Skills for midwifery practice

473 Pages·2016·9.746 MB·English

by  Johnson, Ruth, Taylor, Wendy

Skills for
Midwifery Practice
For Elsevier
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Content Development Specialist: Veronika Watkins
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Skills for
Midwifery Practice
Fourth Edition
Ruth Johnson BA (Hons) RGN RM
Clinical Midwife
Formerly Senior Lecturer Midwifery,
University of Hertfordshire and Supervisor of Midwives
Wendy Taylor BSc (Hons) MSc RN RM
Formerly Senior Lecturer Midwifery,
University of Hertfordshire,
now clinical midwifery educator in Whangarei, New Zealand
Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2016
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First edition 2000
Second edition 2005
Third edition 2011
ISBN 978-0-7020-6187-5
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this ield are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment
may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such
information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others,
including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identiied, readers are advised to check the most
current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product
to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of
administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own
experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best
treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume
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Contents
Preface ...................................................................vii 16 Principles of elimination management:
Acknowledgements ...............................................ix defaecation .....................................................132
17 Principles of elimination management:
1 Principles of abdominal examination: obtaining urinary and stool specimens ............137
during pregnancy and labour ..............................1 18 Principles of drug administration: legal
2 Principles of abdominal examination: aspects, pharmacokinetics and anaphylaxis .....143
during the postnatal period ..............................20 19 Principles of drug administration:
3 Assessment of maternal and neonatal oral administration ..........................................154
vital signs: temperature measurement...............25 20 Principles of drug administration:
4 Assessment of maternal and neonatal injection technique .........................................158
vital signs: pulse measurement .........................39 21 Principles of drug administration:
5 Assessment of maternal and neonatal administration of medicines per vaginam ........167
vital signs: blood pressure measurement ...........46 22 Principles of drug administration:
6 Assessment of maternal and neonatal administration of medicines per rectum ..........171
vital signs: respiration .......................................61 23 Principles of drug administration:
7 Assessment of maternal and neonatal intravenous drug administration .....................175
vital signs: neurological assessment ..................70 24 Principles of drug administration:
8 Principles of infection control: standard inhalational analgesia: Entonox .......................182
precautions .......................................................75 25 Principles of drug administration:
9 Principles of infection control: epidural analgesia ...........................................186
hand hygiene ....................................................81 26 Principles of drug administration:
10 Principles of infection control: principles transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation .....200
of asepsis ..........................................................88 27 Facilitation of skills related to childbearing:
11 Principles of infection control: optimal fetal positioning .................................204
obtaining swabs ................................................93 28 Facilitation of skills related to childbearing:
12 Principles of hygiene needs: Cusco speculum use .......................................210
for the woman .................................................98 29 Facilitation of skills related to childbearing:
13 Principles of hygiene needs: for the baby .......103 membrane sweep ...........................................214
14 Principles of elimination management: 30 Principles of intrapartum skills:
micturition and catheterization .......................116 irst-stage issues ..............................................217
15 Principles of elimination management: 31 Principles of intrapartum skills:
urinalysis .........................................................127 second-stage issues .........................................231
v
Contents
32 Principles of intrapartum skills: 46 Principles of phlebotomy and intravenous
third-stage issues ............................................244 therapy: maternal venepuncture .....................346
33 Principles of intrapartum skills: 47 Principles of phlebotomy and intravenous
examination of the placenta ...........................260 therapy: intravenous cannulation ....................351
34 Principles of intrapartum skills: 48 Principles of phlebotomy and intravenous
perineal repair .................................................267 therapy: intravenous infusion ..........................358
35 Principles of intrapartum skills: 49 Principles of phlebotomy and intravenous
management of birth at home .......................279 infusion: blood transfusion .............................367
36 Principles of intrapartum skills: 50 Principles of manual handling .........................373
management of labour and birth in water ......286 51 Principles of perioperative skills .......................382
37 Assessment of the baby: assessment at birth ...292 52 Principles of wound management:
38 Assessment of the baby: daily examination .....301 healing and care .............................................390
39 Assessment of the baby: capillary sampling ....307 53 Principles of restricted mobility
40 Assessment of the baby: developmental management: pressure area care ....................400
dysplasia of the hips .......................................313 54 Principles of restricted mobility
41 Principles of infant nutrition: breastfeeding ....321 management: prevention of venous
thromboembolism ...........................................408
42 Principles of infant nutrition: cup feeding .......328
55 Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation:
43 Principles of infant nutrition:
maternal resuscitation .....................................417
decontamination of feeding equipment ..........331
56 Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation:
44 Principles of infant nutrition:
neonatal resuscitation .....................................429
formula feeding ..............................................335
45 Principles of infant nutrition: Glossary ................................................................443
nasogastric feeding .........................................340 Index ....................................................................446
vi
Preface
Welcome to the fourth edition of this text, we hope that you enjoy it and ind it informative for your
practice as a midwife. On each occasion when we rewrite this book, we are surprised at just how much
has changed and how much new material has been published. This is encouraging, as we all strive to
achieve the best possible care for women, babies and their families. And keep reading, some parts of
this text will be superseded in the years to come, new indings will advance midwifery practice yet further
and, we trust, will see mothers world-wide healthy and happy in their roles with healthy babies.
As in previous editions, we acknowledge the contribution of all midwives, whatever their gender.
However, purely for the purposes of clarity this text considers midwives to be female and babies to be
male. We are also aware that there are many more skills that midwives utilise than are featured here.
Some of them are implied, e.g. communication, rather than featured. There are frequent encourage-
ments to ‘gain informed consent’; this is a standardised way of noting the signiicance of good com-
munication that allows the woman/parents to make decisions following a full, open and honest
conveying of the facts for their consideration.
Student midwives will be able to undertake many of the skills detailed in this text, but with the
overseeing and guidance of qualiied midwives. This is particularly the case for the countersigning of
records and for actions such as ‘Document the indings and act accordingly’. In taking action with regard
to a particular response, it is the midwife who carries the responsibility and so acts according to knowl-
edge, experience and local and national protocols.
Best wishes to you in your practice,
Ruth Bowen & Wendy Taylor
vii
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the unstinting support of family and friends, namely (for Ruth
Bowen): Robbie, Hannah, Daniel, Jean & Harold, Wendy Taylor; (for Wendy Taylor): Ian, Helen, Ann
& John, Ruth Bowen. We are also sincerely grateful for the professional expertise and kind assistance
from: Dr Stephen Rowley, Clinical Director, ANTT; Colette Palin, Infant Feeding Lead, Mid Cheshire
Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Liz Hemmingway B.Pharm, MRPharmS, Women & Children’s Divi-
sional Pharmacist, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Melinda Jordan, Resuscitation
Oficer, Whangarei Hospital; and Library staff at the JET Library, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Founda-
tion Trust. This edition is dedicated to mothers, who make our personal and professional lives so special.
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