Sketches of pioneer Baptist preachers in North Carolina

16.2 MB·English

by  Moore, John W. (John Wheeler), 1833-1906

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Untbersrttp ofJlortfj Carolina
Collection of JlortJ) Carolmtana
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Sketches -of Pioneer Baptist Preachers in
North Carolina.
BY JOHN W. MOORE, STATE HISTORIAN.
GHA INTRODUCTION. Pag-e
©
The preaching of the gospel of Jesus 22
m/ Christ has been since the days of John the
Baptist the most momentous and important ibid.
of all human occupations. 'Our Savioursent 25
him as his herald out into the world to an- 26
nounce his coming. "While the Prince of ibid.
ClAS1 Peaceyetlingeredinthehumbleobscurityof 28
his home in Nazareth, the fiery soul ofJohn
Sect was startling the echoes of the Judean des-
erts with his fearfularraignmentof a guilty 29
world. God had given mankind the inesti- 33
mable gift of the Holy Scriptures consti- 35
tuting what we now call the "Old Testa- 39
ment"; but a new agencywasthen addedin
44
the fullness of thetimes fortheregeneration
of arace lost in sin. The old dispensation 47
had not repellei the humble searcher aftpr 50
truth. It provided that upon the pvoselytic- 54
submission to the rite of circumcision, he
64
became to all intents and purposes one of
the chosen people, and entitled to all the 66
Jewish national and religious privileges. 68
But the sake,fcion of the Genti;^swas amat- 72
ter of small concern to the holiest of the
Sect, Pharisees. They seemed, on the contrary,
to bitterly resent our Saviour's gracious 75
promise, that in his aconemeut all the na- 75
tions should be blest. Their aversion and 79
scorn for the despised Gentiles led them to
80
oppose any schemeof extending the hope of
salvation to such worshipers of stocks and
Sect.,
stones. 83
So when, in the mysterious providence of 85
God, the time had come to rend the veil in
the temple and to throwwideopenthedoors 87
of mercy for all mankind, chosen heralds 88
were needed to bear the gracious proclama- 90
tion toa waiting world.' It had been confi- ibid.
dently expected through ages of suffering
Sect. by the Jews, that the Messiah would bring
deliverance and Plato among the Greeks 91
;
and Virgil for the Romans had told man- 92
kind that some revelation from God might 94
CHAP.| be witnessed at anymoment. In thesump-
Sect.i tuous and inane ceremonies of the heathen 96
temples there had been nothing to educate 97
mind or soul. Even in the grandeur and 99
pomp of the Mosaic ritual there was little 100
beyond the sacred chants and the making
101
of sacrifices to appeal to guilty consciences.
Suchworshipers as Hannah,andthehumble ibid.
publican who smote upon his breast and 194
prayed God to have mercy on him a sinner,
no douottound'lhlians of hope and amend-
ment, but with the ccmingof ourL)ri the Page
Sect.V. preacher, in the fullness of his mission, 107
J stood firstreveaed to mankind.
John the Baptist was the prototype and ibid.
model for all succeeding preachers of righ- 110
teousness. His trumpet-like voice awoke 111
fearful realizations in tbe souls of the myr- 112
iads who flocked to hear what this mysteri-
116
ous denizen of the desert cavernswas pro-
claiming. With a duectnessthat nf-ver fal- 117
tered with time or person, he gave voice to ibid,
the mighty secret he was sent to disclose. ibid,
The ceaseless multitudes were not only
ibid,
stirred to the depths of their souls at his
pictures of the judgmenttocome, theywere ibid.
VI. not simply convinced of the absolute neces- 118
VII. sity for repentance, but were startled be- 120
vin yond measure with his assurance that the 121
IX. long-expected Messiah, for whose coming 123
they had so fervently prayed, had actually
come into their midst. Themighty Baptist 124
confessed to them that he was as ignorant 126
hi. asthey were as towho andwhere theChrist 127
XIII was to be found. He and countless thou- 128
XIV sands were waiting and watching for the 132
XV. fulfillment of the signs whuh were to dis 135
XVI cloWsietthheCPhrriisntc'esofbaPpetacies.m and the descent 137
XVI upon him of theHoi}" Spirit, John's mission 138
XVI seems virtually to have been accomplished. 139
XIX. Inthesacrednarradvewehearof hispreach- 140
XX. ing forashortseason, butguiltyKingHerod
could not brook his stern admonitions, and
in the dungeons of Machaerus forever si- 144
CHAP. XX. lenced the first great preacher of righteous-
ETAB ness, tyir Savioumr'sloveand preferencefor 145
sermons as the jans of establishing his
Sect. I. kingdom on earth was abundantly shown in ibid.
