Smart Materials

967 Pages·2008·156.459 MB·English

by  Tawee Tunkasiri

Smart Materials
Smart Materials

S
elected, peer reviewed papers from the
International Conference on Smart Materials
Smart/Intelligent Materials and Nanotechnology
(Smartmat-‘08)
&
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the
2nd International Workshop on
Functional Materials and Nanomaterials
(IWOFM-2)
Edited by
Tawee Tunkasiri

TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD

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Copyright © 2008 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland

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Volumes 55-57 of
Advanced Materials Research
ISSN 1022-6680
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PREFACE

This proceedings collects all the invited and contributing articles presented at the
International Conference on Smart Materials-Smart! Intelligent Materials and Nano
Technology (SmartMat-'08) and also the 2nd International Workshop on Functional
Materials and Nanomaterials (IWOFM-2). The main theme of the conference covers
intelligent/smart materials and their applications and aims to cross-fertilise these
materials with nanomaterials. The main topics of conference are: materials devices,
processing applications, modeling and characterization of a wide range of materials,
piezoelectric ceramics/polymers, magnetostrictive materials, smart structural materials
and composites, electrooptics and other photonic systems, carbon and other nanotubes,
new nano and micromaterials, biomedical materials, sensors and other smart materials.
Honorary Advisory Committee
C.N.R. Rao Jawaharlal Nehru Center for Advanced Scientific Research
(JNCR), India
L. Eric Cross Penn State University, USA
Thomas R. Shrout Penn State University, USA
Anthony K. Cheetham University of California at Santa Barbara, USA
Organizing Committee
Chair :
Tawee Tunkasiri Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Co-chairs :
Director National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), Thailand
Mongkon Rayanakorn Dean of Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
General Secretary :
Gobwute Rujijanagul Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Committee Members
Robert Molloy Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Narin Sirikulrat Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Jerapong Tontrakoon Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Pitt Supaphol Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Benya Cherdhirunkorn Thammasat University, Thailand
Somnuk Sirisoonthorn MTEC, Thailand
International Advisory Board
Kenji Uchino Penn State University, USA
Ahmad Safari Rutgers University, USA
Susan Trolier-McKinstry Penn State University, USA
Ron Stevens Bath University, UK
Tadashi Takenaka Tokyo University, Japan
Kenneth MacKenzie Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Brian Tighe Aston University, UK
David Cann Oregon State University, USA
Xiaoli Tan Iowa State University, USA
Zhu Weigung Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
David Hall The University of Manchester, UK
Steve Milne Leeds University, UK
Jin Hyeok Kim Chonnam National University, Korea
Sin, Byoung-Chul Dong-Eui University, Korea
John Wang National University of Singapore, Singapore
Nguyen Xuan Phuc Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam
B.V.R. Chowdari National University of Singapore, Singapore
Enge Wang Institute of Physics, Beijing, China
Wen-Bin Liau National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Yoshio Bando National Institute for Materials Science, Japan
Arshad Bhatti The Commission on Science and Technology for
Sustainable Development in the South, Pakistan
Local Organizing Committee

