Smart Health Technologies for the COVID-19 Pandemic: Internet of medical things perspectives

478 Pages·2022·20.857 MB·English

by  Chinmay Chakraborty, Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues

HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGIES SERIES 42
Smart Health
Technologies for the
COVID-19 Pandemic
IETBookSeriesone–HealthTechnologies
BookSeriesEditor:ProfessorJoelJ.P.C.Rodrigues,CollegeofComputerScienceand
Technology,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(EastChina),Qingdao,China;SenacFacultyof
Ceara´,Fortaleza-CE,BrazilandInstitutodeTelecomunicac¸o˜es,Portugal
BookSeriesAdvisor:ProfessorPranjalChandra,SchoolofBiochemicalEngineering,Indian
InstituteofTechnology(BHU),Varanasi,India
Whilethedemographicshiftsinpopulationsdisplaysignificantsocio-economicchallenges,they
triggeropportunitiesforinnovationsine-Health,m-Health,precisionandpersonalized
medicine,robotics,sensing,theInternetofthings,cloudcomputing,bigdata,softwaredefined
networks,andnetworkfunctionvirtualization.Theirintegrationishoweverassociatedwith
manytechnological,ethical,legal,social,andsecurityissues.Thisbookseriesaimsto
disseminaterecentadvancesfore-healthtechnologiestoimprovehealthcareandpeople’s
wellbeing.
Couldyoubeournextauthor?
Topicsconsideredincludeintelligente-Healthsystems,electronichealthrecords,ICT-enabled
personalhealthsystems,mobileandcloudcomputingfore-Health,healthmonitoring,
precisionandpersonalizedhealth,roboticsfore-Health,securityandprivacyine-Health,
ambientassistedliving,telemedicine,bigdataandIoTfore-Health,andmore.
Proposalsforcoherentlyintegratedinternationalmulti-authorededitedorco-authored
handbooksandresearchmonographswillbeconsideredforthisbookseries.Eachproposalwill
bereviewedbythebookSeriesEditorwithadditionalexternalreviewsfromindependent
reviewers.
Todownloadourproposalformorfindoutmoreinformationaboutpublishingwithus,please
visithttps://www.theiet.org/publishing/publishing-with-iet-books/.
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to:[email protected][email protected].
Smart Health
Technologies for the
COVID-19 Pandemic
Internet of medical things perspectives
Edited by
Chinmay Chakraborty and Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues
The Institution of Engineering andTechnology
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Firstpublished2022
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Contents
Abouttheeditors xv
Preface xvii
1 Internet of Things(IoT) andblockchain-basedsolutionsto confront
COVID-19pandemic 1
Abu Hasnat MdRhydwan, MdMashrurSakib Choyon,
A.S.M.Mehedi HasanSad, KaziAhmed Asif Fuad, Kawshik Shikder,
ChowdhuryAkram Hossainand M. ShamimKaiser
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain overview 3
1.2.1 Internet of Things 4
1.2.2 Blockchain 6
1.3 IoT technologies to confront COVID-19 9
1.3.1 Health monitoring systems 10
1.3.2 Tracking and detecting possible patients 12
1.3.3 Disinfecting area 13
1.3.4 Telemedicine 14
1.3.5 Logistics delivery 14
1.4 Blockchain technologies to confront COVID-19 14
1.4.1 Contact tracing 15
1.4.2 Database security 16
1.4.3 Information sharing 16
1.4.4 Preventionof data fabrication 17
1.4.5 Internet of Medical Things 18
1.5 Challenges, solutions, and deliverables 18
1.5.1 Challenges of IoT and blockchain technology 18
1.5.2 Possible solutions and deliverables 19
1.6 Key findings and discussion 20
1.7 Conclusion and future scopes 21
References 22
2 Application of big dataandcomputational intelligence infighting
COVID-19epidemic 33
Joseph Bamidele Awotunde, Chinmay Chakraborty and
Gbemisola Janet Ajamu
2.1 Introduction 34
vi Smart health technologies for the COVID-19 pandemic
2.2 Applicability of computational intelligence incombating
COVID-19pandemic 36
2.3 Big data and analytics in battling COVID-19outbreak 40
2.4 The limitations of usingbig data and computational intelligence
to fight the COVID-19pandemic 44
2.5 The practical case of usingcomputational intelligence in fighting
COVID-19pandemic 48
2.5.1 Confusion matrix 49
2.5.2 ROCcurves 50
2.5.3 Precision-recall curve 50
2.6 Conclusion 51
References 51
3 Cloud-basedIoMT for early COVID-19diagnosisandmonitoring 61
G.Boopathi Raja, T.Sathya, V. Gowrishankarand M. Parimala Devi
3.1 Introduction 62
3.2 Overview about COVID-19treatments 63
3.2.1 Symptoms 63
3.2.2 Methodologies in COVID-19diagnosis 63
3.2.3 Treatment approaches 64
3.2.4 Available vaccine 65
3.2.5 COVID-19timeline 66
3.3 Related work 66
3.3.1 Lightweight block encryption–based secure health
monitoring system for data management 66
3.3.2 Smart diagnostic/therapeutic framework for COVID-19
patients 69
3.3.3 IoT-based framework for collectingreal-time symptom
data using machine learning algorithms 70
3.4 Proposed methodology 72
3.4.1 Architecture of proposed IoT framework 73
3.4.2 Data acquisition usingwearables devices 76
3.5 Implementation of proposed framework 76
3.6 Results and discussion 78
3.7 Conclusion and future scopes 81
References 82
4 Assessmentanalysis of COVID-19ontheglobal economics
andtrades 85
Hemanta KumarBhuyan andChinmay Chakraborty
4.1 Introduction 86
4.2 Backgrounds 87
