirit and I am very proud of you. Thank you mummy for caring for
your grandchildren, Blessing and Moses, during my Masters studies when they were toddlers. Such
service of love is difficult to forget.
I cannot forget my caring siblings:OlubukolaAyeni, Oluleye Oni, Oluwawemimo and Oluwole Oni.
You know I love you; thanks for loving and standing by me. I also appreciate Deaconess Mary
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Oguntimehin for her love and persistent prayers. Pastor (Mrs.) Esther-Mary Olabiyi has been
absolutely selfless in her care towards me. Pastor Dominic Sebastian, my brother and his wife, Tonia,
have shown me much love and spiritual support. I also thank Mrs. FolashadeTiamiyu, Mrs.
OlubunmiOsarumwense, Mrs. OlabowaleEkundayo, and Assistant Pastor (Mrs.) FolashadeAdelekan;
they are my co-labourers in the Lord. Finally, I thank The Redeemed Christian Church of God, Peace
Zonal choir, Lagos Province 10. Thank you for holding the fort during my frequent travels.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

Contents Pages
Title Page
Cover Page…………………………………………………………………………………. ii
Acceptance………………………………………………………………………………..... iii
Declaration………………………………………………………………………………..... iv
Certification………………………………………………………………………………… v
Dedication………………………………………………………………………………….. vi
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………....... vii
Table of Content…………………………………………………………………………… viii
List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………..... xiii
List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………… xiv
Appendices……………………………………………………………………………….... xv
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………….…. xvi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study………………………………………………………………. 1
1.2 Statement of the problem…………………………………………………………….... 3
1.3 Research questions……………………………………………………………………. 6
1.4 Aim and objectives of the study………………………………………………………. 6
1.5 Significance of the study…………………………………………………………….... 7
1.6 The scope of the study………………………………………………………………… 8
1.7 Operational definition of terms………………………………………………………… 8

CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1.1 History of retirement………………………………………………………….... 10
2.1.2 The concept of retirement………………………………………………………. 11
2.1.3 Characteristics of retirement……………………………………………………. 13
2.1.4 Types of retirement……………………………………………………………... 13
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2.1.5 Reasons for retirement…………………………………………………………. 14
2.1.6 Factors that influence fulfilling retirement……………………………………... 17
2.1.7 Retirement in the United States of America……………………………………. 19
2.1.8 Social security benefits in America…………………………………………….. 20
2.1.9 Insurance for disability in America…………………………………………….. 21
2.1.10 Channeling a new course for retirement in the West………………………….. 21
2.1.11 Retirement re-conceptualised…………………………………………………. 23
2.1.12 Retirement and pension schemes in Ghana…………………………………… 23
2.1.13 Retirement in Nigeria…………………………………………………………. 26
2.1.14 Employees’ perception of retirement in Nigeria…………………………….... 27
2.1.15 Problems facing retirees in Nigeria…………………………………………… 27
2.1.16 Pension Administration in Nigeria……………………………………………. 29
2.1.17 The pension reform Act of 2004……………………………………………… 31
2.1.18 The amended pension Act of 2014……………………………………………. 32
2.1 19 Rationale for planning for retirement…………………………………………. 33
2.1.20 Planning for retirement in Nigeria…………………………………………….. 35
2.1.21 Advantages of pre and post-retirement planning……………………………… 37
2.1.22 Sources of pre and post-retirement planning………………………………….. 37
2.1.23 Women and retirement………………………………………………………… 38
2.2 Theoretical framework……………………………………………………………….. 41
2.2.1 Activity theory………………………………………………………………….. 41
2.2.2 Conservation of resources theory………………………………………………. 43
2.2.3 Multiple modes of livelihood theory…………………………………………… 45
2.2.4 Point of congruence among the theories……………………………………….. 48

CHAPTER THREE:METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design………………………………………………………………………. 49
3.2 Kwara State…………………………………………………………………………… 50
3.3 Lagos State…………………………………………………………………………… 53
3.4 The study areas in Kwara State………………………………………………………. 55
3.5 The study areas in Lagos State……………………………………………………….. 56
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