Tawee Tunkasiri Suppatad Dangkreung
Gobwute Rujijanagul Nuntana Thamtamala
Jerapong Tontrakoon Apiroj Lhegyong
Narin Sirikulrat Mongkol Supa
Supon Ananta In-thorn Booncheue
Manoch Naksata Kamonpan Pengpat
Wim Nhuapeng Jirawan Upanunt
Rattikorn Yimnirun Duangpon Laksawat
Sukanda Jiansirisomboon Yongyutt Laosiritaworn
Apinpus Rujiwatra Phisanu Chiawkhun
Arnon Chaipanich Athipong Ngamjarurojana
Anucha Watcharapasorn Uraiwan Intatha
Wandee Thamjaree Anocha Munpakdee
Sukum Eitssayeam Thongsuk Triyachaipanich
Wanwilai Chaisan Prachya Malasri
Pornrat Wattanakasiwich Burapa Paejui
Robert Molloy Worawut Sreesukkham
Torranin Chairuangsri Gannaga Satittada
Pitt Supaphol Chompunuch Puchmark
Benya Cherdhirunkorn Sarawute Thountom
Somnuk Sirisoonthorn Theerachai Bongkarn
Somprasong Sreekaew Narathip Vittayakorn
Rachada Wongsuwan Singhadej Tangjuank
Pichet Tepsuwan
Table of Contents
Preface
Committees
Piezoelectric Actuators 2008: Key Factors for Commercialization
K. Uchino 1
Tailored Intelligent Materials
R.P. Tandon 11
Origin of P-E Hysteresis Offsets in Compositionally Graded Ba Sr TiO Thick Films
(1-x) x 3
J. Barrel, E. Stytsenko, M. Viviani and K. MacKenzie 15
Nanosized Titania, a Smart Material or is it just Clever?
R. Stevens, D. Regonini, C.R. Bowen and A. Jaroenworaluck 23
Magnetic Nanoparticles as Smart Heating Mediator for Hyperthermia and Sorbent
Regeneration
N.X. Phuc, N.A. Tuan, N.C. Thuan, V.A. Tuan and L.V. Hong 27
Defining Structure in Electrospun Polymer Fibres
G.R. Mitchell, M. Belal, F.J. Davis, D.E. Elliott, M. Kariduraganavar, S.D. Mohan, R.H. Olley
and S. Sen 33
I. Piezoelectric Ceramic/Polymers
Sonocatalyzed Ammonothermal Preparation of Fine Lithium Niobate Powders
A. Rujiwatra, N. Thammajak, Y. Chimupala and P. Laoratanakul 37
Effectively Doping of Rare Earth Additives in Sol Gel Derived PZT Ceramics
S.K. Asl and S.K. Asl 41
Micro- and Macroscopic Observations of the Microtexture, the Dielectric and Piezoelectric
Properties in Bulk and Multilayer Pb (Zr, Ti)O
3
N. Binhayeeniyi, A. Dasaesamoh, J. Khakong, P. Khaenamkaew and S. Muensit 45
Effect of Annealing on the Structure and Dielectric Properties in PZT-PCoN Ceramics
N. Vittayakorn, N. Chaiyo, R. Muanghlua, A. Ruangphanit and W.C. Vittayakorn 49
Phase Evolution and Physical Properties of (1-x)BZT-xBFN Ceramic System
H. Maimon, S. Eitssayeam, U. Intatha, T. Tunkasiri and G. Satittada 53
Relationships between Processing Parameters and Properties of PZT Ceramics
C. Puchmark and G. Rujijanagul 57
Synthesis of Conducting Polymer Films by Plasma Polymerization Process
W. Bhanthumnavin, P. Kamphiranon and B. Paosawatyanyong 61
Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of ZnTiO Powder Prepared by the
3
Coprecipitation Oxalate Method
P. Pookmanee, J. Yotasing and S. Phanichphant 65
Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of B O and SnO Doped Barium Titanate Ceramics
2 3 2
N. Tawichai and G. Rujijanagul 69
Ferroelectricity of (1-x)(Bi Na )TiO – xBa(Ti Zr )O Solid Solution Ceramics
0.5 0.5 3 0.95 0.05 3
N. Sawangwan, J. Tontrakoon, S. Sirisoonthorn and T. Tunkasiri 73
Effect of Calcination Temperature on Phase and Morphology of Sol-Gel Derived PZTN
Powders
C. Sangsubun, A. Watcharapasorn and S. Jiansirisomboon 77
BaMnTiO Synthesized by the Oxalate and Impregnation Methods
3
P. Pookmanee, P. Ketwong and S. Phanichphant 81
Ammonothermal Preparation of Barium Zirconate Fine Powders
S. Wannapaiboon and A. Rujiwatra 85
Effect of Al O Addition on Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of
