Sobotta Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol.1: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System

413 Pages·2011·119.49 MB·English

by  Friedrich Paulsen

At l as of Human A n a t o m y
General Anatomy and
Musculoskeletal System
15th Edition
Edited by f Paulsen and J Wasrbkc;
FngI«r.h Version with Latin Nomonctmurc
ELSEVIER
' IM 1ILR URBAN & FISCHER
User's Guide to the Book
Introductory pages: • Bulleted lists in figure captions as well as in tables help structu­
• The introductory pages provide all relevant anatomical informa­ ring complex facts and provide a better overview.
tions concerning the subject of the chapter. Important details • Figures, tables, and text boxes are interconnected by cross-
and connections are explained easily to understand. references.
• The Dissection Link for each chapter comprises brief and con­ • Cross-references link the figures to the separate Table Booklet
cise tips essential for the dissection of the respective body re­ with tables of muscles, joints, and nerves, thus providing a suf­
gion. ficient anatomical knowledge for the exam.
• Exam Check Lists provide all keywords for possible exam • Clinical Remarks boxes provide clinical background knowledge
questions. concerning the anatomical structures illustrated on the page.
• The dissection link on the page indicates if a tip for dissecting
Atlas pages: the illustrated anatomical region is available on www.e-sobotta.
• The menu bar on top indicates the topics of each chapter, the com.
bold print shows the subject of the respective pages.
• Important anatomical structures in the figures are highlighted in Appendix:
bold print. • List of abbreviations, general terms of direction and position
• Small supplement sketches located next to complex views can be found at the end of the book.
show visual angles and intersecting planes and, thus, facilitate
orientation.
• Detailed figure captions explain the relationships of anatomical
structures.
Perfect Orientation - the New Navigation System
Upper Extremity The menu bar with the
The subject of this page terms printed in bold
indicates the subject of
the current page.
Sketches facilitate
orientation in complex
figures by showing visual
angles and intersecting
planes.
Important anatomical
structures are printed in
bold.
Figure captions explain
anatomical connections The Clinical Remarks
concerning the boxes describe medical
illustrated structures. contexts to the
anatomical structures
illustrated on the page.
Clinical Remarks Mostly, these clinical
a Th* mota» !»«•»« aspects are also of high
For pages with this relevance for the exam.
dissection link detailed
dissection tips can be
found on www.e-sobotta.
com.
The following contents can be found in the other two volumes:
5 Viscera of the Thorax
Heart -♦ Lungs -► Oesophagus Thymus -♦ Topography -► Sections
s 6 Viscera of the Abdomen
n
a Development -► Stomach Intestines -► Liver and Gallbladder
g
r
O Pancreas -> Spleen -*■ Topography -► Sections
al
n
r
e
t
n
I 7 Pelvis and Retroperitoneal Space
2 Kidney and Adrenal Gland -> Efferent Urinary System Genitalia

. Rectum and Anal Canal -► Topography -► Sections
ol
V
8 Head
Overview -» Skeleton and Joints -» Muscles -► Topography -►
Vessels and Nerves Nose -► Mouth and Oral Cavity Salivary Glands
9 Eye
Development -► Skeleton -» Eyelids -► Lacrimal Apparatus -►
Muscles of the Eye -► Topography -► Eyeball Visual Pathway
y 10 Ear
m
o Overview -► Outer Ear -♦ Middle Ear Auditory Tube -♦ Inner Ear
t
a
n Hearing and Equilibrium
a
o
r
u
e
N
d 11 Neck
n
a
k, Muscles -*• Pharynx -► Larynx -► Thyroid Gland -► Topography
c
e
N
d,
a
e
H
12 Brain and Spinal Cord
3 General -► Meninges and Blood Supply -> Brain Sections
. Cranial Nerves -► Spinal Cord
ol
V
Paulsen, Waschke
Sobotta
Atlas of Human Anatomy
Latin Nomenclature
General Anatomy and
Musculoskeletal System
Translated by
T. Klonisch and S. Hombach-Klonisch