4.3 Social impacts onfinance 88
Contents vii
4.4 Framework forthe international financial system,
bionetworks, and maintainability onpandemic 89
4.4.1 Assessment strategy constructions to fight COVID-19 89
4.4.2 Macro-finance impacts 89
4.4.3 Econometric effects: consumer preferences 90
4.4.4 Nonpositive impacts of COVID-19 92
4.4.5 Impact of international commercial trading 94
4.4.6 COVID-19’seffect onthe aviation industry 94
4.4.7 Significant collision on the travel sector 96
4.4.8 Significant reduction in primary energy usage 98
4.4.9 Record decrease inCO emissions 98
2
4.4.10 Rise in digitalization 99
4.5 The role of circular economy 100
4.5.1 The circular economy for slowing the onset of climate
collapse 101
4.5.2 Social finance system 102
4.5.3 Hurdles to CE for context of COVID-19 103
4.6 Chances financial supportafter COVID-19 104
4.6.1 Several solutions to manage hospital medical and
general waste 104
4.6.2 Facilities for CE in communication sector 106
4.6.3 Usedigitalizationafter COVID-19 107
4.7 Conclusions 108
References 110
5 Earlydiagnosisandremote monitoring usingcloud-based
IoMT for COVID-19 115
MadhuraS.Mulimani, ShridharAllagi and RashmiR. Rachh
5.1 Introduction 116
5.2 Detection techniques 117
5.3 Internet of Medical Things 119
5.4 IoMT devices for the identificationof COVID-19symptoms
and remote monitoring 121
5.4.1 Wearables 122
5.4.2 Smartphone applications 125
5.5 Early diagnosisof COVID-19and remote monitoring procedures 125
5.6 Machine learning and deep learning in COVID-19diagnosis 127
5.7 Related works 129
5.8 Experimental case study 129
5.8.1 Dataset description 129
5.8.2 Methodology 130
5.8.3 Training 133
5.8.4 Experimental setup and results 134
5.9 Measures formonitoring and tracking COVID-19 135
viii Smarthealth technologies forthe COVID-19 pandemic
5.10 Limitations of usingIoMT devices 136
5.11 Conclusion and future scope 137
References 137
6 Blockchain technology for secure COVID-19pandemic
datahandling 141
Agbotiname Lucky Imoize,Daisy OsarugueIrabor,
Peter Anuoluwapo Gbadega and Chinmay Chakraborty
6.1 Introduction 142
6.2 Recent developments in blockchain technology 144
6.2.1 Healthcare data systems 147
6.2.2 Healthcare data exchanges 149
6.2.3 Healthcare administration 149
6.2.4 Pharmaceuticals 150
6.3 Potential benefits of blockchain technology indata handling 151
6.3.1 Better exchange of healthcare data records 152
6.3.2 Validating trust in medical research and supplies 152
6.3.3 Validating correct billing management 153
6.3.4 Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare 153
6.3.5 Optimized privacy and datasecurity 154
6.4 Key challenges of blockchain technology indata handling 154
6.4.1 Security 155
6.4.2 Speed 155
6.4.3 Interoperability 155
6.4.4 Stringent data protection regulation 155
6.4.5 Scalability 156
6.4.6 Privacy 156
6.5 Prospects of blockchain technology 157
6.6 Research on blockchain technology inCOVID-19healthcare 160
6.7 Real-time analysis of COVID-19pandemic data 163
6.7.1 The susceptible recovered infectious (SIR)model 163
6.7.2 Standard logistic regression model 164
6.7.3 Time-to-event analytics model 164
6.7.4 Results of major real-time analysis 165
6.8 Recommendations and future directions 170
6.9 Conclusion and future scopes 172
Acknowledgments 173
References 173
7 Social distancingtechnologies for COVID-19 181
Aumnat Tongkaw
7.1 Introduction 181
7.2 Methodology 182
7.3 Social distancing technologies for education 182
Contents ix
7.3.1 Learning management system 183
7.3.2 Social networking and conference software foreducation 186
7.4 Social distancing technologyin healthcare 187
7.4.1 Wearable technology 187
7.4.2 Screening system 188
7.4.3 Queue systems 188
7.4.4 Payment system 189
7.4.5 Social distancing notified people inpublic 191
7.5 Social distancing technologyin manufacturing 193
7.5.1 Checking the distance usingwearable device 193
7.5.2 Distance monitoring usingWi-Fi 194
7.5.3 Distance monitoring usingvideo analytics 194
7.5.4 Social distancing by replacing some workwitha robot 195
7.6 Social-distancingtechnologies for supporting everyday life 195
7.6.1 Technologies support working at home 196
7.6.2 Applications supportwork from home (WFH)service 196
7.6.3 Conferencing application 200
7.7 Social distancing and smart city 202
7.7.1 AI and big data 202
7.7.2 Implementation and usability 202
7.7.3 Privacy and security 203
7.7.4 Policy and legislation 203
7.8 Conclusion and future works 203
References 205
8 Social health protection intouristic destinationsduringCOVID-19 209
ZaklinaSpalevic, AleksandraStojnev Ilic and Milos Ilic
8.1 Introduction 210
8.2 Related work 212
8.3 Proposal of software solution forhealth protection 214
8.3.1 System architecture 215
8.3.2 Healthcare service 217
8.3.3 Tourist service 218
8.3.4 Local government service 219
8.3.5 Border control 220
8.4 Data protection 220
8.5 Conclusion and future works 222
References 223
9 Analysisof Artificial Intelligence andInternet of Thingsin
biomedical imagingandsequential datafor COVID-19 227
Sinthia Roy Banerjee, Saurav Mallik, TapasSi, Arijit Banerjee,
Shan Jiang and Sudip Podder
9.1 Introduction 228