H. a multitude of instances. The Crafty and 146
III. malignant scribes might ever so earnestly 152
IV. demand signs and wonders at hishands as 157
CHAP. XXI. seals of his ministry, his reply was. that no ! 162
sign should be given that wicked and adul-
Sect I. terous generation but that of the prophet 163
n. Jonah. He healed the sick, opened blind 166
in. eyes, loosened ducnbtongues, and raisedthe 170
IV. dead, whenever properoccasionrequired the 171
V. use of sucli^dtwSfre attestations to his divin- 173
VI. iwthy,obuctamaeuniinfomramlevdoenlieanltwacusrigoisivteynttooaaslkl 175
VH. miracles at his hands. No human wisdom 176
vin. or. godliness can ever hope to rise to such 177
heights of truth and eloquence as were em- \
ibid,
bodied in the seeminglysimple discoursesof
our Lord. They are as inimitable as the ibid,
many parables they co-tain. ibid.
IX. As our Lordsaw fit to send the Baptist as 178
his precursor and herald, so too the Saviour ibid.
came as a preacher. Whether in the midst
of the multitudethronging thetempleatthe
time of the Passover, or on the plains of
Galilee, we find that our Lord waseverutil- Page
izing the opportunity to proclaim the un- 179
SlCT. I
searchable riches of his truth and grace. ibid.
With such an exemplar to give dignity and 180
importance to thecalling, howcan men suf-
ficiently honor and apprecia'e this great ibid.
mission and embassy from on high. How 131
-can we over estimate the value and prece- 182
dence ofthose who came bearing theKing's 183
message of hope toaperishingworld. What
183
OHAP. X5 human., profession or occupation can for a
Sect I moment compare in importance with this, 184
m which not only promises peace and security 190
in this life, but a blissful immortalityin the ibid.
next. In the old Jewish dispensation, the 191
priest,..Mio interceded betweenGod andhis
people was selected with many precautions. 192
In the first place, he must be of the tribe of 192
Levi. Next, he was only chosenfromthose 196
descended from the first high-priest, Aaron. 197
It wasalso required that he should be phys- mows
ically and mentally perfect. The slightest
bodily deformity made him forever a stran- nd of
ger to the precincts of the sanctuary. He 200
was further carefully trailed from earliest 203
boyhood to a study of the Holy Scriptures 212
and the details of all the solemn and mag- 215
nificent ceremonies used in the temple. But
i once in each year the high-priest, after Scales.
weeks of ceremonial cleanness, ventured to 216
I enter the Holy of Holies. The sacred and 218
j awful retreat was sacred and inviolate toall
others. The man who ventured to intrude
unlawfullytoo nearits precinctswas atonce
Direct!i slain for his sin and folly. AND MlN-
While our Saviour has not thrown such
mystery and privilege about any of his sac-
CHAP. raments, yet there should be many marks 220
]
Sect. and distinctions to designateanddignifythe 221
holy office of a preacher of thegospel. Like 222'
the priest of old. he islargely the keeper <t
the sacred oracles. Ii? he is dumb, then h,s .Spirit-
people will perish in theirignorance. If he jjfTur-
is unholyin his life, he is doiug more to de- these •
stroy the faith and hopes of his flock than [ 223
all other evil influences combined. The pas- 224
tor who, like a ravening wolf, creeps into
the sheepfold to prey on those who loveand ibid.
trust him, leaves a legacy of doubtand mis- - - 225
trust, which better men can hardly remove j ibid.
alifkteerpyeeoaplres,o"fstaoiidl athnedJperawyiesrh.pr'o"pLhieketopfrioelsdt,, | - - 226
227
and so it is in our day and generation. Ev-
ery congregation which hasbeen ministered ibid.
to fora considerable time by one pastor be- ibid.
comes largely what he is spiritually and - - 228
mentally. The pulpit is not only a guide- ibid.
pcaotsitotnoahnedavreenf,inietmiesntl.argeAlycahumrecahn,swohfereedu-a 229
pious and competent preacher every Sab
bath gives his congregation the results of
his prayerful and elaboratepreparationdur-
ing the week, is bound to be largely blessed
Sect.I. spiritually, and also serves to elevate and [eat 230
chasten the community around. How all- - ibid.
