Slings and Arrows Slings and Arrows Narcissistic Inj ury and Its Treatment Jerome David Levin, Ph.D. JASON ARONSON INC. Northvale, New Jersey London Production Editor: Judith D. Cohen This book was set in 11 pt. Baskerville by Lind Graphics of Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, and printed and bound by Haddon Craftsmen of Scranton, Pennsylvania. Copyright C 1993 by Jerome David Levin 10 9 8 7 6 5 ~ 3 2 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from Jason Aronson Inc. except in the case of brief quotations in reviews for inclusion in a magazine, newspaper, or broadcast. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Levin, Jerome D. (Jerome David) Slings and arrows : narcissistic injury and its treatment I by Jerome D. Levin. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-87668-550-1 1. Narcissistic injuries. 2. Psychotherapy. I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Narcissism. 2. Self Concept. 3. Mental Disorders- therapy. WM ~0.5.E3 L665s 1993] RC~55.~.N3U8 1993 616.85'85 -dc20 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress 93-13285 Manufactured in the United States of America. Jason Aronson Inc. offers books and cassettes. For information and catalog write to Jason Aronson Inc., 230 Livingston Street, Northvale, New Jersey 07M7. In Memory of My Mother Edith Levin To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? ... For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressors's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of dispriz'd love, the law's delay, The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscover'd country from whose bourn No traveller returns, puzzles the will And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of? Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pith and moment With this regard their currents turn awry, And lose the name of action. Hamlet act 3, scene 1 Contents Preface xiii 1 Narcissistic Injury, Narcissism, and the Self 1 The Self Preanalytic Theories of the Self Psychoanalytic Theories of the Self Freud: Self as Developmental Achievement Jung: Self as Life's Goal Hartmann: Self-Representations Jacobson: Affective Coloring of Self-Representations Kemberg: Object Relations Development Kohut: The Bipolar Self Erikson: Identity Winnicott: True and False .Selves Stem: The Four Selves Narcissism Narcissistic Injury lX
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