Atlas of Human Anatomy
General Anatomy and
Musculoskeletal System
15th edition
Edited by F. Paulsen and J. Waschke
Translated by T. Klonisch and
S. Hombach-Klonisch, Winnipeg, Canada
597 Coloured Plates with 700 Figures
ELSEVIER URBAN & FISCHER
URBAN & FISCHER München
Editors
Prof. Dr. Friedrich Paulsen Prof. Dr. Jens Waschke
Dissecting Courses for Students More Clinical Relevance in Teaching
In his teaching, Friedrich Paulsen puts great emphasis on the fact From March 2011 on, Professor Jens Waschke is Chairman of
that students can actually dissect on cadavers of body donors. "The Department I at the Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology at the
hands-on experience in dissection is extremely important not only Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat (LMU) Munich. " For me, teaching at the
for the three-dimensional understanding of anatomy and as the basis department of vegetative anatomy, which is responsible for the
for virtually every medical profession, but for many students also dissection courses of both Munich's large universities LMU andTU,
clearly addresses the issue of death and dying for the first time. The emphasizes the importance of teaching anatomy with clear clinical
members of the dissection team not only study anatomy but also relevance", says Jens Waschke.
learn to deal with this special issue. At no other time medical "The clinical aspects in the Atlas introduce students to anatomy in the
students will have such a close contact to their classmates and first semesters. At the same time, it indicates the importance of this
teachers again." subject for future clinical practice, as understanding human anatomy
"The dissection links in the atlas lead to online images that are means more than just memorization of structures."
relevant for the dissection. You can print them and take them along.
The offered dissection tips are not instructions, but make sure that Professor Jens Waschke (born in 1974) habilitated in 2007 after
you are oriented exceptionally well and not 'cutting in the dark'." graduation from Medical School and completing a doctoral thesis at
the University of Wuerzburg. From 2003 to 2004 he joined Professor
Professor Friedrich Paulsen (born 1965 in Kiel) passed the 'Abitur' in Fitz-Roy Curry at the University of California in Davis for a nine months
Brunswick and trained successfully as a nurse. After studying human research visit. Starting in June 2008, he became the Chairman at the
medicine in Kiel, he became scientific associate at the Institute of Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology III at the University of
Anatomy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the Wuerzburg. In 2005, together with his colleagues, Professor Waschke
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of the was awarded the Albert Koelliker Teaching Award of the Faculty of
Christian-Albrechts-Universitat Kiel. In 2002, together with his Medicine in Wuerzburg. In 2006, he was awarded the Wolfgang
colleagues, he was awarded the Teaching Award for outstanding Bargmann Prize of the Anatomical Society.
teaching in the field of anatomy at the Medical Faculty of the
University of Kiel. On several occasions he gained work experience His main research area concerns cellular mechanisms that control the
abroad in the academic section of the Department of Ophthalmology, adhesion between cells and the cellular junctions establishing the
University of Bristol, UK, where he did research for several months. outer and inner barriers of the human body. The attention is focused
on the regulations of the endothelial barrier in inflammation and the
From 2004 to 2010 as a University Professor, he was head of the mechanisms, which lead to the formation of fatal dermal blisters in
Macroscopic Anatomy and Prosector Section at the Department of pemphigus, an autoimmune disease. The goal is to gain a better
Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle- understanding of cell adhesion as a basis for the development of new
Wittenberg. Starting in April 2010, Professor Paulsen became the therapeutic strategies.
Chairman at the Institute of Anatomy II of the Friedrich-Alexander-
Universitat Erlangen. Since 2006, Professor Paulsen is a board
member of the Anatomical Society and 2009 he was elected the
general secretary of the International Federation of Associations of
Anatomy (IFAA).
His main research area concerns the innate immune system. Topics
of special interest are antimicrobial peptides, trefoil factor peptides,
surfactant proteins, mucins, corneal wound healing, as well as stem
cells of the lacrimal gland and diseases such as eye infections, dry
eye, or osteoarthritis.