important, then, is it that the Baptists of - 231
North Carolina should work and struggle to - 232
bring about such a consummation of affairs
as would eventuate in each country neigh- - 233
borhood's having a strong, self-sustaining - 234
Baptistchurch, whereon every Sundaythey - ibid.
can meet and hear the word of God pro- - ibid.
claimed in all its truth and simplicity. - 235
Wherever in such circumstancesanableand
godly man gives long years of faithful ser- :cf-
vice to the same people, we find a commu !Ct-
nity blessed with every earthly advantage. - ibid.
II. They are not only prosperous in worldly | - 236
chSaepct..nI.. aomavntedtrefraasin,tdhbiaunbtoGavodeddabrlrleifntighniepnmegeasncteeltasoue,dwetshaaelnitcrht,ittrayunstdto i -- i2bi4d1.
n. every christian household. of
In thepreachedwordof Godistheworld's • 243
in great hope ofultimate evangelization. Tae - 244
IV sects and societies that wait on the slow - 246
work of self-instruction by means of the Bi-
ble and other religious literature generally \hs .
make bat small accessions to their ranks. ta-
In the Romish and other Pedobaptist 259
v. churches the relianceis on infantsprinkling i - 260
VI. as the means of continuing their existence * 261
¥11 Talhaesy hkeoewpfuepwaarsehothweomfelnifeainndthwiosmweany.tbhuuts 266
induc!ted into the churcheswho really km w
APPLICAT7 athnedvcaasrtemfaojrotrhietyreolfigsiuocnhofpetohpeleSatvhieoBuirb?leTios to VARI-
a sealed book. Their faith cousists in the
CHAP. I. belief that a few empty and unmeaning i _ 269
Sect. I. fwoarimtsedwialnldbeunspurfoffiViiteanbtletoliavteosn,eafnodr atlhlatthtehier 1- ibid.
II absolution granted on confession to their 273
III. priests will be sufficient atonement for all - 274
CHAP. II. their sins. To such people the uew birth is j
Preparat all a myth, and the practical observance of
CHaFAnOPRd*OnMTiaII.n1? tamhraeeTdoaeSlalBubaipbpmatpoitofshrttsaa,acnttcthuoi.annlss:ebqWueuleneiknectnvoloeyrw.,ssni.tswthheioorf phcrahevuaercchnheeeriss- 229717
chap, iv ther inherited or boughtforgoldtheir hopes
Farmkr of heaven. We hold that such views are 295
Sect. I. oonulryLcoorndsiasntdenthiwsiAtphostthlees.sysWteemardeevaispeedopblye ibid.
II. separate and apart from all others, and it 297
III.- behooves us to not only cherishand provide 298
CHAP. V. .forbur preachersof to day, but torecalland 314
do reverence to the memories of those who ibid,
have gone before us. With the hope that ibid,
something of their virtues and iabors may ibid.
be recalled and preserved, these pages are 315
^written. Like "Old Mortality" tenderly
restoring the effaced inscriptions on the
CHAP. XVIII tombs of those he had loved and lost, so
would we now recall the names and deeds
In this qualit of the brave men who so largely helped to |d-leaf,
which is soh lmia?kwehaNtortthheyCaarreo.linWaitahndnotdhiessirgeretaoturnedpuulby an five
grains cover magnify the importance of their holy call- thick-
ness ofeach ing, we would yet do justice to men who in . All
the metals,h swoaryespirnivtahteionf,acteooofofbtietnterinandadnguenrr,elaenndtianlg- ;r,pal-
Jadium,men opposition,foundmeanstoplantandnurture !i, zinc,
and nickel,* our earliest Baptist churches. slongs.