2 3
0.2Pb(Zn Nb )O –0.8Pb(Zr Ti )O Ceramics
1/3 2/3 3 1/2 1/2 3
A. Ngamjarurojana, S. Ananta and R. Yimnirun 89
Microstuctural Study and Properties of 0.8PZT-0.2BT Ceramics Using a Two-Stage
Sintering Procedure
W.C. Vittayakorn 93
b Smart Materials
Effects of Manganese Addition on Phase Formation, Microstructure and Electrical
Properties of Barium Titanate Ceramics
J. Tangsritrakul, M. Unruan, P. Ketsuwan and R. Yimnirun 97
Induced Internal Bubble Shapes Affected Piezoelectric Behaviors of PVDF Films
D. Suwansumpan, H. Manuspiya, P. Laoratanakul and A.S. Bhalla 101
Dielectric Properties Enhancement in Polybenzoxazine Composite at Multi-Frequency
Range
N. Krueson, H. Manuspiya, P. Laoratanakul and H. Ishida 105
Effect of Thermal Treatment on Dielectric Properties of 0.8Pb(Zr Ti )O -
1/2 1/2 3
0.2Pb(Co Nb )O Ceramics
1/3 2/3 3
A. Prasatkhetragarn, S. Ananta, R. Yimnirun and D.P. Cann 109
Influence of Fabrication Processing on Perovskite Phase Formation of KNN-BZT
M. Sutapun, R. Muanghlua, C.C. Huang, D.P. Cann, W.C. Vittayakorn and N. Vittayakorn 113
Effect of Lead Nickel Niobate Substitution on Phase Transitions of Lead Zirconate
Ceramics Prepared by the Solid State Reaction Method
S. Wirunchit, P. Laoratanakul and N. Vittayakorn 117
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Phase Transition Characterization and Thermal Properties of
the (1–x)PbZrO -xPb(Co Nb )O Solid Solution System
3 1/3 2/3 3
W. Banlue, R. Muanghlua, W.C. Vittayakorn and N. Vittayakorn 121
Effects of Zr/Ti Ratio on the Structure and Ferroelectric Properties in PZT-PZN-PMN
Ceramics near the Morphotropic Phase Boundary
R. Muanghlua, S. Niemchareon, W.C. Vittayakorn and N. Vittayakorn 125
Impedance and Dielectric Properties of Nb-Doped Pb(Zr Ti )O Ceramics
0.52 0.48 3
P. Ketsuwan, A. Ngamjarurojana, Y. Laosiritaworn, S. Ananta, R. Yimnirun and D.P. Cann 129
Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Zirconium-Doped Bismuth Sodium Titanate
Ceramics
A. Watcharapasorn and S. Jiansirisomboon 133
Structural and Morphologies of (1-x)BaTiO -xBaFe Nb O Solid Solution
3 0.5 0.5 3
S. Eitssayeam 137
Fabrication of 0-3 Non-Lead Based Piezoceramic/Polymer Composites Using Suction
Technique
T. Sareein, W. Thamjaree, W. Nhuapeng and T. Tunkasiri 141
Microstructures of Zirconium Titanate Powders and Ceramics Prepared by Solid-State
Mixed Oxide Method
C. Puchmark and P. Tipparak 145
Preparation and Properties of B O -Doped Ba(Zr Ti )O Ceramics
2 3 0.07 0.93 3
P. Jarupoom, G. Rujijanagul, K. Pengpat and T. Tunkasiri 149
Characterization of LiNbO Powder Prepared by Citrate Gel Method
3
S. Onnom, D. Wongratanaphisn, P. Supaphol, P. Udomsamuthirun, T. Nilkamjon, S. Radrang, S.
Sonkrua and S. Payoogthum 153
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Ba Sr TiO (x = 0.0-0.2) at the Ti-K and Ba-L
1-x x 3 III
W. Somphon and S. Srilomsak 157
Synthesis of Na Bi TiO Submicron Particles in Molten Salt
0.5 0.5 3
P. Setasuwon and S. Kijamnajsuk 161
Effects of Starting Materials on Molten Salt Synthesis of Bi Ti O
4 3 12
P. Setasuwon and S. Kijamnajsak 165
Effect of ZrO Doping on Crystal Structure, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead
2
Titanate Ceramics
P. Sittiketkron, S. Sukkho and T. Bongkarn 169
Fabrication of Barium Stannate Tatanate Ceramics via Combustion Technique
C. Wattanawikkam and T. Bongkarn 173
The Effect of Excess PbO on Crystal Structure and Microstructure of (Pb Ba )TiO
0.925 0.075 3
Ceramics
T. Bongkarn and R. Sumang 177