All business correspondence should be made with:
Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag, Hackerbrucke 6, 80335 Munich, Germany, mail to: [email protected]
Addresses of the editors: This atlas was founded by Johannes Sobotta t, former Professor of
Professor Dr. med. Friedrich Paulsen Anatomy and Director of the Anatomical Institute of the University in
Institut für Anatomie II (Vorstand) Bonn, Germany.
Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
German editions:
Universitätsstraße 19
91054 Erlangen 1st edition: 1904-1907 J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, Munich
Germany 2r|d_'| 1 th edition: 1913-1944 J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, Munich
12th edition: 1948 and following editions
Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich
Professor Dr. med. Jens Waschke
Institut für Anatomie 13th edition: 1953, editor H. Becher
14th edition: 1956, editor H. Becher
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
15th edition: 1957, editor H. Becher
Pettenkoferstraße 11
16th edition: 1967, editor H. Becher
80333 München
Germany 17th edition: 1972, editors H. Ferner and J. Staubesand
18th edition: 1982, editors H. Ferner and J. Staubesand
Addresses of the translators: 19th edition: 1988, editor J. Staubesand
Professor Dr. med. Sabine Hombach-Klonisch 20th edition: 1993, editors R. Putz and R. Pabst
Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich
Professor Dr. med. Thomas Klonisch
Faculty of Medicine 21st edition: 2000, editors R. Putz and R. Pabst
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science Urban & Fischer, Munich
22nd edition: 2006, editors R. Putz and R. Pabst
University of Manitoba
Urban & Fischer, Munich
745 Bannatyne Avenue
Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 23rd edition: 2010, editors F. Paulsen and J. Waschke
Canada Elsevier, Munich
Foreign editions:
Bibliographic information published by the
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Arabic edition
The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Modern Technical Center, Damaskus
Chinese edition (complex characters)
Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the
Internet at http://www.d-nb.de. Ho-Chi Book Publishing Co, Taiwan
Chinese edition (simplified Chinese edition)
All rights reserved Elsevier, Health Sciences Asia, Singapore
Croatian edition
15th Edition 2011
© Elsevier GmbH, Munich Naklada Slap, Jastrebarsko
Czech edition
Urban & Fischer Verlag is an imprint of Elsevier GmbH.
Grada Publishing, Prague
Dutch edition
11 12 13 14 15 5 4 3 2 1
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten
English edition (with nomenclature in English)
For copyright concerning the pictorial material see picture credits.
Elsevier Inc., Philadelphia
English edition (with nomenclature in Latin)
All rights, including translation, are reserved. No part of this publication
Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
French edition
other form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Tec & Doc Lavoisier, Paris
Greek edition (with nomenclature in Greek)
publisher.
Maria G. Parissianos, Athen
Greek edition (with nomenclature in Latin)
Acquisition editor: Alexandra Frntic, Munich
Development editor: Dr. Andrea Beilmann, Munich Maria G. Parissianos, Athen
Hungarian edition
Editing: Ulrike Kriegel, buchundmehr, Munich
Production manager: Sibylle Hartl, Munich; Renate Hausdorf, Medicina Publishing, Budapest
Indonesian edition
buchundmehr, Gräfelfing
Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, Jakarta
Composed by: Mitterweger & Partner, Plankstadt
Italian edition
Printed and bound by: Firmengruppe appl, Wemding
Illustrators: Dr. Katja Dalkowski, Buckenhof; Sonja Klebe, Aying- Elsevier Masson STL, Milan
Großhelfendorf; Jörg Mair, Munich; Stephan Winkler, Munich Japanese edition
Cover illustration: Nicola Neubauer, Puchheim Igaku Shoin Ltd., Tokyo
Cover design: SpieszDesign, Neu-Ulm Korean edition
Printed on 115g Quadro Silk Elsevier Korea LLC
Polish edition
Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wroclaw
ISBN 978-0-7234-3639-3
Portuguese edition (with nomenclature in English)
Editora Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro
Portuguese edition (with nomenclature in Latin)
Editora Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro
Russian edition
Reed Elsevier LLC, Moscow
Spanish edition
Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires/Madrid
Turkish edition
Beta Basim Yayim Dagitim, Istanbul
Ukrainian edition
Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wroclaw
Current information by www.elsevier.de and www.elsevier.com
Table of contents
G e n e ra l A n a to m y
Orientation on the Body ............................................................. 4
Surface Anatomy......................................................................... 6
Development................................................................................ 12
Muskuloskeletal System............................................................. 14
Vessels and Nerves..................................................................... 22
Imaging Techniques.................................................................... 32
Integumentary System .............................................................. 36
T ru n k
Surface Anatomy......................................................................... 42
Development................................................................................ 44
Skeleton ....................................................................................... 46
Imaging........................................................................................ 68
Muscles........................................................................................ 74
Vessels and Nerves..................................................................... 96
Topography, Back ....................................................................... 104
Female Breast.............................................................................. 114
Topography, Abdomen and Abdominal Wall .......................... 118
U p p e r E x tre m ity
Surface Anatomy......................................................................... 130
Development................................................................................ 132
Skeleton ....................................................................................... 134
Imaging........................................................................................ 156
Muscles........................................................................................ 160
Topography................................................................................. 194
Sections ....................................................................................... 239
L o w e r E x tre m ity
Surface Anatomy......................................................................... 246
Skeleton ....................................................................................... 248
Imaging........................................................................................ 290
Muscles........................................................................................ 296
Topography................................................................................. 326
Sections ....................................................................................... 369