They found a land almost God forsaken
The rest, on and given over to the Devil and his agents. led s,e-
mi'inetals. Themeans ofgrace witbinreachof ourfore- ession
ofmalleabili fathers in the earlier Colonial days, were so jtained
utterly wanting or abortive, that inthefew
in common exceptions to the general neglect of all re- emical
and minerald ligion, for a long time only the Quakers of
8- All the tPheirnqguilimkaencshrainsdt-iaPnaswqourosthaipn.k suTshteaihnuegdeatneyr-- s (with
the exceptic ritory stretching more than half way from nay be
pdrreacwendeountceii otrithvheeerrAttlhhaaandntitnchoatotcjeauasnstinmtgeolnwetairoodrngetadhn.eizMHeidosswcishmsuuirpccphhi itroetankoet
thickerthan Paul Palmer and his successors in the Bap•
9. Wires ctihsatramcitneirstorfyouhravpeeoepflfeecctaedn toonlychbaenguendetrh-e ils, are
found to be stood by those conversant with the state of This a-
risesfrom th affairs previous to their labors in the land. adually
addingweig tToherebsreanvte,atnryuefomreeingnwihnovawseiroen uspoopnrothmepitr lents of •
which
CountSickii rights and liberties were from the begin-
wires of on( ning eager to bear the story of the cross. without
They sat, some weeping, and others smok-
breaking. ing their pipes, as Fox and Edmunson, the
Awi Quaker missionaries, told of the Saviour. ' .'l&
North Carolina early became a city of
refuge to the persecuted Baptists cf other
provinces. While members of the estab-
lished church were always contemptuous
and bitter in their opposition in those early
days, yet under the law they coald find no
Thetenacit pretext for actual persecution save in the eadhas
even stillle very statute which was intended to prevent
10. Some aallstvriaonlgeencmeoacnkderinydoifviadlulaplroopprpireetsys,iotnh.es"tWiictkh- ,a high
degree of lers for conformity would swear out peace applied
tothe mech warrants against Baptist missionaries, in jin this
which, with ad the solemnity cf an oath,
respect, suij they deposed thatthese humble menof God
BesidetH were disturbers of the public peace. That i\ quali-
ties,which preaching Christ and him crucified led to ichoth-
er,also,ini)j tvriaotleesncteo,o a.onfdtfTthberrecfaomree 0rviromp&-jJ,nt(/^miKa'ghi.s-a blances
it may be I mockeryof justiceandrequiredtiab preacher nneces-
to give bond for his good behavior and
saryrepetitl peaceful conduct toward the people. Some
smilingly complied with the wretched pro--
; ;
"• (
x/IjlW-
-Tjision of*amavv"and justice and gave obncF
as required, but otherswere madeof sterner
The me stuff. These told the magistrates they had ^ or ele«
mentary b( violated no law, human or divine-, and that )le com-
they would cheerfully abide in jail as long
bustibles. as their worships saw fit to limit. Such on very-
insufficient men, like John Bunyan, made their prisons peculiar
'to each me lively with hymns of praise and sermons mability,
delivered through the windows.
which rec< It was thus amid much tribulation that ;tals are
exposed to the pioneer Baptist preachers of America luced in
them is tha mdoamdaeignowohdiachlowdagsmeenret floorngthteoirbfuaritgheoinn otuhet esplace,
in the diffei .into the world's most imperial republic. Some of
tatheam, emaaty.col tOghfretayecencsdate,mislelpittsooedbplaeernssdsevnaeenrgdeleiscnatveetd,hebtyhgeotyohedhapwdeoorptklh.ee >evaapvoeurry,
intenseheal As the years went by, they saw the horizon empera-
ture .it.is.pi °f their hopes ever broadening and growing ^tilized
lror platina i mwoargeplreupmairnjonugsftoor tthheemeygerseaotferHtohpien.gstGhoadn 170° of
Wedgwood the boldest had dreamed of. Not only was d in the
focus of a *ne time close at hand when all their pains etals, no
and penalties should be sweptfromthestat-
** ute books they were not only to rejoice in the free
accessofai the fulnes;s of that religious liberty which \er con-
dition. Bu they had advocated and prayed for so long Their
cohesion, 1 tmheeaynswerofe atlhsoeirtoesxuagmgpelset,anthdeesctoanbltirsohl,libnyg Itiesthat
have been features of the American civil polity. Bap- stroyed.
Ti nnp9-hthe;^prsottoftryepeeds°amndaQmoddedlesmobcyrawchyichbecwaamsectolnje sfieci-
fically l,ightstructed the mighty fabric of the United pf prop-
erties not o'States. And thus once more the stone re-
ripnese ci, jtehcetceodrbneyr>the—builders became the head of , at dif-
-*-
ferent peric— , ,., _.. the the-
ory ofphlogiston, they were accounted for by assuming that the
metals, during the process of exposure to airat a high tempera-
ture, abandon their phlogiston,which, itwassupposed,uniteswith
the air and renders it phlogisticated, and consequently unfit for
supporting the combustion ofotherinflammablebodies. Thehy-
pothesis, however, could no longer be maintained, when it was
proved that the metals,so far from losing weight, become heavier
after the operation; and though various attempts were made, by
modifications ofthe theory, to accomodate it to this fact, yet none
ofthem can be considered as having been at ail successful.