The Preparation of Barium Stannate Titanate Ceramics via Solid State Reaction Method
T. Bongkarn and W. Khiawwangthong 181
Preparation of Barium Strontium Titanate Ceramics via Combustion Method
T. Bongkarn and C. Wicheanrat 185
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 55-57 c
Effect of MnO Impurity on the PZT-PMN System Ceramics for Piezoelectric Transformer
2
Y. Suwan, A. Niyompan, R. Tipakontitikul and P. Laoratanakul 189
Effect of Excess PbO on Crystal Structure, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead
Titanate Ceramics
W. Tangkawsakul, P. Sittiketkron and T. Bongkarn 193
Effects of Calcination Temperatures on Phase and Morphology Evolution of
(Ba Sr )(Zr Ti )O Powders Synthesized via Solid-State Reaction and Combustion
0.25 0.75 0.75 0.25 3
Technique
A. Thongtha, K. Angsukased and T. Bongkarn 197
Phase Formation and Microstructure of PBZT Powders Prepared via Mixed Oxide Method
T. Bongkarn and C. Thiangchit 201
Effect of Calcination Temperatures on Microstructure and Phase Formation of
Ba(Zr Ti )O Powders
0.25 0.75 3
T. Bongkarn, N. Phungjitt and N. Vittayakorn 205
Fabrication of Lead Barium Titanate Ceramics via Conventional Solid-State Mixed Oxide
Technique
T. Bongkarn and P. Panya 209
Fabrication of Barium Zirconium Titanate Ceramics Using Ultrasonic Ball Milling
Technique
W. Thamjaree, W. Nhuapeng and T. Tunkasiri 213
Ferroelectric and Mechanical Properties of PZT-PZN-PNN Ceramics
S. Nabunmee, N. Vittayakorn, D.P. Cann and G. Rujijanagul 217
Antiferroelectric Lead Zirconate Ceramics with Nanoparticle Alumina Additions
C. Puchmark, S.J. Milne and G. Rujijanagul 221
Morphotropic Phase Boundary of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics from BNT- KN System
N. Pisitpipathsin, W. Koontasing, S. Eitssayeam, U. Intatha, G. Rujijanagul, K. Pengpat and T.
Tunkasiri 225
Formation of NaNbO Crystals in Dielectric Glass and Glass-Ceramics of a Na O-Nb O -
3 2 2 5
Al O -SiO System
2 3 2
S. Thongsaeng, A. Niyompan, R. Tipakontitikul and K. Pengpat 229
Ferroelectric and Dielectric Aging Effects of Fe3+/Nb5+ Hybrid-Doped Barium Titanate
Ceramics
S. Prasertpalichat, M. Unruan, J. Tungsritrakul and R. Yimnirun 233
II. Magnetostrictive Materials
Effect of Calcination Conditions on Phase Formation and Characterization of BiFeO
3
Powders Synthesized by a Solid-State Reaction
C. Silawongsawat, S. Chandarak, T. Sareein, A. Ngamjarurojana, S. Maensiri, P. Laoratanakul, S.
Ananta and R. Yimnirun 237
Effect of Calcination Conditions on Phase Formation and Characterization of BiFeO -
3
BaTiO Powders Synthesized by a Solid-State Reaction
3
S. Chandarak, T. Sareein, A. Ngamjarurojana, S. Maensiri, P. Laoratanakul, S. Ananta and R.
Yimnirun 241
III. Shape Memory Alloys
Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Transformation Behavior of Locally-Made Ni-Ti
Alloys Used in Orthodontics
N. Chiranavanit, A. Khantachawana, N. Anuwongnukroh and S. Dechkunakorn 245
Effect of Direct Electric Resistance Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of NiTi
Orthodontic Arch Wires
W. Kiattiwongse, A. Khantachawana and P. Santiwong 249
IV. Actuator and Sensor Materials
Materials of Nanocrystalline Sr Ba Bi Ti O for Piezoelectric Sensor
1-x x 4 4 15
N.A.A. Manaf, M.M. Salleh and M. Yahaya 253
Electrical Conductivity of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly(Styrenesulfonate)
Coatings on Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Sensor Applications
M. Panapoy, M. Saengsil and B. Ksapabutr 257