Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez

338 Pages·1997·1.66 MB·English

by  Willis Barnstone

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title : Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet : Essays and Translations
author : Barnstone, Willis.
publisher : Southern Illinois University Press
isbn10 | asin : 0809321270
print isbn13 : 9780809321278
ebook isbn13 : 9780585106267
language : English
subject Sonnets, Spanish, Sonnets, Spanish--Translations into English.
publication date : 1993
lcc : PQ6176.B338 1993eb
ddc : 861/.04208
subject : Sonnets, Spanish, Sonnets, Spanish--Translations into English.
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Page iii
Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet
Francisco de Quevedo
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Antonio Machado
Federico García Lorca
Jorge Luis Borges
Miguel Hernández
Essays and Tanslations
Willis Barnstone
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY PRESS
CARBONDALEAND EWARDSVILLE

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Page iv
Copyright © 1993
by the Board of Trustees,
Southern Illinois University
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Paperback edition, 1997
00 99 98 97 4 3 2 1
Publication of this work was made possible in part through a grant from The Program for Cultural Cooperation
Between Spain's Ministry of Culture and United States Universities.
Ink portraits of the poets by Willis Barnstone.
The works of Jorge Luis Borges included in this volume originally appeared in Obras Completas, copyright © 1974,
1989 by Emece Editores, S.A., and in Obra Poetica, copyright © 1979 by Emece Editores, S.A. English-language
translations copyright © 1993 by María Kodama, Executrix of the Estate of Jorge Luis Borges. All rights reserved.
Published by arrangement with Viking Penguin, New York.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Barnstone, Willis, 1927-
Six masters of the Spanish sonnet : Francisco de Quevedo, Sor
Juana Inés de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico García Lorca, Jorge
Luis Borges, Miguel Hernández : essays and translations / Willis
Barnstone.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
1. Sonnets, Spanish. 2. Sonnets, SpanishTranslations into
English. I. Title. II. Title: 6 masters of the Spanish sonnet.
PQ6176.B338 1993
861'.04208dc20 92-12099
ISBN 0-8093-2127-0 (pbk.) CIP
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information
SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.

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Page v
For Edwin Honig and Alan Trueblood,
friends of a lifetime,
of the poem in Spanish and its English version
and Luis Beltrán, seventh master
of the Spanish sonnet

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Page vii
CONTENTS
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xix
Introduction: Spanish Poetry to Quevedo 1
The sonnet vagabonding into Spain 1
Spanish poetry of the Renaissance and baroque age 2
An interlude of mystical elsewhereness 6
Góngora and his gang against Quevedo and his mob 10
Francisco De Quevedo (1580-1645), Spain 17
19
A metaphysical monster of nature
19
Francisco de Quevedo
21
Poet and diplomat, glory and troubles
24
The misogynist marries
26
The perilous siren of many voices and varied melodies
The Poems
32, 33
Enseña cómo todas las cosas avisan de la muerte/He Shows How All Things Warn of Death
32, 33
A Roma, sepultada en sus ruinas/To Rome, Buried in Its Ruins
34, 35
Pronuncia con sus nombres los trastos y miserias de la vida/ He Enumerates, with Proper Terms,
the Mishaps and Miseries of Life
34, 35
Significa la propia brevedad de la vida, sin pensar y con padecer, salteada de la muerte/He Points
Out the Brevity of Life, Unthinking and Suffering, Surprised by Death
36, 37
La vida fugitiva/Fleeting Life
36, 37
Represéntase la brevedad de lo que vive y cuán nada parece lo que se vivió/Described Is the
Brevity of What Is Being Lived and How What Has Been Lived Seems to Be Nothing
38, 39
Conoce las fuerzas del tiempo y el ejecutivo cobrador de la muerte/He Is Familiar with the Forces
of Time and the Fact That Death Is an Insistent Collector

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Page viii
38, 39
Repite la fragilidad de la vida y señala sus engaños y sus enemigos/He Cites the Fragility of Life
and Points Out Its Tricks and Its Enemies
40, 41
En vano busca la tranquilidad/Futilely He Looks for Peace
40, 41
Amor constante más allá de la muerte/Love Constant Beyond Death
42, 43
Persevera en la exageración de su afecto amoroso y en el exceso de su padecer/He Persists in the
Exaggeration of His Amorous Affection and in the Excess of His Suffering
42, 43
Dice que su amor no tiene parte alguna terrestre/He Says That His Love Has No Terrestrial Place
44, 45
Muestra lo que es una mujer despreciada/He Depicts What a Slighted Woman Is
44, 45
Desengaño de las mujeres/Disillusionment with Women
46, 47
La mayor puta de las dos Castillas/The Greatest Whore from All the Two Castiles
46, 47
La voz del ojo, que llamamos pedo/The Voice from the Red Eye We Call a Fart
48, 49
Que tiene ojo de culo es evidente/That Your Ass Has a Nether Eye Is Clear
48, 49
Góngora/Góngora
50, 51
A una nariz/To a Nose
50, 51
Sacamuelas que quería concluir con la herramienta de una boca/The Toothpuller Who Wanted to
Turn a Mouth into a Grinding Machine
52, 53
Médico que, para un mal que no quita, receta muchos/A Doctor Who for an Ill He Doesn't Cure
Prescribes Many Others
52, 53
Significa la interesable correspondencia de la vida humana/ Signifying the Interesting
Correspondence of Things in Human Life
54, 55
Desengaño de la exterior apariencia con el examen interior y verdadero/Disillusionment with
External Appearances, and So an Inner and True Examination
54, 55
Conveniencia de no usar de los ojos, de los oídos y de la lengua/Advantages of Not Using Eyes,
Ears, and Tongue
Sor Juana Inés De La Cruz (1648/51-1695), Mexico 57
59
A Mexican nun is the last great voice of the Spanish Golden Age

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Page ix
60
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz: A daughter of the Church and her books
62
A young reader
65
A confusion of lovers
68
A young writer in the library
69
Light in the palace court
70
Choosing convent walls to secure freedom
74
"Stupid men imputing shame/on a woman unreasonably"
75
"What you see here is colorful illusion"
78
The bishop's letter that was Sor Juana's "crucible of torment"
80
The strange case of Sor Juana and her friend and ally, the bishop of Puebla
81
The Response and the silences
The Poems
86, 87
A su retrato/To Her Self-Portrait
86, 87
A la esperanza/To Hope
88, 89
Quéjase de la suerte: insinúa su aversión a los vicios y justifica su divertimiento a las musas/She
Complains about Her Fate: She Asserts Her Aversion to Vices and Justifies Her Pleasure in the
Muses
88, 89
En que da moral censura a una rosa, y en ella a sus semejantes/In Which She Morally Censures a
Rose, and Through the Rose Her Peers
90, 91
Escoge antes el morir que exponerse a los ultrajes de la vejez/ A Good Face One Should Choose
Before Dying Rather Than to Expose Oneself to the outrages of old Age
90, 91
Sospecha crueldad disimulada, el alivio que la esperanza da/ She Suspects That the Relief That
Hope Gives Is Dissimulated Cruelty
92, 93
En que satisface un recelo con la retórica del llanto/In Which She Satisfies a Fear with the Rhetoric
of Tears
92, 93
Que contiene una fantasía contenta con amor decente/In Which Her Fantasy Is Contented with
Decent Love
94, 95
De una reflexión cuerda con que mitiga el dolor de una pasión/Concerning a Sage Reflection That
Mitigates a Passion
Prosigue el mismo asunto, y determina que prevalezca la razón contra el gusto/She Continues with
the Same

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