The theory, which is now almost universally admitted, as best
explaining the phenomena in question, though suggested by the
hints furnished by preceding discoveries, was first reduced to a
systematicandconsistent form byLavoisier. Themetalsijaccord^
*, Annales de Chimie,lxix. 92, m
—
;
chap, xvj 13
g]jetches of Pioneer Baptist Preachers in I
mg to U,iJ North Carolina, tdergo the
changes ( By J0HN w# moore, state historian. ;nce of the
absorptioi itallicbody
becomes Memoir I Paul Palmer. performed,
should su That this is
thefact, d chapter first. readily and
satisfactol A little more than two centuries have mmon air.
A certain1 elaPsea"sincethefirstpermanentsettlements ler favour-
able circi1 woleirnea.effSeucctehd baypEenrgiloidshimnenhuimnaNnorthhisCtaorr-y ;ightinthe
metal is seems very short at best, but it has been thatofthe
fgaarsthwehrii laofonndmgetenrnaonausnmgdihtfattcootsbcuowrmeyiniwngoouabglledisv.giloanTdahlyemumplretenisteaurndvdee iaenmeevreenagpo-
plication women who, in the middle of the seven- jtate ofgas,
andthen tAelebnetmharcleen,turcyamseouguhntdehromdeisffearnendtreafuusgpeiceisn [factory ev-
idence tl from all the other plantations in America. jture of the
change \ ^G^ even thatfamous band of pilgrims,that herefore, as
an establ mmaadneaPnlnaylmso,utafhfoRrodcedk smouccohnsapniacluooguystion htuh-e pa,inconse-
quence c early scenes enacted in Carolina. No king ss has been
ctahleleldorbm\,i: esoonrtgee°rlvoteqhureennoptralrywaadisdseseccornAisrbuueladt.deadsfMaoarnndpyeHr.mt«ih*soisouitsoanhnadtdso i1xbiyder.easFoonrs
which ar had lefttheir homesinGreatBritainandthe e, has pro-
posed to| tcaotnitoinneonfteonfjEoyuirnogpecowmiptlhettheerheolpiegiaonudsleixbpeerct-y ring pages,
I shall el in America. Such immigrants as a general
The rule landed in Boston and Jamestown. At metalsare
notthe sJ both places they found a stern and jealous vithrespect
inquisition as to their religious opinions.
to differe "When the new citizen agreed with Puritan-
1. Soi ism in Massachusetts and the Thirty-Nine .tmospherie
air , aArntiicmlmeisgirnanVitrgwiansiar,ecalelivweadswiwtelhl,opaenndarsmusc.h ch has been
depri_ved But if it so happened that neither Puritan- ese,and the
new mei ism or Episcopacy claimed him for its own, j only ones
wtrhuie,c,h.as,na1tf-tihreew.neraelCahsjaurrflnoerpset(h]IIe.furaonnmhdatphhpiesyfrdbyuiipgnoegtepwdahnsouichnctaeodstshoaesr itthheersa,ir,itbuits
extremel raade life hard enough for the Baptists, but peration of
Gov. Berkeley surpassed even these perse-
moisture.;cutors jn the sternness of his policy. The
2. Otlipoor deluded victim of false hopes was at ut a consid-
erable inloponscseibtloe^s*p°ee^eda.veTVoirgaivnoiiadansdevtehraet wpiuntihsahl-l er,tin, Sec.
when hesjments, the exiles moved on to the unknown \ are slowly
converter wilderness and sought anid the heathen dingasthey
have bee I^ians a reiuge his christian countrymen stances, the
had refused. Like Roger Williams expelled
process i] from Massachusetts in the midst of a New ion of light
and heat Englandwinter'sdiresthardships,sofledthe •pens, chi&f-
14 mofemnaaknidngwNoomretnhwCahroolifinrastabehgoamnetfhoer wciovrilk-,' XVIII.
^y,withsom« ize^HoPwe°mPa]en-y of these Baptist people, whof tAaui
pie, when pr thus cameto AlbemarlebeforeKjngCharlesjt flame.
