Society 5.0, Digital Transformation and Disasters: Past, Present and Future

224 Pages·2022·4.854 MB·English

by  Sakiko Kanbara, Rajib Shaw, Naonori Kato, Hiroyuki Miyazaki, Akira Morita

Disaster Risk Reduction
Methods, Approaches and Practices
Sakiko Kanbara · Rajib Shaw ·
Naonori Kato · Hiroyuki Miyazaki ·
Akira Morita   Editors
Society
5.0, Digital
Transformation
and Disasters
Past, Present and Future
Disaster Risk Reduction
Methods, Approaches and Practices
Series Editor
Rajib Shaw, Keio University, Shonan Fujisawa Campus, Fujisawa, Japan
Disaster risk reduction is a process that leads to the safety of communities and
nations. After the 2005 World Conference on Disaster Reduction, held in Kobe,
Japan, the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) was adopted as a framework for
risk reduction. The academic research and higher education in disaster risk reduc-
tion has made, and continues to make, a gradual shift from pure basic research
to applied, implementation-oriented research. More emphasis is being given to
multi-stakeholder collaboration and multi-disciplinary research. Emerging univer-
sity networks in Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas have urged process-oriented
research in the disaster risk reduction field. With this in mind, this new series
will promote the output of action research on disaster risk reduction, which will
be useful for a wide range of stakeholders including academicians, professionals,
practitioners, and students and researchers in related fields. The series will focus
on emerging needs in the risk reduction field, starting from climate change adapta-
tion, urban ecosystem, coastal risk reduction, education for sustainable development,
community-based practices, risk communication, and human security, among other
areas. Through academic review, this series will encourage young researchers and
practitioners to analyze field practices and link them to theory and policies with
logic, data, and evidence. In this way, the series will emphasize evidence-based risk
reduction methods, approaches, and practices.
· · ·
Sakiko Kanbara Rajib Shaw Naonori Kato
·
Hiroyuki Miyazaki Akira Morita
Editors
Society 5.0, Digital
Transformation and Disasters
Past, Present and Future
Editors
Sakiko Kanbara Rajib Shaw
Kobe City College of Nursing Graduate School of Media and Governance
Kobe, Hyogo, Japan Keio University
Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
Naonori Kato
KDDI Research, Inc. Hiroyuki Miyazaki
Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan GLODAL, Inc.
Yokohama, Japan
Akira Morita
Next Generation Fundamental Policy
Research Institute
Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
ISSN 2196-4106 ISSN 2196-4114 (electronic)
Disaster Risk Reduction
ISBN 978-981-19-5645-4 ISBN 978-981-19-5646-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5646-1
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
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Preface
Japan aims to build a sustainable society for human security and well-being through
the “Society 5.0” cyber-physical system. Through the creation of Society 5.0, Nippon
Keidanren intends to strengthen the partnership to actively realize the UN Sustainable
Development Goals of ending poverty, protecting the planet, and ensuring prosperity
for all.
Society 5.0 is about leveraging the cyber-physical system, which combines the
cyber and physical to maximize the use of data from both. Digital transformation is a
concept that refers to efforts to transform social systems and organizational cultures
through the development of new products and services, new business models, and
reforms to create new value through the use of digital technology. It is important to
note that it is not an end in itself.
In line with the recent discussion of the SDGs, it is important to note that the
concept of human security is centered on the development model and the social
science model, as it is a pathway to health at the individual, community, and orga-
nizational levels through the integration of interventions and how human security
approaches address the linkages between the various causes of health threats. By
examining in detail the connections between each of the targets of SDG 3 and SDGs
1, 11, and 16, which are central to the targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster
Reduction, it is possible to understand the overlap between people-centered disaster
reduction and human security and well-being. This book discusses the overlap
between people-centered disaster reduction and human security and well-being and
the role that the disaster reduction section should play.
This book was written to propose a new interdisciplinary draft of disaster preven-
tion that is oriented toward human security and well-being in individuals and commu-
nities, based on research and discussion by academia, including public health, public
administration, and information law, surrounding nursing with the philosophy of
human security. In particular, we would like to examine what a people-centered,
technology-driven, and secure society is by summarizing interdisciplinary practical
research activities focusing on “humans” at disaster sites.
This book is intended for students, researchers, academia, policy-makers, and
development practitioners in the fields of disaster risk reduction, development
v
vi Preface
planning, public health, water resource management, urban planning, and disaster
management, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. We will be happy if the readers
find this book useful and relevant.
Kobe, Japan Sakiko Kanbara
Fujisawa, Japan Rajib Shaw
Tokyo, Japan Naonori Kato
Yokohama, Japan Hiroyuki Miyazaki
Tokyo, Japan Akira Morita
About This Book
Advancement in science technology in recent decades in Japan and the world might
have increased our capacity to tackle the adverse human consequences of various
kinds of disasters and environmental issues. However, the accompanied and inter-
linking phenomena of urbanization, climate change, rural-to-urban migration, popu-
lation decreases, and aged population have posed new challenges, especially in the
small, medium-sized cities, and in rural areas of Japan. This is also enhanced with
the risk of cascading, complex and systemic risk, which is defining a new normal as
“living with uncertainties”.
This book analyzes recent advances, trends, challenges, and potentials of Society
5.0 and its implications to different aspects of disaster risk reduction. This book is
a valuable resource material for students, researchers, academia, policy-makers, and
development practitioners.
vii
Contents
1 Science, Technology, and People-Centered Society ................ 1
Sakiko Kanbara, Rajib Shaw, Naonori Kato, Hiroyuki Miyazaki,
and Akira Morita
2 Science, Technology, Innovation and Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction .................................... 15
Rajib Shaw and Sakiko Kanbara
3 Systemic Risk and System-Based Approach for Society 5.0 ........ 25
Akira Morita
4 Emerging Issues and Japan’s Milestones in Science
and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction ..................... 41
Sakiko Kanbara
5 Evidence-Based Policymaking of Smart City: The Case
of Challenge in Maebashi City, Japan ........................... 55
Yuki Akiyama, Yoshiki Ogawa, and Osamu Yachida
6 Personal Life Records for Health Decision-Making in Disaster
Situations Society 5.0 and Implications for Resilient
Community ................................................... 77
Naonori Kato, Sakiko Kanbara, and Akira Morita
7 Digital Transformation and Disaster Risk Reduction ............. 93
Hiroyuki Miyazaki, Archana Joshi Shrestha, and Shoko Miyagawa
8 XR and Implications to DRR: Challenges and Prospects .......... 105
Tomoki Itamiya, Sakiko Kanbara, and Masahiro Yamaguchi
9 Open Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction .................. 123
Yishuang Zhang, Jiang Yongxi, Yang Yueqi, Vibhas Sukhwani,
and Rajib Shaw
ix
x Contents
10 Open Governance and Disaster Planning, Recovery,
and Response: Lessons from the United States ................... 145
Patrick S. Roberts, Shalini Misra, and Mark Goldberg-Foss
11 Technology Landscape in Post COVID-19 Era: Example
from China ................................................... 163
Jinling Hua and Rajib Shaw
12 Jugaad Innovation: Concept and Lessons of Social Innovation
in India ...................................................... 187
Parvathi Jayaprakash, B. R. Naveen, Anjula Gurtoo, and Rajib Shaw
13 Towards a People-Centered, Technology-Driven Society .......... 207
Sakiko Kanbara, Rajib Shaw, Naonori Kato, Hiroyuki Miyazaki,
and Akira Morita