In other met II granted away the territory thus settled, U^ajjjg
^prih,eDnv,o„m~,e„n.,a,*' issi.t.t.n,oti•nnuhoi.ws kanbuollewna.n_*d sRuegvg.esDtri.veW.seHr.moWnhidt,e-- yprees&uulut*s;.
3. With tl livered in June, 1888, at Wake Forest Col- Ivebeen
-.cal{.lieudm,\pjerafreec ltEehd§iwsea<mrgadtatsveera.sstoomHeehisvqedureoyctleavdraalttuihaoebnleRtehvha.itntaMssoraesagraltnyo Ifjs o,f1aaii,r
and of an inc as 1695 there wereindividual Baptists inthe metals
ofthis kind' caoflfoinrym.ed tRhiacthatrhdeyKnwiegrhet,toanobtehefrouhnisdtotrhieanr,e under-
going any ch fjVe years earlier. He then argues fromthe »r oxy-
gen, and are liberality of North Carolina government as air, is
fporromveerdj,t,ohyetwi,n ttdoehcel-geaplriaRgtiaiopou-ntsjtsotofslefRrraeotvni.jonfLotehrmamutiennlgotcBhbuiurntkgcihtpetrs,e.v'ienn"Tthhei«ds> oBmyentth,e
dispersed into bistory of the Kehukee Assi>ciation, that power-
jl,uil. dj.isc.harge, PBaapurlis;Ptalcmrenrm.wDasintthneefPoruonvdienr>eo,f atnhde ftihrastt ^tothin
leaves, the me Shiloh, this church, was formed in 1727, haslour#
4 All met boenetnhe'onsgubjteackte.n aBsutdefmianintye tahnidngcsonsculpupsoirvetI're s^'*
morereadily c d,.. Wbitsitt «in his belief that Baptist In ma-
ny casesa me churches were inexistenceeven beforethen. Unvrs:_
Woiy hoy ttrhie act TbyheRefvollMorwinBg]aeixrtraftctmifsrsoiOmT,aarlyetStPenrtwrOViltttbeyn ,lbitsa
bright inflami the Bishop of London and the English So- as ai„
ready been si) ePiaerttvs,TosrhoPwrospcaognactliunsgivtehleyGtohsaptealsienarFloyraesiginn |,
sumecl. i.n oxyt 1704 gnptist evangelists were traversing Al-
polradTceher,esi.ttehai.satroetnhlt tbBh1eaem'•inarartlsot^ehbiasern'dfdionsoubrsnatppdetaiairznkeiitnsnhgogeitomchfoetilthrohinencygorn:elvilkeiergtitoshu.esPsreMecrst.-s L/alf"fijnnc-
vjitiyg,nbtett,^waenae,npeors-. bfIyentelenrotiiwasnalnwld,howphrhieacavhoehsolaretftltdistbhuaeppihtreizlledawbtfyhulrsoeoumgmpheliotdhvlee Ife. Inu,
aoctqhueirrceasseosx',ygtb'h* caonuTvnhtpiresyc,twawosirtPhinoruesttt,erniacdnteydkmecaehnpunirencghrow"fitohrdtehresufsruoaml 1mouentd?.i
WtP these soun Episcopal scorn and ignorance touching the only
ones, are watoB"apt°i=st peJople. This —Mr.^B?laVir-pretend,s"pbo|ouunnod-*
confining on, th^ he ^ not eveu know the name and
ifeIs.t aWapotweerrfdi ncrlieangsigsoinfciocwantvhieeorrntesofeartnehdeleocsnrtgeaebdlitiswhwhiainscghtiotwseanlsufmwibinenr-a ^inmg&,nto_
those whi.ch i nine tenths of the people in its fold. Of al air.
fTahmperffnleerw'ly™^vhnid^ri cwtoieuzrriensgeB,amDtethniesstaesn,dunawknodnmoeswnurn,eltmyihseisyfiwotenhaerryeieawslesrooefpl:baanpt-- wmeirtahl,a
atmheplceh,awngheenis : icnhgurcchheusrcwheerse acsompthoesyedwoefnt.a peBouptletvheersye orex-
i unlettered and humble in the social scale, yerted
iar ov mere aTlhleljorstr,ecaonrddst,huifs itthiesytkheapttweanhya,vheavbey Jboehenn fcvolvs
j